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Jiang A, Dong Y, Asitaiken J, Zhou S, Nie T, Wu Y, Liu Z, An S, Yang K. Response of soil fungal communities and their co-occurrence patterns to grazing exclusion in different grassland types. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1404633. [PMID: 39027108 PMCID: PMC11256198 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1404633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Overgrazing and climate change are the main causes of grassland degradation, and grazing exclusion is one of the most common measures for restoring degraded grasslands worldwide. Soil fungi can respond rapidly to environmental stresses, but the response of different grassland types to grazing control has not been uniformly determined. Three grassland types (temperate desert, temperate steppe grassland, and mountain meadow) that were closed for grazing exclusion for 9 years were used to study the effects of grazing exclusion on soil nutrients as well as fungal community structure in the three grassland types. The results showed that (1) in the 0-5 cm soil layer, grazing exclusion significantly affected the soil water content of the three grassland types (P < 0.05), and the pH, total phosphorous (TP), and nitrogen-to-phosphorous ratio (N/P) changed significantly in all three grassland types (P < 0.05). Significant changes in soil nutrients in the 5-10 cm soil layer after grazing exclusion occurred in the mountain meadow grasslands (P < 0.05), but not in the temperate desert and temperate steppe grasslands. (2) For the different grassland types, Archaeorhizomycetes was most abundant in the montane meadows, and Dothideomycetes was most abundant in the temperate desert grasslands and was significantly more abundant than in the remaining two grassland types (P < 0.05). Grazing exclusion led to insignificant changes in the dominant soil fungal phyla and α diversity, but significant changes in the β diversity of soil fungi (P < 0.05). (3) Grazing exclusion areas have higher mean clustering coefficients and modularity classes than grazing areas. In particular, the highest modularity class is found in temperate steppe grassland grazing exclusion areas. (4) We also found that pH is the main driving factor affecting soil fungal community structure, that plant coverage is a key environmental factor affecting soil community composition, and that grazing exclusion indirectly affects soil fungal communities by affecting soil nutrients. The above results suggest that grazing exclusion may regulate microbial ecological processes by changing the soil fungal β diversity in the three grassland types. Grazing exclusion is not conducive to the recovery of soil nutrients in areas with mountain grassland but improves the stability of soil fungi in temperate steppe grassland. Therefore, the type of degraded grassland should be considered when formulating suitable restoration programmes when grazing exclusion measures are implemented. The results of this study provide new insights into the response of soil fungal communities to grazing exclusion, providing a theoretical basis for the management of degraded grassland restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjing Jiang
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Yiqiang Dong
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Ürümqi, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Julihaiti Asitaiken
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Shijie Zhou
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Tingting Nie
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Shazhou An
- College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Ürümqi, China
| | - Kailun Yang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Bereczki K, Tóth EG, Szili-Kovács T, Megyes M, Korponai K, Lados BB, Illés G, Benke A, Márialigeti K. Soil Parameters and Forest Structure Commonly Form the Microbiome Composition and Activity of Topsoil Layers in Planted Forests. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1162. [PMID: 38930544 PMCID: PMC11205539 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil bacterial communities play a remarkable role in nutrient cycling, significantly affecting soil organic material content, soil fertility, and, in an indirect way, plant succession processes. Conversely, vegetation type influences microbial soil life. The present study compared the bacterial microbiome composition, diversity and catabolic activity profile of topsoil samples collected under three different forest types (a twice-coppiced black locust stand, a young, naturally reforested, and a middle-aged mixed pedunculate oak stand) planted on former arable land in the early 20th century. Diversity indices determined during 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing-based metagenome analysis indicated that the black locust stand had the highest soil bacterial community diversity. At the phylum level, Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Bacteroidota, and Gemmatimonadota were the most abundant taxa in the forest soils. Concerning soil parameters, redundancy analysis revealed that pH had the highest impact on bacterial community structure and pH, and soil organic carbon content on the samples' respiration patterns. As for catabolic activity, the recently clearcut oak forest showed the lowest substrate-induced respiration, and citrate was the main driver for the inter-stand variability of microbial activity. Our results confirm that soil parameters and forest type influence the composition and functioning of the soil bacterial microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Bereczki
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Forest Management and Ecology, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, 9600 Sárvár, Hungary;
| | - Endre György Tóth
- National Coalition of Independent Scholars (NCIS), Brattleboro, VT 05301, USA;
| | - Tibor Szili-Kovács
- Institute for Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, 1022 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Melinda Megyes
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Kristóf Korponai
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary;
| | - Botond Boldizsár Lados
- Department of Forestry Breeding, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, 9600 Sárvár, Hungary; (B.B.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Gábor Illés
- Department of Forest Management and Ecology, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, 9600 Sárvár, Hungary;
