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Las afectaciones emocionales en la ideación suicida en profesionales y jóvenes. REVISTA DIGITAL INTERNACIONAL DE PSICOLOGÍA Y CIENCIA SOCIAL 2022. [DOI: 10.22402/j.rdipycs.unam.e.8.01.2022.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Los diferentes estudios de la ideación suicida han sido llevados a configurar la idea del suicidio en su definición, su sentido y su incidencia, dejando un rastro de factores que permean a jóvenes y adultos. El propósito central de este artículo es visibilizar las afectaciones emocionales que se presentan, tanto en jóvenes universitarios con ideación suicida como en profesionales que han atendido a jóvenes con ideación suicida, caracterizando las afectaciones emocionales de los profesionales y los jóvenes atendidos. Las afectaciones emocionales son los pilares con los cuales cuenta este documento, debido a que son muy pocos los estudios que hablan acerca de esto. Se plantea así la identificación de factores emocionales presentes en los jóvenes de universidad pública que son atendidos por ideación suicida, y por último se contrastaran las afectaciones emocionales de los jóvenes de universidad pública y los profesionales en el proceso de atención en ideación suicida, para así conocer qué afectaciones similares presentan estos dos grupos investigados. Para el desarrollo de este análisis se utilizó el enfoque cualitativo, en función del diseño fenomenológico hermenéutico. Este método constituye esquemas vivenciales y expresivos de las dimensiones donde la fisionomía grupal evidencia la trastienda de la experiencia cotidiana individual.
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van den Brink B, Schaap H, Braam AW. Moral Objections and Fear of Hell: An Important Barrier to Suicidality. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2018; 57:2301-2312. [PMID: 29423644 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the literature to test the hypothesis that 'moral objections to suicide (MOS), especially the conviction of going to hell after committing suicide, exert a restraining effect on suicide and suicidality.' Medline and PsycInfo were searched using all relevant search terms; all relevant articles were selected, rated and reviewed. Fifteen cross-sectional studies were available on this topic, and raise sufficient evidence to confirm a restraining effect of MOS, and sparse data on fear of hell. MOS seem to counteract especially the development of suicidal intent and attempts, and possibly the lethality of suicidal attempts. A differential pattern of influence of MOS on the suicidal continuum is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart van den Brink
- Psychiatric Acute Care Unit, Eleos, Christian Institution for Mental Health Care, Printerweg 21, 3821 AP, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
- Kennisinstituut christelijke ggz, Center for Christian Mental Health Care, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
| | - Hanneke Schaap
- Kennisinstituut christelijke ggz, Center for Christian Mental Health Care, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Braam
- University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry, Altrecht Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Residency Training, Altrecht Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ardiles-Irarrázabal RA, Alfaro-Robles PA, Díaz-Mancilla IE, Martínez-Guzmán VV. Riesgo de suicidio adolescente en localidades urbanas y rurales por género, región de Coquimbo, Chile. AQUICHAN 2018. [DOI: 10.5294/aqui.2018.18.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo: comparar el riesgo de suicidio de adolescentes de enseñanza media, residentes de localidades urbanas y rurales por género en la Región de Coquimbo, Chile. Material y método: la investigación es de tipo cuantitativo descriptivo no experimental, en una muestra no probabilística. En noviembre del 2016, de forma anónima, se aplicó el Cuestionario de Screening de Suicidalidad de Okasha, sobre tendencia suicida, a una muestra de 349 adolescentes de 14-19 años (48,7 % hombres-51,3 % mujeres), que asistían a establecimientos educativos urbanos y rurales, de la región de Coquimbo, en Chile. Se utilizó una ANOVA de dos vías para las variables localidad y género. Resultados: no existen diferencias en el riesgo de suicidio según localización geográfica, pero sí por género; se presentó un 15,76 % de adolescentes femeninas con riesgo suicida. Conclusiones: el suicidio es un problema de salud pública mundial, sobre el que no se ha abordado adecuadamente a nivel de prevención y promoción en salud; existe diversidad de factores que influyen en el riesgo suicida y el factor asociado al género femenino presenta un mayor riesgo; mientras que la ubicación geográfica de residencia no registra riesgo.
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Morales S, Barros J, Echávarri O, García F, Osses A, Moya C, Maino MP, Fischman R, Núñez C, Szmulewicz T, Tomicic A. Acute Mental Discomfort Associated with Suicide Behavior in a Clinical Sample of Patients with Affective Disorders: Ascertaining Critical Variables Using Artificial Intelligence Tools. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:7. [PMID: 28210230 PMCID: PMC5289061 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM In efforts to develop reliable methods to detect the likelihood of impending suicidal behaviors, we have proposed the following. OBJECTIVE To gain a deeper understanding of the state of suicide risk by determining the combination of variables that distinguishes between groups with and without suicide risk. METHOD A study involving 707 patients consulting for mental health issues in three health centers in Greater Santiago, Chile. Using 345 variables, an analysis was carried out with artificial intelligence tools, Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining processes, and decision tree techniques. The basic algorithm was top-down, and the most suitable division produced by the tree was selected by using the lowest Gini index as a criterion and by looping it until the condition of belonging to the group with suicidal behavior was fulfilled. RESULTS Four trees distinguishing the groups were obtained, of which the elements of one were analyzed in greater detail, since this tree included both clinical and personality variables. This specific tree consists of six nodes without suicide risk and eight nodes with suicide risk (tree decision 01, accuracy 0.674, precision 0.652, recall 0.678, specificity 0.670, F measure 0.665, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) 73.35%; tree decision 02, accuracy 0.669, precision 0.642, recall 0.694, specificity 0.647, F measure 0.667, ROC AUC 68.91%; tree decision 03, accuracy 0.681, precision 0.675, recall 0.638, specificity 0.721, F measure, 0.656, ROC AUC 65.86%; tree decision 04, accuracy 0.714, precision 0.734, recall 0.628, specificity 0.792, F measure 0.677, ROC AUC 58.85%). CONCLUSION This study defines the interactions among a group of variables associated with suicidal ideation and behavior. By using these variables, it may be possible to create a quick and easy-to-use tool. As such, psychotherapeutic interventions could be designed to mitigate the impact of these variables on the emotional state of individuals, thereby reducing eventual risk of suicide. Such interventions may reinforce psychological well-being, feelings of self-worth, and reasons for living, for each individual in certain groups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Morales
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Barros
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Orietta Echávarri
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabián García
- Independent researcher, Avenida José Manso de Velasco 6968, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alex Osses
- Independent researcher, Isla Darwin 8726, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Moya
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile
- School of Nursery, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Maino
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronit Fischman
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Núñez
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tita Szmulewicz
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alemka Tomicic
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Depression and Suicidality Research Group, Santiago, Chile
- School of Psychology, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
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