1
|
Ariffin N, Newman DW, Nelson MG, O’cualain R, Hubbard SJ. Proteogenomic Gene Structure Validation in the Pineapple Genome. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1583-1592. [PMID: 38651221 PMCID: PMC11077482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
MD2 pineapple (Ananas comosus) is the second most important tropical crop that preserves crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), which has high water-use efficiency and is fast becoming the most consumed fresh fruit worldwide. Despite the significance of environmental efficiency and popularity, until very recently, its genome sequence has not been determined and a high-quality annotated proteome has not been available. Here, we have undertaken a pilot proteogenomic study, analyzing the proteome of MD2 pineapple leaves using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), which validates 1781 predicted proteins in the annotated F153 (V3) genome. In addition, a further 603 peptide identifications are found that map exclusively to an independent MD2 transcriptome-derived database but are not found in the standard F153 (V3) annotated proteome. Peptide identifications derived from these MD2 transcripts are also cross-referenced to a more recent and complete MD2 genome annotation, resulting in 402 nonoverlapping peptides, which in turn support 30 high-quality gene candidates novel to both pineapple genomes. Many of the validated F153 (V3) genes are also supported by an independent proteomics data set collected for an ornamental pineapple variety. The contigs and peptides have been mapped to the current F153 genome build and are available as bed files to display a custom gene track on the Ensembl Plants region viewer. These analyses add to the knowledge of experimentally validated pineapple genes and demonstrate the utility of transcript-derived proteomics to discover both novel genes and genetic structure in a plant genome, adding value to its annotation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norazrin Ariffin
- School
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, MAHSC, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
- Department
of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - David Wells Newman
- School
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, MAHSC, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael G. Nelson
- School
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, MAHSC, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Ronan O’cualain
- School
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, MAHSC, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J. Hubbard
- School
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, MAHSC, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin D, Zhou X, Zhao H, Tao X, Yu S, Zhang X, Zang Y, Peng L, Yang L, Deng S, Li X, Mao X, Luan A, He J, Ma J. The Synergistic Mechanism of Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism between the Green and White Tissues of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus Chimeric Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119238. [PMID: 37298190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ananas comosus var. bracteatus (Ac. bracteatus) is a typical leaf-chimeric ornamental plant. The chimeric leaves are composed of central green photosynthetic tissue (GT) and marginal albino tissue (AT). The mosaic existence of GT and AT makes the chimeric leaves an ideal material for the study of the synergistic mechanism of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism. The daily changes in net photosynthetic rate (NPR) and stomatal conductance (SCT) of the leaves indicated the typical crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) characteristic of Ac. bracteatus. Both the GT and AT of chimeric leaves fixed CO2 during the night and released CO2 from malic acid for photosynthesis during the daytime. The malic acid content and NADPH-ME activity of the AT during the night was significantly higher than that of GT, which suggests that the AT may work as a CO2 pool to store CO2 during the night and supply CO2 for photosynthesis in the GT during the daytime. Furthermore, the soluble sugar content (SSC) in the AT was significantly lower than that of GT, while the starch content (SC) of the AT was apparently higher than that of GT, indicating that AT was inefficient in photosynthesis but may function as a photosynthate sink to help the GT maintain high photosynthesis activity. Additionally, the AT maintained peroxide balance by enhancing the non-enzymatic antioxidant system and antioxidant enzyme system to avoid antioxidant damage. The enzyme activities of reductive ascorbic acid (AsA) and the glutathione (GSH) cycle (except DHAR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) were enhanced, apparently to make the AT grow normally. This study indicates that, although the AT of the chimeric leaves was inefficient at photosynthesis because of the lack of chlorophyll, it can cooperate with the GT by working as a CO2 supplier and photosynthate store to enhance the photosynthetic ability of GT to help chimeric plants grow well. Additionally, the AT can avoid peroxide damage caused by the lack of chlorophyll by enhancing the activity of the antioxidant system. The AT plays an active role in the normal growth of the chimeric leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongpu Lin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Xuzixin Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Xiaoguang Tao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Sanmiao Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Yaoqiang Zang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Lingli Peng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Shuyue Deng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Xiyan Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Xinjing Mao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Aiping Luan
