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Qiao Y, Xia Q, Cao X, Xu J, Qiao Z, Wu L, Chen Z, Yang L, Lu X. Urolithin A exerts anti-tumor effects on gastric cancer via activating autophagy-Hippo axis and modulating the gut microbiota. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03043-5. [PMID: 38489081 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03043-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) treatment regimens are still unsatisfactory. Recently, Urolithin A (UroA) has gained tremendous momentum due to its anti-tumor properties. However, the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanisms of UroA in GC are unclear. We explored the effects and related mechanisms of UroA on GC both in vivo and in vitro. A Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the influence of UroA on the proliferation of GC cell lines. The Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3MA) was employed to clarify the role of autophagy in the anti-tumor effect of UroA. Simultaneously, we detected the core-component proteins involved in autophagy and its downstream pathways. Subsequently, the in vivo anti-tumor effect of UroA was determined using a xenograft mouse model. Western blotting was used to detect the core protein components of the anti-tumor pathways, and 16S rDNA sequencing was used to detect the effect of UroA on the gut microbiota. We found that UroA suppressed tumor progression. The use of 3MA undermined the majority of the inhibitory effect of UroA on tumor cell proliferation, further confirming the importance of autophagy in the anti-tumor effect of UroA. Invigorating of autophagy activated the downstream Hippo pathway, thereby inhibiting the Warburg effect and promoting cell apoptosis. In addition, UroA modulated the composition of the gut microbiota, as indicated by the increase of probiotics and the decrease of pathogenic bacteria. Our research revealed new anti-tumor mechanisms of UroA, which may be a promising candidate for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 16 Baita West Road, Suzhou, 215001, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, China
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Qiaoyun Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Xukun Cao
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Jingyuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 16 Baita West Road, Suzhou, 215001, China.
| | - Zhengdong Qiao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Longyun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Zhirong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 16 Baita West Road, Suzhou, 215001, China.
| | - Longbao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, China.
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Zhang W, Xu Y, Wang X, Oikawa T, Su G, Wauthier E, Wu G, Sethupathy P, He Z, Liu J, Reid LM. Fibrolamellar carcinomas-growth arrested by paracrine signals complexed with synthesized 3-O sulfated heparan sulfate oligosaccharides. Matrix Biol 2023; 121:194-216. [PMID: 37402431 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrolamellar carcinomas (FLCs), lethal tumors occurring in children to young adults, have genetic signatures implicating derivation from biliary tree stem cell (BTSC) subpopulations, co-hepato/pancreatic stem cells, involved in hepatic and pancreatic regeneration. FLCs and BTSCs express pluripotency genes, endodermal transcription factors, and stem cell surface, cytoplasmic and proliferation biomarkers. The FLC-PDX model, FLC-TD-2010, is driven ex vivo to express pancreatic acinar traits, hypothesized responsible for this model's propensity for enzymatic degradation of cultures. A stable ex vivo model of FLC-TD-2010 was achieved using organoids in serum-free Kubota's Medium (KM) supplemented with 0.1% hyaluronans (KM/HA). Heparins (10 ng/ml) caused slow expansion of organoids with doubling times of ∼7-9 days. Spheroids, organoids depleted of mesenchymal cells, survived indefinitely in KM/HA in a state of growth arrest for more than 2 months. Expansion was restored with FLCs co-cultured with mesenchymal cell precursors in a ratio of 3:7, implicating paracrine signaling. Signals identified included FGFs, VEGFs, EGFs, Wnts, and others, produced by associated stellate and endothelial cell precursors. Fifty-three, unique heparan sulfate (HS) oligosaccharides were synthesized, assessed for formation of high affinity complexes with paracrine signals, and each complex screened for biological activity(ies) on organoids. Ten distinct HS-oligosaccharides, all 10-12 mers or larger, and in specific paracrine signal complexes elicited particular biological responses. Of note, complexes of paracrine signals and 3-O sulfated HS-oligosaccharides elicited slowed growth, and with Wnt3a, elicited growth arrest of organoids for months. If future efforts are used to prepare HS-oligosaccharides resistant to breakdown in vivo, then [paracrine signal-HS-oligosaccharide] complexes are potential therapeutic agents for clinical treatments of FLCs, an exciting prospect for a deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yongmei Xu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Glycan Therapeutics Corporation, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Guowei Su
- Glycan Therapeutics Corporation, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Eliane Wauthier
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Guoxiu Wu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Zhiying He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Glycan Therapeutics Corporation, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Lola M Reid
