|
1
|
Safeek RH, Ching J, Chim H, Satteson E. The Role of Plastic Surgeons in Addressing Firearm Morbidity and Mortality. Cureus 2023; 15:e36414. [PMID: 37090311 PMCID: PMC10115152 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Firearm injuries are now the leading cause of pediatric mortality in the United States. With the number of firearm injuries increasing at an alarming rate, the American Medical Association (AMA) declared firearm violence a public health crisis. In response to this emerging public health issue, the American College of Surgeons (ACS) developed the STOP THE BLEED training to educate laypersons on how to mitigate acute hemorrhage following gunshot wounds (GSWs) and other ballistic injuries. Stabilization of patients following GSWs is often handled by a multidisciplinary team of trauma and reconstructive surgeons. Here, we describe the history and ongoing role of reconstructive surgeons in preventing and addressing firearm morbidity and mortality. Hand surgeons are uniquely positioned to counsel patients on firearm safety, e.g., educating patients on proper firearm storage away from minors in the home, in an effort to mitigate accidental firearm injury to the upper extremity. As the evolving climate of firearm violence continues to rise, plastic and reconstructive surgeons will continue to play a critical role in restoring form and function among patients afflicted with GSWs.
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Brauner E, Laudoni F, Amelina G, Cantore M, Armida M, Bellizzi A, Pranno N, De Angelis F, Valentini V, Di Carlo S. Dental Management of Maxillofacial Ballistic Trauma. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060934. [PMID: 35743719 PMCID: PMC9225066 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillofacial ballistic trauma represents a devastating functional and aesthetic trauma. The extensive damage to soft and hard tissue is unpredictable, and because of the diversity and the complexity of these traumas, a systematic algorithm is essential. This study attempts to define the best management of maxillofacial ballistic injuries and to describe a standardized, surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation protocol from the first emergency stage up until the complete aesthetic and functional rehabilitation. In low-velocity ballistic injuries (bullet speed <600 m/s), the wound is usually less severe and not-fatal, and the management should be based on early and definitive surgery associated with reconstruction, followed by oral rehabilitation. High-velocity ballistic injuries (bullet speed >600 m/s) are associated with an extensive hard and soft tissue disruption, and the management should be based on a three-stage reconstructive algorithm: debridement and fixation, reconstruction, and final revision. Rehabilitating a patient with ballistic trauma is a multi-step challenging treatment procedure that requires a long time and a multidisciplinary team to ensure successful results. The prosthodontic treatment outcome is one of the most important parameters by which a patient measures the restoration of aesthetic, functional, and psychological deficits. This study is a retrospective review: twenty-two patients diagnosed with outcomes of ballistic traumas were identified from the department database, and eleven patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Brauner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
- Implanto-Prosthetic Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 287b, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Laudoni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
| | - Giulia Amelina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Cantore
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
| | - Matteo Armida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
| | - Andrea Bellizzi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
| | - Nicola Pranno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
| | - Francesca De Angelis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
| | - Valentino Valentini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
- Oncological and Reconstructive Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Carlo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (F.L.); (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.); (F.D.A.); (V.V.); (S.D.C.)
- Implanto-Prosthetic Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 287b, 00161 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|