1
|
Yang Y, Zeng Q, Hu G, Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhou L, He A, Qian W, Luo Y, Li G. Distribution of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance among Patients with Burn Injuries in China: A Comprehensive Research Synopsis and Meta-Analysis. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:1291-1313. [PMID: 38720132 PMCID: PMC11128432 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-00983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade, numerous studies have described the types of pathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns in patients with burn injuries in China; however, the findings have generally been inconsistent. We conducted a literature search and meta-analysis to summarize the infection spectra and antimicrobial resistance patterns in patients with burn injuries. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature, Wanfang, and Weipu databases for relevant articles published between January 2010 and December 2023. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model was used to estimate the proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of pathogens among Chinese patients with burn injuries. Meta-regression analyses were performed to explore differences in the proportions of pathogens among different subgroups and their resistance patterns. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024514386). RESULTS The database searches yielded 2017 records; after removing duplicates and conducting initial screening, 219 articles underwent full-text screening. Ultimately, 60 studies comprising a total of 62,819 isolated strains reported the proportions of pathogens in patients with burn injuries and were included in this meta-analysis. Meta-analyses were conducted on 18 types of pathogens. The most common pathogens causing infections in Chinese patients with burn injuries were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Similar results were observed in the subgroup analysis focusing on wound infections. Since 2015, there has been a significant decrease in the proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (R2 = 4.89%) and a significant increase in the proportion of Klebsiella pneumoniae (R2 = 9.60%). In terms of antibiotic resistance, there has been a significant decrease in the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to multiple antibiotics and an increasing trend in the resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae. CONCLUSIONS We systematically summarized the epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogens among individuals suffering from burns in China, thus providing guidance for controlling wound infections and promoting optimal empirical antimicrobial therapy. The observed high levels of antibiotic resistance underscore the need for ongoing monitoring of antibiotic usage trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qingling Zeng
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Guangyun Hu
- School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhenkun Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100042, China
| | - Zongyue Chen
- School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lang Zhou
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100042, China
| | - Aibo He
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100042, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yu Luo
- School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Gaoming Li
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100042, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Polse RF, Khalid HM, Mero WMS. Distribution of bla OXA-10, bla PER-1, and bla SHV genes in ESBL-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from burn patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18402. [PMID: 37884651 PMCID: PMC10603109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant to a wide range of extended spectrum-lactamases (ESBLs) antibiotics because it produces several kinds of ESBLs. The goal of the current investigation was to identify the bacteria that produce extended spectrum -lactamases and the genes that encode three different ESBLs, such as blaOXA-10, blaPER-1 and blaSHV genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients. In this investigation, 71 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were isolated from burn wounds in Burn and Plastic Surgery Hospital, Duhok City between July 2021 to June 2022. For the purpose of finding the blaOXA-10, blaPER-1, and blaSHV ESBL expressing genes, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used. Among 71 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, 26.36% (29/71) were isolated from males and 38.18% (42/71) from females, and 76.06% (54/71) of the isolates were multidrug resistant. They exhibited higher resistance against Piperacillin with resistance rates of 98.59%. Among the ESBL-producing isolates tested, blaOXA-10 was found in 59.26% (32), blaPER-1 was found in 44.44% (24), and blaSHV was found in 11.11% (6). All isolates must undergo antimicrobial susceptibility testing because only a few numbers of the available antibiotics are effective for the treatment of this bacterium. This will prevent the development of resistance in burn units and aids in the management of the treatment plan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem F Polse
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Zakho, 42002, Iraq.
