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Tani K, Kanamori M, Nagase Y, Okura Y, Kawaminami S, Kawahito K, Inaba K, Inaba K, Miyatake A, Kondo K, Tabata R, Suzuki Y, Yamaguchi H. Past infections are associated with low levels of anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2021; 67:182-188. [PMID: 32378604 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.67.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Background : Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, is believed to occur as the result of actions of genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we examined the relation of past histories about infectious diseases with the levels anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA) in RA. Methods : Results of a questionnaire about histories of infectious diseases were obtained from 85 patients with RA, and were analyzed. Results : Significantly lower level of ACPA was detected in patients with the history of tonsillitis, otitis media or urinary cystitis than in those without it. There was no difference in the level of ACPA in RA patients between with and without cold / influenza, rubella, chickenpox, herpes labialis or herpes zoster. When RA patients were divided into two groups, high-level and low-level ACPA, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the history of otitis media was a significantly independent factor for the low level of ACPA. There was no significant relation between the level of rheumatoid factor and histories of infectious diseases. Conclusion : This study clarified that the past history of otitis media is associated with the low level of ACPA in RA. J. Med. Invest. 67 : 182-188, February, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Tani
- General Medicine and Primary Care, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Minaho Kanamori
- Student Lab, The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nagase
- Student Lab, The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Okura
- General Medicine and Primary Care, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shingo Kawaminami
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | - Kaori Inaba
- Yoshinogawa Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan.,Tokushima Prefectural Central Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Keisuke Kondo
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ryo Tabata
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Suzuki
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Harutaka Yamaguchi
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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Rok J, Rzepka Z, Beberok A, Pawlik J, Wrześniok D. Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Anti-Melanoma Effect of Minocycline-A Study of Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis on Human Melanotic Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6917. [PMID: 32967177 PMCID: PMC7555712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Minocycline is a tetracycline compound with pleiotropic pharmacological properties. In addition to its antibacterial action, it shows many non-antimicrobial effects, including an anti-cancer activity. The anti-cancer action was confirmed in studies on ovarian carcinoma cells, hepatocellular carcinoma cells, glioma cells, or acute myeloid leukemia cells. Malignant melanoma remains a serious medical problem despite the extensive knowledge of the disease. The low effectiveness of the standard treatment, as well as the resistance to therapy, result in high mortality rates. This work aimed to investigate the potential and mechanisms of anti-melanoma action of minocycline. Human skin melanotic melanoma cell line COLO 829 was used in the study. The obtained results showed that minocycline decreased cell viability and inhibited the growth of melanoma cells, proportional to the drug concentration as well as to the time of incubation. The EC50 values were calculated to be 78.6 µM, 31.7 µM, and 13.9 µM for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, respectively. It was observed that treated cells had a disturbed cell cycle and significantly changed morphology. Moreover, minocycline caused a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in cells with a low level of reduced thiols. Finally, it was found that the anti-melanoma effect of minocycline was related to the induction of apoptosis. The drug activated caspases 8, 9, and 3/7 as well as increased the number of annexin V-positive cells. The presented results show that minocycline possesses anti-melanoma potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Rok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (Z.R.); (A.B.); (J.P.); (D.W.)
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Interactions between Gut Microbiota and Immunomodulatory Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:1430605. [PMID: 32963490 PMCID: PMC7499318 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1430605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases caused by abnormal immune activation and immune tolerance. Immunomodulatory cells (ICs) play a critical role in the maintenance and homeostasis of normal immune function and in the pathogenesis of RA. The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by trillions of commensal microbiota on the mucosal surface that play a fundamental role in the induction, maintenance, and function of the host immune system. Gut microbiota dysbiosis can impact both the local and systemic immune systems and further contribute to various diseases, such as RA. The neighbouring intestinal ICs located in distinct intestinal mucosa may be the most likely intermediary by which the gut microbiota can affect the occurrence and development of RA. However, the reciprocal interaction between the components of the gut microbiota and their microbial metabolites with distinct ICs and how this interaction may impact the development of RA are not well studied. Therefore, a better understanding of the gut microbiota, ICs, and their interactions might improve our knowledge of the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota contribute to RA and facilitate the further development of novel therapeutic approaches. In this review, we have summarized the roles of the gut microbiota in the immunopathogenesis of RA, especially the interactions between the gut microbiota and ICs, and further discussed the strategies for treating RA by targeting/regulating the gut microbiota.
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Hendricks K, Parrado MG, Bradley J. Opinion: An Existing Drug to Assess In Vivo for Potential Adjunctive Therapy of Ebola Virus Disease and Post-Ebola Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1691. [PMID: 32082173 PMCID: PMC7002323 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Bradley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, United States
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