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Junhu He
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Function of ALA Content in Porphyrin Metabolism Regulation of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065274. [PMID: 36982348 PMCID: PMC10049405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorophyll and heme are essential molecules for photosynthesis and respiration, which are competing branches of the porphyrin metabolism pathway. Chlorophyll and heme balance regulation is very important for the growth and development of plants. The chimeric leaves of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus were composed of central photosynthetic tissue (PT) and marginal albino tissue (AT), which were ideal materials for the study of porphyrin metabolism mechanisms. In this study, the regulatory function of ALA content on porphyrin metabolism (chlorophyll and heme balance) was revealed by comparing PT and AT, 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) exogenous supply, and interference of hemA expression. The AT remained similar in porphyrin metabolism flow level to the PT by keeping an equal ALA content in both tissues, which was very important for the normal growth of the chimeric leaves. As the chlorophyll biosynthesis in AT was significantly inhibited, the porphyrin metabolism flow was directed more toward the heme branch. Both tissues had similar Mg2+ contents; however, Fe2+ content was significantly increased in the AT. The chlorophyll biosynthesis inhibition in the white tissue was not due to a lack of Mg2+ and ALA. A 1.5-fold increase in ALA content inhibited chlorophyll biosynthesis while promoting heme biosynthesis and hemA expression. The doubling of ALA content boosted chlorophyll biosynthesis while decreasing hemA expression and heme content. HemA expression interference resulted in a higher ALA content and a lower chlorophyll content, while the heme content remained at a relatively low and stable level. Conclusively, a certain amount of ALA was important for the stability of porphyrin metabolism and the normal growth of plants. The ALA content appears to be able to regulate chlorophyll and heme content by bidirectionally regulating porphyrin metabolism branch direction.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu Y, Zhu S, Zhang F, Zhao Z, Christensen MJ, Nan Z, Zhang X. Transcriptomic Analyses Reveals Molecular Regulation of Photosynthesis by Epichloë endophyte in Achnatherum inebrians under Blumeria graminis Infection. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1201. [PMID: 36422022 PMCID: PMC9695909 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis is essential for the growth of all green plants, and the presence of an Epichloë endophyte enhances the photosynthesis of Achnatherum inebrians (drunken horse grass, DHG), including when it is under attack by fungal pathogens. However, few studies have examined the mechanism of the increased photosynthetic activity at the molecular level of A. inebrians when it is under pathogen stress. The present study investigated the effects of the presence of the Epichloë endophyte on the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of DHG plants under a Blumeria graminis infection condition, and we compared the transcriptomes using RNA sequencing. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of Epichloë endophyte-infected (E+) plants was higher under the B. graminis infection condition, and also without this pathogen, when it was compared with Epichloë endophyte-free (E-) plants. The E+ plants uninfected with B. graminis had 15 up-regulated unigenes that are involved in photosynthesis which were compared to the E- plants that were uninfected with this pathogen. This suggests that the presence of an Epichloë endophyte up-regulates the genes that are involved in the process of photosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Shibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Jiayuguan Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiayuguan 735100, China
| | - Zhenrui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Michael J. Christensen
- Retired Scientist from Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Zhibiao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Xingxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Feng L, Wang J, Mao M, Yang W, Adje MO, Xue Y, Zhou X, Zhang H, Luo J, Tang R, Tan L, Lin D, Zhang X, Zang Y, He Y, Chen C, Luan A, Lin W, Xu W, Li X, Sun L, Jiang F, Ma J. The highly continuous reference genome of a leaf-chimeric red pineapple (Ananas comosus var. bracteatus f. tricolor) provides insights into elaboration of leaf color. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2022; 12:jkab452. [PMID: 35100332 PMCID: PMC8824783 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ananas comosus var. bracteatus f. tricolor (GL1) is a red pineapple accession whose mostly green leaves with chimeric white leaf margins turn red in spring and autumn and during flowering. It is an important ornamental plant and ideal plant research model for anthocyanin metabolism, chimeric leaf development, and photosynthesis. Here, we generated a highly contiguous chromosome-scale genome assembly for GL1 and compared it with other 3 published pineapple assemblies (var. comosus accessions MD2 and F153, and var. bracteatus accession CB5). The GL1 assembly has a total size of ∼461 Mb, with a contig N50 of ∼2.97 Mb and Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Ortholog score of 97.3%. More than 99% of the contigs are anchored to 25 pseudochromosomes. Compared with the other 3 published pineapple assemblies, the GL1 assembly was confirmed