| | - Haval M Khalid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Zakho, 42002, Iraq
| | - Wijdan M S Mero
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Zakho, 42002, Iraq
- College of Science, Nawroz University, Kurdistan Region, Duhok, 42001, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gaffari J, Akbarzadeh K, Baniardalani M, Hosseini R, Masoumi S, Amiri ZS, Shabani Kordshouli R, Rafinejad J, Dahmardehei M. Larval therapy vs conventional silver dressings for full-thickness burns: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Med 2023; 21:361. [PMID: 37726738 PMCID: PMC10510148 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the first clinical trial to investigate the effectiveness of maggot debridement therapy (MDT) for full-thickness burn injuries in comparison to conventional silver dressings. METHODS Thirty-one cases with full-thickness (grade III based on ICD-10 classifications version 2019) burns were assigned into larval therapy (15 cases) and conventional treatment (16 cases) groups. Participants in the MDT group have received loose larvae on days 0, 2, 4, and 6, while controls received a conventional regimen comprised of sharp debridement, silver sulfadiazine, antibiotic therapy, and offloading every day. The primary and secondary outcomes were defined as the time to debridement (from admission to skin autograft) and time to healing (from admission to complete healing post-skin autograft). Patients in two groups were also compared in terms of necrosis resolution, granulation, and granulation/necrosis (g/n) ratio during study time periods. RESULTS Participants who received larvae had significantly decreased necrosis on days 2 (p = 0.028) and 4 (p = 0.023) compared to those who received control treatment. Significant differences (p < 0.001) were also observed for granulation between the two groups in favor of MDT and the fold changes of g/n in the larvae group were 5, 15, and 13 times higher than that for the conventional regimen on days 2, 4, and 6 of treatment, respectively. Strikingly, a subgroup analysis of high necrotic burns (necrosis > 50%) revealed a significant improvement (p < 0.001) for MDT compared to the control treatment. There were also significant differences (p < 0.001) for the time to debridement and time to healing between the two groups. However, bacterial contamination did not show significant changes between the two treatment regimens. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that MDT has a favorable superiority over conventional regimen for the treatment of grade-III burns, and thus further clinical trials with larger sample size are warranted to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasem Gaffari
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Baniardalani
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseini
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safdar Masoumi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Amiri
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Shabani Kordshouli
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Rafinejad
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Al-Ani FW, Fahad HM. Detection of the Level of Interleukin-8 in the Serum of Burn Patients by ELISA Technique. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2023; 78:1087-1093. [PMID: 38028842 PMCID: PMC10657942 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2022.359993.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Burn injuries are the most frequent injuries in the world, with a death rate of 2.3-3.6%. Children and people of working age constitute 85-90% of the burn cases. Burn injury results in metabolic problems, a generalized inflammatory response, inefficient energy use, and other physiological alternations that may cause organ and system dysfunction and sepsis. Sepsis is mostly caused by multiple organ failures and has unique characteristics in burn injuries, which make it the most dangerous complication of burn injuries. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between sepsis in burn patients and the level of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in their serum. In total, 60 patients with burn injuries were included in this study. Blood samples were obtained from 60 burn patients and 30 healthy individuals as controls. The BacT/Alert and Vitek2 systems were used to identify the bacteria and determine their susceptibility to these bacteria. Moreover, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine IL-8 serum levels. Based on the results, elevated levels of IL-8 were observed in the serum of burn patients, compared to healthy individuals. Concentration of IL-8 was significantly higher in patients with sepsis, compared to healthy individuals without sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F W Al-Ani
- Specialized Burns Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - H M Fahad
- College of Medicine, AL-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Muacevic A, Adler JR. Pediatric First-Degree Burn Management With Honey and 1% Silver Sulfadiazine (Ag-SD): Comparison and Contrast. Cureus 2022; 14:e32842. [PMID: 36570107 PMCID: PMC9779910 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cardinal area of managing fire wounds is guided by adequately evaluating the burn-induced lesion's profundity and size. Superficial second-degree burns are often treated through daily reinstating with fresh sterile bandaging with appropriate topical antimicrobials to allow rapid spontaneous epithelialization. Around the world, a wide variety of substances are used to treat these wounds, from honey to synthetic biological dressings. Objective This study intended to determine honey's therapeutic potential compared with 1% silver sulfadiazine (Ag-SD) in arsenal-caused contusion medicament fulfillment. Methods A total of 70 cases were evaluated in this research work after fulfilling the required selection criteria during the study period of January 2014 to December 2014 and January 2017 to December 2017. Purposive selection criteria were adopted in the study to select research patients. The patients in Group-1 (n = 35) relied on honey as medication, while patients in Group-2 (n = 35) relied on 1% Ag-SD. Results In Group-1, exudation (68.4%) and sloughing (82.9%) were substantially reduced by Days 3 and 5 of therapeutic intervention, respectively. However, in Group-2, a reduction of exudation (17.1%) and sloughing (22.9%) occurred after Days 3 and 5 of treatment, respectively. Completion of the epithelialization process was observed among Group-1 and Group-2 cases. It was detected after Days 7 and 10 of treatment at 36.3% and 77% (Group-1) and 27% and 67% (Group-2), respectively. Around 3 ml of 1% honey was required per body surface area per dressing in Group-1. On the other hand, in Group-2, 2 gm Ag-SD was needed per body surface area per dressing. Conclusion Patients treated with honey found better clinical outcomes in managing superficial partial-thickness burns.