| | - Attila Benke
- Department of Forestry Breeding, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, 9600 Sárvár, Hungary; (B.B.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Károly Márialigeti
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
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Ding C, Zhang W, Wang Y, Ding M, Wang X, Li A, Liang D, Su X. Study on the differences of phyllosphere microorganisms between poplar hybrid offspring and their parents. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12915. [PMID: 35310169 PMCID: PMC8932310 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The females and males of dioecious plants have evolved sex-specific characteristics in terms of their morphological and physiological properties. However, the differentiation of phyllosphere microorganism of dioecious plants between parents and hybrid offspring remain largely unexplored. Here, the phyllosphere bacterial and fungal community diversity and composition of female (Populus nigra 'DH5' (PNDH5)), male (P. simonii 'DH4' (PSDH4)), and the hybrid offspring (P. simonii × P. nigra 'DH1' (PSPNDH1), P. simonii × P. nigra 'DH2' (PSPNDH2), P. simonii × P. nigra 'DH3' (PSPNDH3)) were investigated using 16S rDNA/ITS rDNA gene-based Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencing. There was considerable variation of plant height, diameter at breast height, leaf area, length of petioles, leaf moisture content, and starch among different samples, and PSDH2 owned the highest plant height, diameter at breast height, and length of petioles. No distinct differences of phyllosphere bacterial community diversity were observed among PSDH4, PNDH5, PSPNDH1, PSPNDH2, and PSPNDH3; while, PSPNDH2 owned the highest fungal Pielou_e index, Shannon index, and Simpson index. Firmicutes and Ascomycota were the predominant phyllosphere bacterial and fungal community at the phylum level, respectively. Bacilli and Gammaproteobacteria were the two most dominant bacterial classes regardless of parent and the hybrid offspring. The predominant phyllosphere fungal community was Dothideomycetes at the class level. The NMDS demonstrated that phyllosphere microbial community obviously differed between parents and offspring, while the phyllosphere microbial community presented some similarities under different hybrid progeny. Also, leaf characteristics contributed to the differentiation of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities between parents and hybrid offspring. These results highlighted the discrimination of phyllosphere microorganisms on parent and hybrid offspring, which provided clues to potential host-related species in the phyllosphere environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Weixi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojiang Wang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Aiping Li
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Dejun Liang
- Liaoning Provincial Poplar Institute, Gaizhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaohua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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Xiao F, Li Y, Li G, He Y, Lv X, Zhuang L, Pu X. High throughput sequencing-based analysis of the soil bacterial community structure and functions of Tamarix shrubs in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12105. [PMID: 34589303 PMCID: PMC8434807 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamarix is a dominant species in the Tarim River Basin, the longest inland river in China. Tamarix plays an important role in the ecological restoration of this region. In this study, to investigate the soil bacterial community diversity in Tamarix shrubs, we collected soil samples from the inside and edge of the canopy and the edge of nebkhas and non-nebkhas Tamarix shrubs located near the Yingsu section in the lower reaches of Tarim River. High throughput sequencing technology was employed to discern the composition and function of soil bacterial communities in nebkhas and non-nebkhas Tamarix shrubs. Besides, the physicochemical properties of soil and the spatial distribution characteristics of soil bacteria and their correlation were analyzed. The outcomes of this analysis demonstrated that different parts of Tamarix shrubs had significantly different effects on soil pH, total K (TK), available K (AK), ammonium N (NH4+), and available P (AP) values (P < 0.05), but not on soil moisture (SWC), total salt (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), total N (TN), total P (TP), and nitrate N (NO3−) values. The soil bacterial communities identified in Tamarix shrubs were categorized into two kingdoms, 71 phyla, 161 classes, 345 orders, 473 families, and 702 genera. Halobacterota, unidentified bacteria, and Proteobacteria were found to be dominant phyla. The correlation between the soil physicochemical factors and soil bacterial community was analyzed, and as per the outcomes OM, AK, AP, EC, and NH4+ were found to primarily affect the structure of the soil bacterial community. SWC, TK and pH were positively correlated with each other, but negatively correlated with other soil factors. At the phyla level, a significantly positive correlation was observed between the Halobacterota and AP, OM as well as Bacteroidota and AK (P < 0.01), but a significantly negative correlation was observed between the Chloroflexi and AK, EC (P < 0.01). The PICRUSt software was employed to predict the functional genes. A total of 6,195 KEGG ortholog genes were obtained. The function of soil bacteria was annotated, and six metabolic pathways in level 1, 41 metabolic pathways in level 2, and 307 metabolic pathways in level 3 were enriched, among which the functional gene related to metabolism, genetic information processing, and environmental information processing was found to have the dominant advantage. The results showed that the nebkhas and canopy of Tamarix shrubs had a certain enrichment effect on soil nutrients content, and bacterial abundance and significant effects on the structure and function of the soil bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangnan Xiao
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guifang Li
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yaling He
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xinhua Lv
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li Zhuang
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaozhen Pu
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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