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Wei Y, Yang J, Feng X, Akhavan-Sigari R. Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Cell Proliferation in Human Gastric Cancer Drug-Resistant Cells After Hyperthermia and Cisplatin: Role of mRNAs and Long-Non-coding RNAs. THE TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF TURKISH SOCIETY OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2022; 33:377-386. [PMID: 35678795 PMCID: PMC11158417 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2022.20845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since thermo-chemotherapy was suggested as an effective treatment for gastric cancer, we aimed to evaluate the effects of hyperthermia combined with cisplatin (DDP) on the inhibition of human gastric cancer drug-resistant cells in vitro and explore its possible mechanisms. METHODS SGC-7901/DDP cells were cultured and divided into control, cisplatin, hyperthermia, and hyperthermia combined with cispla- tin groups. Hyperthermia was done at 42°C, 44°C, 46°C, 48°C, and 50°C for 12 h, 24 h, 36 h; 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl- 2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay detected the proliferation of SGC-7901/DDP at different time and temperature, and the apoptotic rate of SGC-7901/DDP cells was evaluated by using Annexin staining assay. High-throughput Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)- seq was applied to test long non-coding RNA expression in SGC-7901/DDP cells. Then, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the expression of long non-coding RNA in all groups. RESULTS Double staining showed that hyperthermia combined with cisplatin increased the rate of early apoptosis of SGC-7901/DDP cells. Long non-coding RNA high-throughput ChIP-seq showed a significantly larger amount of long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs in the cells treated with hyperthermia combined cisplatin group in comparison with the control group. We observed that the upregulated mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs were highly related to immune system response and CD95 signaling pathway in nucleus, and down- regulated mRNAs and long non-coding RNA were highly related to Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor signaling pathway in cytoplasm. CONCLUSION Hyperthermia combined with cisplatin reversed the expression of a large number of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in human gastric cancer drug-resistant cells. The molecular mechanism of inhibiting the proliferation of human gastric cancer drug- resistant cells may be related to the upregulation of long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs contributed in CD95, mTOR, and TNF receptor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangrao People’s Hospital, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shangrao People’s Hospital, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangrao People’s Hospital, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoke Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangrao People’s Hospital, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, China
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Pathology, Shangrao People’s Hospital, Jiangxi Province, China
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The Overexpression of TOB1 Induces Autophagy in Gastric Cancer Cells by Secreting Exosomes. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7925097. [PMID: 35465266 PMCID: PMC9019440 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7925097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously confirmed that transducer of ERBB2, 1 (TOB1) gene, can induce autophagy in gastric cancer cells. Studies have shown the biogenesis of exosomes overlaps with different autophagy processes, which helps to maintain the self-renewal and homeostasis of body cells. This study is aimed at verifying whether overexpressing TOB1 induces autophagy by secreting exosomes in gastric cancer cells and its underlying mechanisms. Differential ultracentrifugation was used to extracted the exosomes from the culture medium of gastric cancer cell line AGS-TOB1 ectopically overexpressing TOB1 (exo-AGS-TOB1, experimental group) and AGS-empty-vector cell line with low expression of endogenous TOB1 (exo-AGS-Vector, control group). Exosomal markers CD9 and TSG101 were determined in both the cell supernatants of exo-AGS-TOB1 and exo-AGS-Vector by Western blot. Under the transmission electron microscope (TEM), the exosomes were round and saucer-like vesicles with double-layer membrane structure, and the vesicles showed different translucency due to different contents. The peak size of exosomes detected by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) was about 100 nm. When the exosomes of exo-AGS-TOB1 and exo-AGS-Vector were cocultured with TOB1 knockdown gastric cancer cell line HGC-27-TOB1-6E12 for 48 hours, the conversion of autophagy-related protein LC3-I to LC3-II in HGC-27-TOB1-6E12 gastric cancer cells cocultured with exo-AGS-TOB1 was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I was statistically different (P < 0.05). More autophagosomes in HGC-27-TOB1-6E12 cells cocultured with exo-AGS-TOB1 for 48 hours were observed under TEM, while fewer autophagosomes were found in the control group. Lastly, miRNAs were differentially expressed by cell supernatant-exosomal whole transcriptome sequencing. Thus, our results provide new insights into TOB1-induced autophagy in gastric cancer.