Collapse
|
6
|
Jin R, Yang M, Weng T, Shao J, Xia S, Han C, Wang X. Epidemiology and Early Bacteriology of Extremely Severe Burns from an LPG Tanker Explosion in Eastern China. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2022; 12:478-485. [PMID: 36166166 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-022-00066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-related accidents in China has increased over the recent years. In addition, infection remains a big challenge in cases of severe burns. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide valuable information for a better control of infections in the event of such disasters. In this study, a total of 16 patients who suffered extremely severe burns after an LPG tanker explosion were included. Thereafter, bacteriological culture results were collected within a week. Of 16 patients, 13 (81.25%) were male and the average age of all patients was 60.63 years. In addition, the mean burned area was 83.03% TBSA. Additionally, a total of 553 organism cultures were conducted out of which 287 isolates (51.90%) showed positive results. Notably, 38.52% were Gram-negative bacteria, 7.59% were Gram-positive bacteria and 5.79% were fungi. Moreover, the most prevalent Gram-negative bacteria were Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (28.97%) followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (28.53%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.02%). On the other hand, the three most predominant Gram-positive bacteria were Enterococcus faecalis (33.33%), Staphylococcus aureus (28.89%) and Staphylococcus sciuri (17.78%). Furthermore, the most common fungi included Candida (38.24%), Fusarium (20.59%) and Aspergillus fumigatus (14.71%). With regard to the bacterial resistance patterns, carbapenem-resistant organisms included Acinetobacter baumannii (97.80%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (67.57%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (75.56%). In addition, Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were identified to be methicillin-resistant. This study revealed that there was a high incidence of infection in victims of severe burns as a result of mass burn accidents, accompanied by early fungal infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Jin
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Weng
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Shao
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sizhan Xia
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunmao Han
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zheng X, Chen L, Zeng W, Liao W, Wang Z, Tian X, Fang R, Sun Y, Zhou T. Antibacterial and Anti-biofilm Efficacy of Chinese Dragon's Blood Against Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Infected Wounds. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:672943. [PMID: 34149659 PMCID: PMC8213214 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.672943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese dragon’s blood (CDB), a characteristic red resin, is an important traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and empiric therapy of infected wounds with CDB is performed in clinical settings. For the first time, we herein report the antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy of CDB against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, growth curve assay, time-kill curve assay, crystal violet biofilm assay, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, cell membrane tests, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used for this purpose. The results suggested that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of CDB against S. aureus ranged from 32 to 128 μg/mL. Growth curves and time-kill curves confirmed that CDB could inhibit the growth of S. aureus. The biofilm formation ability and the expression levels of saeR, saeS, and hla of S. aureus in the presence and absence of CDB were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The results of SEM analysis and cell membrane tests revealed that exposure to CDB had some destructive effects on S. aureus cells. In conclusion, CDB exhibits positive antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Moreover, CDB could reduce the biofilm formation and the virulence factors of S. aureus by downregulating the expression levels of saeR, saeS, and hla genes. These findings indicated that CDB has immense potential to serve as a viable alternative for the treatment of infected wounds caused by S. aureus in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkuo Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lijiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Zeng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenli Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongyong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuebin Tian
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Renchi Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tieli Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shariati A, Moradabadi A, Ghaznavi-Rad E, Dadmanesh M, Komijani M, Nojoomi F. Investigation into antibacterial and wound healing properties of platelets lysate against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2021; 20:40. [PMID: 34044843 PMCID: PMC8161565 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Treatment of burn wound infections has become a global challenge due to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria; therefore, the development of new treatment options for the mentioned infections is essential. Platelets have drawn much attention for this purpose because they are a safe and cost-effective source of different antimicrobial peptides and growth factors. The present study evaluated antibacterial effects and wound healing properties of Platelet-derived Biomaterial (PdB) against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections. Methods PdB was prepared through the freezing and thawing process and then, in vitro antibacterial effect was determined by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Afterward, burn wound was inflicted on 56 rats, infected with both bacteria, and topical administration was performed to evaluate antibacterial effects and wound healing properties of PdB. Results In vitro results showed that PdB inhibited the growth of A. baumannii in the highest dose (0.5), while we did not detect any inhibitory effects against K. pneumoniae. By contrast, PdB significantly inhibited the growth of bacteria in treated animal wounds compared to the control groups (P value < 0.05). Macroscopic assessments pointed to the significant enhancement of wound closure in the treated animals. In addition, histopathological examination demonstrated that treatment of rats with PdB led to a considerable increase in re-epithelialization and attenuated the formation of granulation tissue (P value < 0.05). Conclusion The use of topical PdB is an attractive strategy for treating A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae burn wound infections because it inhibits bacterial growth and promotes wound healing properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Dadmanesh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Majid Komijani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran
| | - Farshad Nojoomi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Emami A, Pirbonyeh N, Keshavarzi A, Javanmardi F, Moradi Ghermezi S, Ghadimi T. Three Year Study of Infection Profile and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern from Burn Patients in Southwest Iran. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:1499-1506. [PMID: 32547119 PMCID: PMC7246306 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s249160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Burn wound infections, as one of the most important risk factors, cause serious complications in burns. Hence, the focus of medical care should be preventing infections and resistant isolates. The current study investigates the prevalence of infectious agents and antimicrobial resistance patterns during three years. Materials and Methods A total of 960 isolates were collected from different sample kinds cultured for 615 burn patients who were hospitalized during January 2016 to December 2018 in Amir-Al-Momenin Burn Center. The type of microorganism and their antibiotic resistance patterns were identified by microbiological tests and the standard disk-diffusion method according to the introduced standard techniques. Results Incidence of positive growth was seen more in males than in females. Most of the burns encountered were due to flame injuries (35.4%). Based on the diversity of bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent pathogen (49.9%), followed by Klebsiella sp. (9.7%), Acinetobacter sp. (7.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (6.5%). The trend of resistance of meropenem was declining in P. aeruginosa isolates. Klebsiella sp. as the second most prevalent agent showed a high level of resistance to the studied antibiotics. The antibiogram results for S. aureus isolates showed an increasing trend in MRSA isolates. Conclusion By evaluating the infectious agent, it was found that although frequencies of microorganisms and resistant isolates were a little high, performing a multidisciplinary approach controls the trend during the study period. These achievements have been gained due to a strict politicized infection control and stewardship program in the appointed burn center.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Emami
- Microbiology Department, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Neda Pirbonyeh
- Microbiology Department, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi
- Surgery Department, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Javanmardi
- Microbiology Department, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Moradi Ghermezi
- Microbiology Department, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tayyeb Ghadimi
- Burn Research Center, Surgery Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ribeiro DML, Carvalho Júnior AR, Vale de Macedo GHR, Chagas VL, Silva LDS, Cutrim BDS, Santos DM, Soares BLL, Zagmignan A, de Miranda RDCM, de Albuquerque PBS, Nascimento da Silva LC. Polysaccharide-Based Formulations for Healing of Skin-Related Wound Infections: Lessons from Animal Models and Clinical Trials. Biomolecules 2019; 10:E63. [PMID: 31905975 PMCID: PMC7022374 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin injuries constitute a gateway for pathogenic bacteria that can be either part of tissue microbiota or acquired from the environmental. These microorganisms (such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) produce virulence factors that impair tissue integrity and sustain the inflammatory phase leading for establishment of chronic wounds. The high levels of antimicrobial resistance have limited the therapeutic arsenal for combatting skin infections. Thus, the treatment of non-healing chronic wounds is a huge challenge for health services worldwide, imposing great socio-economic damage to the affected individuals. This scenario has encouraged the use of natural polymers, such as polysaccharide, in order to develop new formulations (membranes, nanoparticles, hydrogels, scaffolds) to be applied in the treatment of skin infections. In this non-exhaustive review, we discuss the applications of polysaccharide-based formulations in the healing of infected wounds in animal models and clinical trials. The formulations discussed in this review were prepared using alginate, cellulose, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid. In addition to have healing actions per se, these polysaccharide formulations can act as transdermal drug delivery systems, controlling the release of active ingredients (such as antimicrobial and healing agents). The papers show that these polysaccharides-based formulations are efficient in controlling infection and improve the healing, even in chronic infected wounds. These data should positively impact the design of new dressings to treat skin infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Alexsander Rodrigues Carvalho Júnior
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Gustavo Henrique Rodrigues Vale de Macedo
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Vitor Lopes Chagas
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Lucas dos Santos Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Brenda da Silva Cutrim
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Deivid Martins Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Bruno Luis Lima Soares
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Adrielle Zagmignan
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | - Rita de Cássia Mendonça de Miranda
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| | | | - Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão 65075–120, Brazil; (D.M.L.R.); (A.R.C.J.); (G.H.R.V.d.M.); (V.L.C.); (L.d.S.S.); (B.d.S.C.); (D.M.S.); (B.L.L.S.); (A.Z.); (R.d.C.M.d.M.)
| |
Collapse
|