A Clinical Study of the Evaluation and Assessment of the Etiology and Patterns of Ocular Injuries in Midfacial Trauma in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Evaluation of Complications of Midface Fracture Including the Orbital Floor

Background

Choosing an appropriate course of treatment for midface fracture can be challenging due to the variable presentations of midfacial fractures and concurrent orbital floor injuries.

Objectives

To evaluate complications of midface fracture including the orbital floor.

Materials and Methods

It was a cross-sectional study carried out on 456 patients diagnosed with midface fracture, including the orbital floor, clinically and radiographically. The computed tomography radiograph of each study participant was evaluated. There was a thorough clinical assessment of each study participant.

Results

There were complications like laceration (47.3%), hematoma (54.2%), infraorbital nerve paraesthesia (13.05%), Contusio bulbi (13.30%), and diplopia (13.35%). No complications were observed in 8.25% of study participants. The most common complication was laceration.

Conclusion

The eyeball, orbit, soft tissues, and surrounding structures should be precisely examined clinically and radiologically in midface fractures.

The Pattern of Midface Fractures in Jordan: A Retrospective Review of Medical Records

Introduction

Midface fracture incidence and trauma patterns vary across countries, due to socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural factors. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the etiology, pattern, and treatment of midface fractures in North of Jordan during 2018-2021.

Methods

This single-center retrospective study was based on the review of the medical records of patients who had suffered midface fractures and were treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the King Abdullah University Hospital. The dataset for this investigation spanned the 4-year period from January 2018 to December 2021.

Results

During the 4-year period, 267 patients presented with 376 different maxillofacial fractures. Of those, 140 patients had 250 midface fractures, with a mean of 1.79 per patient. Their age ranged from 2 to 68 years (mean [standard deviation] = 25.8 [12.0] years). The most frequent injury cause was road traffic accidents (RTA) (n = 72, 51.3%), followed by falls (n = 27, 19.3%). Among midface fractures, the most frequent were orbit fractures (42.4%), followed by zygomatic fractures (31.6%) and maxillary fractures (26%). The majority of fractures (77.9%) were treated through open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), while the remaining (15.7%) required closed reduction and conservative treatment was sufficient in 6.43% of fractures.

Conclusions

Midface fractures were more common among males, and primarily occurred in the orbital floor due to the high incidence of RTAs. Maxillary fractures were mostly of the LeFort I Type and ORIF was the most common treatment modality.