to be more continuous. Our evolutionary analysis showed that the Bromeliaceae and Poaceae diverged from their nearest common ancestor ∼82.36 million years ago (MYA). Population structure analysis showed that while GL1 has not undergone admixture, bracteatus accession CB5 has resulted from admixture of 3 species of Ananas. Through classification of orthogroups, analysis of genes under positive selection, and analysis of presence/absence variants, we identified a series of genes related to anthocyanin metabolism and development of chimeric leaves. The structure and evolution of these genes were compared among the published pineapple assemblies with reveal candidate genes for these traits. The GL1 genome assembly and its comparisons with other 3 pineapple genome assemblies provide a valuable resource for the genetic improvement of pineapple and serve as a model for understanding the genomic basis of important traits in different pineapple varieties and other pan-cereal crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Feng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Juntao Wang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Meiqin Mao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Mark Owusu Adje
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yanbin Xue
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xuzixin Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jiaheng Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ruimin Tang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Lin Tan
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Dongpu Lin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yaoqiang Zang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yehua He
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Changming Chen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Aiping Luan
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Wenqiu Lin
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Wentian Xu
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Lingxia Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Fuxing Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou X, Xue Y, Mao M, He Y, Adjei MO, Yang W, Hu H, Liu J, Feng L, Zhang H, Luo J, Li X, Sun L, Huang Z, Ma J. Metabolome and transcriptome profiling reveals anthocyanin contents and anthocyanin-related genes of chimeric leaves in Ananas comosus var. bracteatus. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:331. [PMID: 33962593 PMCID: PMC8105979 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ananas comosus var. bracteatus is a colorful plant used as a cut flower or landscape ornamental. The unique foliage color of this plant includes both green and red leaves and, as a trait of interest, deserves investigation. In order to explore the pigments behind the red section of the chimeric leaves, the green and red parts of chimeric leaves of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus were sampled and analyzed at phenotypic, cellular and molecular levels in this study. RESULTS The CIELAB results indicated that the a* values and L* values samples had significant differences between two parts. Freehand sections showed that anthocyanin presented limited accumulation in the green leaf tissues but obviously accumulation in the epidermal cells of red tissues. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed by RNA-seq and LC-ESI-MS/MS. Among the 508 identified metabolites, 10 kinds of anthocyanins were detected, with 6 significantly different between the two samples. The cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside content that accounts for nearly 95.6% in red samples was significantly higher than green samples. RNA-Seq analyses showed that 11 out of 40 anthocyanin-related genes were differentially expressed between the green and red samples. Transcriptome and metabolome correlations were determined by nine quadrant analyses, and 9 anthocyanin-related genes, including MYB5 and MYB82, were correlated with 7 anthocyanin-related metabolites in the third quadrant in which genes and metabolites showing consistent change. Particularly, the PCCs between these two MYB genes and cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside were above 0.95. CONCLUSION Phenotypic colors are closely related to the tissue structures of different leaf parts of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus, and two MYB transcription factors might contribute to differences of anthocyanin accumulation in two parts of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus chimeric leaves. This study lay a foundation for further researches on functions of MYBs in Ananas comosus var. bracteatus and provides new insights to anthocyanin accumulation in different parts of chimeric leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuzixin Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanbin Xue
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiqin Mao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yehua He
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mark Owusu Adjei