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Hypoxia associated lncRNA HYPAL promotes proliferation of gastric cancer as ceRNA by sponging miR-431-5p to upregulate CDK14. Gastric Cancer 2022; 25:44-63. [PMID: 34247316 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-021-01213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant solid tumor that is characterized by high hypoxia. The transcription of genes associated with hypoxia affects tumor occurrence and development. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in cancer development. In this study, we screened for differentially expressed ncRNAs (non-coding RNA) and mRNAs between hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) knockdown GC cells and scrambled GC cells. Microarray data revealed that HIF-1α regulated the expression of LINC01355 (Hypoxia Yield Proliferation Associated LncRNA, HYPAL). HYPAL was found to be significantly upregulated in GC cells and tissues and was correlated with poor GC prognosis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays revealed that HIF-1α promoted HYPAL expression by binding the promoter region. A regulatory network for the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) was constructed using bioinformatics tools. Mechanistic studies revealed that HYPAL acted as a ceRNA of miR-431-5p to regulate CDK14 expression. Carcinogenic effects of HYPAL were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The HIF-1α/HYPAL/miR-431-5p/CDK14 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 14) axis activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and induced GC cell proliferation while inhibiting apoptosis. In conclusion, HYPAL is a potential molecular target for GC therapy.
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Jia G, Song Z, Xu Z, Tao Y, Wu Y, Wan X. Screening of gene markers related to the prognosis of metastatic skin cutaneous melanoma based on Logit regression and survival analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:96. [PMID: 33823876 PMCID: PMC8022370 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00923-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioinformatics was used to analyze the skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) gene expression profile to provide a theoretical basis for further studying the mechanism underlying metastatic SKCM and the clinical prognosis. METHODS We downloaded the gene expression profiles of 358 metastatic and 102 primary (nonmetastatic) CM samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database as a training dataset and the GSE65904 dataset from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database as a validation dataset. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the limma package of R3.4.1, and prognosis-related feature DEGs were screened using Logit regression (LR) and survival analyses. We also used the STRING online database, Cytoscape software, and Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery software for protein-protein interaction network, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses based on the screened DEGs. RESULTS Of the 876 DEGs selected, 11 (ZNF750, NLRP6, TGM3, KRTDAP, CAMSAP3, KRT6C, CALML5, SPRR2E, CD3G, RTP5, and FAM83C) were screened using LR analysis. The survival prognosis of nonmetastatic group was better compared to the metastatic group between the TCGA training and validation datasets. The 11 DEGs were involved in 9 KEGG signaling pathways, and of these 11 DEGs, CALML5 was a feature DEG involved in the melanogenesis pathway, 12 targets of which were collected. CONCLUSION The feature DEGs screened, such as CALML5, are related to the prognosis of metastatic CM according to LR. Our results provide new ideas for exploring the molecular mechanism underlying CM metastasis and finding new diagnostic prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Clinical Hospital of Jilin University, NO.218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Zheyu Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Zhonghang Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Youmao Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Yuanyu Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Wan
- Department of Brest Surgery, The Second Clinical Hospital of Jilin University, NO.218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China.
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