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Krokaitė E, Janulionienė R, Jocienė L, Rekašius T, Rajackaitė G, Paulauskas A, Marozas V, Kupčinskienė E. Relating Invasibility and Invasiveness: Case Study of Impatiens parviflora. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.845947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on alien species show that plant invasions are caused by a complex combination of characteristics of invasive species (invasiveness) and characteristics of invaded environment (invasibility). Impatiens parviflora is one of Europe’s top invasive species. The present study aimed to evaluate molecular diversity of populations of highly invasive in Lithuania I. parviflora by applying several DNA markers and relating genetic parameters to abiotic and biotic environment. For sampling, urban forests, riparian forests, and agrarian shrublands were selected. Three different DNA-based techniques, Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR), Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers, and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), were used for detecting genetic variation between 21 populations. All population individuals were monomorphic and homozygotic for four loci and heterozygotic for one locus by SSR analysis. Hierarchical analyses of molecular variance at ISSR and RAPD loci revealed significant differentiation of populations depending on geographic zones of the country. Bayesian Structure analyses of molecular data demonstrated existence of many genetic clusters and this finding is in support to multiple introduction of the species. The polymorphism extent at ISSR loci was positively correlated with the total coverage of herbaceous plant species. The coverage by I. parviflora was negatively correlated with the total number of herbaceous species and light in the sites. Our results indicate that Lithuanian sites with I. parviflora might be distinguished by high soil nutrient levels. According to the principal component analysis, the coverage by I. parviflora was a more important variable of populations compared to molecular data or parameters of abiotic environment. In conclusion, complexity of invasibility and invasiveness factors determine the variability of I. parviflora sites, including genetic traits, coverage of invasive species and conditions of environment that were significant and interrelated.
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Luo C, Huang W, Yer H, Kamuda T, Li X, Li Y, Rong Y, Yan B, Wen Y, Wang Q, Huang M, Huang H. Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Comparative Analyses of Three Ornamental Impatiens Species. Front Genet 2022; 13:816123. [PMID: 35432470 PMCID: PMC9006450 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.816123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Impatiens L., the largest genus in the family Balsaminaceae with approximately 1,000 species, is a controversial genus. Due to the conflict of morphological features and insufficient genomic resources, the studies of systematic evolution and understanding of taxonomic identification are considered to be very limited. Hence, we have sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes of three ornamental species (Impatiens balsamina, I. hawkeri, and I. walleriana), and compared them with previously published wild species data. We performed a detailed comparison of a highly similar basic structure, size, GC content, gene number, order, and functional array among them. Similarly, most divergent genes were detected from previous work in the literature. The mutational regions containing highly variable nucleotide hotspots were identified and may be used as potential markers for species identification and taxonomy. Furthermore, using whole chloroplast genome data to analysis the phylogenetic relationship of the Balsaminaceae species, we found that they were all part of a single clade. The three phenotypically different ornamental species were clustered together, suggesting that they were very likely to be closely related. We achieved and characterized the plastid genome structure, identified the divergence hotspots, and determined the phylogenetic and taxonomic positions of the three cultivated species in the Impatiens genus. The results may show that the chloroplast genome can be used to solve phylogenetic problems in or between the Impatiens genus and also provide genomic resources for the study of the Balsaminaceae family’s systematics and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Plant Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Wulue Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Huseyin Yer
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Plant Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Faculty of Forestry, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Troy Kamuda
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Plant Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuhong Rong
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Yan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Yonghui Wen
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Meijuan Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Meijuan Huang, ; Haiquan Huang,
| | - Haiquan Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Meijuan Huang, ; Haiquan Huang,
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Korpelainen H, Elshibli S. Assessment of genetic relationships among native and introduced Himalayan balsam ( Impatiens glandulifera) plants based on genome profiling. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:13295-13304. [PMID: 34646470 PMCID: PMC8495832 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted genomic characterization based on SNP and SilicoDArT markers on the invasive Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) plants originating from native and non-native regions of their distribution. When genetic relationships were explored by PCoA using SNP and SilicoDArT marker data, the first, second, and third principal coordinates explained altogether 37.4% and 31.0% of the variability, respectively. Samples from the UK, Canada, and Pakistan were grouped together, while Indian plants were clearly distinct based on SNP markers but relatively close to the UK-Canada-Pakistan group based on SilicoDArT markers. Constructed trees differentiated individuals into clusters resembling the PCoA patterns. The Bayesian BAPS analysis performed for the SNP data revealed that the individuals were distributed in seven clusters, representing samples from each of the