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Hu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Feng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaheng Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxia Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xue Y, Li X, Mao M, He Y, Owusu Adjei M, Zhou X, Hu H, Liu J, Li X, Ma J. AbhemC encoding porphobilinogen deaminase plays an important role in chlorophyll biosynthesis and function in albino Ananas comosus var. bracteatus leaves. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11118. [PMID: 33850657 PMCID: PMC8018242 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The chimeric leaves of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus are composed of normal green parts (Grs) and albino white parts (Whs). Although the underlying mechanism of albinism in A. comosus var. bracteatus leaves is not fully understood, it is likely associated with the chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis. In this biosynthetic process, porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) plays a crucial role by catalyzing the conversion of porphobilinogen (PBG) to uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III). Therefore, its encoding gene AbhemC was investigated here in association with Chl biosynthesis and albinism in chimeric A. comosus var. bracteatus leaves. Methods The Chl content, main Chl biosynthesis precursor content, and main enzyme activity were determined and compared between the Whs and Grs of A. comosus var. bracteatus leaves. In addition, AbhemC was cloned and its transcriptional expression and prokaryotic protein expression were analyzed. Furthermore, RNAi-mediated silencing of AbhemC was produced and assessed in tobacco plants. Results The concentration of Chl a and Chl b in the Grs was significantly higher than that in the Whs, respectively. Additionally, the content of the Chl biosynthesis precursor Urogen III decreased significantly in the Whs compared with the Grs. Thus, the transition of PBG to Urogen III may be the first rate-limiting step leading to albinism in the chimeric leaves of A. comosus var. bracteatus. The gene AbhemC comprised 1,135 bp and was encoded into a protein with 371 amino acids; phylogenetically, AbhemC was most closely related to hemC of pineapple. Prokaryotic expression and in vitro enzyme activity analysis showed that the cloned mRNA sequence of AbhemC was successfully integrated and had PBGD activity. Compared with control plants, transgenic tobacco leaves with pFGC5941-AbhemC-RNAi vector were substantially less green with significantly reduced hemC expression and Chl content, as well as reduced PBGD enzyme activity and significantly decreased content of Chl biosynthesis precursors from Urogen III onwards. Our results suggest that the absence of hemC expression reduces the enzyme activity of PBGD, which blocks the transition of PBG to Urogen III, and in turn suppresses Chl synthesis leading to the pale-green leaf color. Therefore, we suggest that AbhemC plays an important role in Chl synthesis and may be an important factor in the albinism of A. comosus var. bracteatus leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Xue
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiqin Mao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yehua He
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mark Owusu Adjei
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuzixin Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Hu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mao M, Xue Y, He Y, Zhou X, Rafique F, Hu H, Liu J, Feng L, Yang W, Li X, Sun L, Huang Z, Ma J. Systematic identification and comparative analysis of lysine succinylation between the green and white parts of chimeric leaves of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:383. [PMID: 32493214 PMCID: PMC7268518 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6750-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lysine succinylation, an important protein posttranslational modification (PTM), is widespread and conservative. The regulatory functions of succinylation in leaf color has been reported. The chimeric leaves of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus are composed of normal green parts and albino white parts. However, the extent and function of lysine succinylation in chimeric leaves of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus has yet to be investigated. Results Compared to the green (Gr) parts, the global succinylation level was increased in the white (Wh) parts of chimeric leaves according to the Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Furthermore, we quantitated the change in the succinylation profiles between the Wh and Gr parts of chimeric leaves using label-free LFQ intensity. In total, 855 succinylated sites in 335 proteins were identified, and 593 succinylated sites in 237 proteins were quantified. Compared to the Gr parts, 232 (61.1%) sites in 128 proteins were quantified as upregulated targets, and 148 (38.9%) sites in 70 proteins were quantified as downregulated targets in the Wh parts of chimeric leaves using a 1.5-fold threshold (P < 0.05). These proteins with altered succinylation level were mainly involved in crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis, photorespiration, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (CAC) and pyruvate metabolism. Conclusions Our results suggested that the changed succinylation level in proteins might function in the main energy metabolism pathways—photosynthesis and respiration. Succinylation might provide a significant effect in the growth of chimeric leaves and the relationship between the Wh and Gr parts of chimeric leaves. This study not only provided a basis for further characterization on the function of succinylated proteins in chimeric leaves of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus but also provided a new insight into molecular breeding for leaf color chimera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiqin Mao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanbin Xue
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yehua He
- Horticultural Biotechnology College, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuzixing Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fatima Rafique
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Hu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Feng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxia Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|