four Finnish populations, India, Pakistan, and the combination of the UK and Canada. Similar clustering was visible in the UPGMA tree. The Indian cluster did not display any ancestral gene flow with the others, while the Pakistani cluster showed ancestral gene flow only with the combined UK and Canada cluster. Furthermore, the latter cluster displayed ancestral gene flow with the Finnish populations varying from 0% to 3.1%. The BAPS analyses conducted for the SilicoDArT data differ slightly: The individuals were distributed in nine clusters, and the Indian cluster exhibited ancestral gene flow with the mixed cluster including Canadian, Pakistani, and UK samples, and one Finnish sample. The AMOVA showed that 45% and 26% of variation was present among the I. glandulifera groups/populations and the rest within them based on SNP and SilicoDArT markers, respectively. The Bayesian BAPS analyses and the gene flow networks were the most informative tools for resolving relationships among native and introduced plants. It is notable that the small sample sizes for non-Finnish plant materials may affect the accuracy of the gene flow and other estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Korpelainen
- Department of Agricultural SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Sakina Elshibli
- Department of Agricultural SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
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Luo C, Huang W, Sun H, Yer H, Li X, Li Y, Yan B, Wang Q, Wen Y, Huang M, Huang H. Comparative chloroplast genome analysis of Impatiens species (Balsaminaceae) in the karst area of China: insights into genome evolution and phylogenomic implications. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:571. [PMID: 34303345 PMCID: PMC8310579 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impatiens L. is a genus of complex taxonomy that belongs to the family Balsaminaceae (Ericales) and contains approximately 1000 species. The genus is well known for its economic, medicinal, ornamental, and horticultural value. However, knowledge about its germplasm identification, molecular phylogeny, and chloroplast genomics is limited, and taxonomic uncertainties still exist due to overlapping morphological features and insufficient genomic resources. RESULTS We sequenced the chloroplast genomes of six different species (Impatiens chlorosepala, Impatiens fanjingshanica, Impatiens guizhouensis, Impatiens linearisepala, Impatiens loulanensis, and Impatiens stenosepala) in the karst area of China and compared them with those of six previously published Balsaminaceae species. We contrasted genomic features and repeat sequences, assessed sequence divergence and constructed phylogenetic relationships. Except for those of I. alpicola, I. pritzelii and I. glandulifera, the complete chloroplast genomes ranging in size from 151,366 bp (I. alpicola) to 154,189 bp (Hydrocera triflora) encoded 115 distinct genes [81 protein-coding, 30 transfer RNA (tRNA), and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes]. Moreover, the characteristics of the long repeat sequences and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were determined. psbK-psbI, trnT-GGU-psbD, rpl36-rps8, rpoB-trnC-GCA, trnK-UUU-rps16, trnQ-UUG, trnP-UGG-psaJ, trnT-UGU-trnL-UAA, and ycf4-cemA were identified as divergence hotspot regions and thus might be suitable for species identification and phylogenetic studies. Additionally, the phylogenetic relationships based on Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) of the whole chloroplast genomes showed that the chloroplast genome structure of I. guizhouensis represents the ancestral state of the Balsaminaceae family. CONCLUSION Our study provided detailed information about nucleotide diversity hotspots and the types of repeats, which can be used to develop molecular markers applicable to Balsaminaceae species. We also reconstructed and analyzed the relationships of some Impatiens species and assessed their taxonomic statuses based on the complete chloroplast genomes. Together, the findings of the current study might provide valuable genomic resources for systematic evolution of the Balsaminaceae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Plant Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Wulue Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Huayu Sun
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Plant Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Huseyin Yer
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Plant Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Bo Yan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Yonghui Wen
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Meijuan Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
| | - Haiquan Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
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Impacts of the Invasive Impatiens glandulifera: Lessons Learned from One of Europe's Top Invasive Species. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070619. [PMID: 34356476 PMCID: PMC8301180 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Plants and animals are a part of a larger system, commonly referred to as an ecosystem. This generally implies a balance existing between prey and predators. The unintentional introduction of a species in a new environment can lead to a significant alteration of the ecosystem(s) and the uncontrolled spread of the species. When this takes place, the introduced species is referred to as invasive. Invasives can affect the ecosystem in profound ways, and generally, negatively impacting on the native species. This manuscript reviewed the current knowledge of one of Europe’s top invasives, the Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera). It provides insights on the species and what have we learned from this invasive species. Abstract Biological invasions are renowned for their negative ecological and economic implications, however from studying invasions invaluable insights can be gained in the fields of ecology and evolution- potentially contributing towards conservation plans to deal, not only with biological invasion, but with other concerning issues, such as climate change. Impatiens glandulifera, or Himalayan balsam, is widely considered to be a highly problematic invasive, having spread across more than thirty countries during the past century. This paper will examine the findings which have arose from studying I. glandulifera and its impacts on the invaded ecosystem.
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