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Lenka S, Bhuyan SK, Bhuyan R. Understanding the characteristics of the host genome and microbiome interaction in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Oral health status is directly associated with microbes present within it. The abundance of microbes at the OSCC site is more than at its control site, representing its possible role in the progression of OSCC development. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota could be a crucial etiological risk factor in the elevation of OSCC. This study aimed to analyze and assess: a) positive regulator microbes of oral cancer and their abundance at the cancer site, b) pathways involved in positive regulator microbes, and c) identification of the most virulent oral oncogenic microbe.
Main body
It is obtained from several studies that microbes belonging to Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Alloprevotella, Capnocytophaga, Porphyromonas, Campylobacter, and Aggregatibacter are detected to be more in number contrast to healthy sites. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Candida albicans show molecular pathways linked with OSCC development. Genes encoding for virulent factors like FimA, Gingipains, lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis), FadA, Fap2 (F. nucleatum), and zymosan (C. Albicans) are directly involved in elevating oral cancer.
Conclusion
Mostly, the genes that are involved in promoting oral cancer are the genes that generally encode cell wall proteins. The cell wall proteins that is FadA, Fap, and FimA interact with the host's cell and hamper the normal regulation pathway, which leads to activation of cell proliferating pathways, down-regulates apoptotic pathways, cytoskeleton rearrangement, and upregulates the cell cycle checkpoint regulators; as a result, progression of oral cancer occurs.
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Tran CM, Kuroshima T, Oikawa Y, Michi Y, Kayamori K, Harada H. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of pigmented oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:339. [PMID: 33692871 PMCID: PMC7933752 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigmented oral squamous cell carcinoma (POSCC) is a rare and underrecognized pathological variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The current study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment outcomes and prognosis of patients with POSCC and to investigate its oncological properties using immunohistochemical studies. A total of 1,512 patients were pathologically diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, and were treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University between January 2001 and December 2018. A total of 25 patients had POSCC and underwent radical surgery. Of these 25 patients, 23 presented with early T stage disease. Additionally, 22 patients were negative for cervical lymph nodes metastasis. Only one patient had local recurrence. The 5-year disease-free and disease-specific survival rates were 86.6 and 95.8%, respectively. Immunohistochemically, a high percentage of POSCC exhibited low p53 and Ki-67, preserved E-cadherin or negative vimentin expression. The results suggested that POSCC tends to exhibit non-aggressive oncological behavior and demonstrates a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Minh Tran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuroshima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yu Oikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Michi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Dong XL, Liu ZW. [Clinical significance of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 and mammalian target of rapamycin expression in oral leukoplakia in smokers and never-smokers]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:19-24. [PMID: 30854813 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns and relationship of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3B) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in oral leukoplakia (OLK) in smokers and never-smokers. This work also analyzed the relationship between smoking and the carcinogenic potential of OLK. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of LC3B and mTOR in 120 patients with OLK. Clinical data from 120 smokers and never-smokers with OLK were analyzed. Subsequently, the relationships among LC3B and mTOR expression, clinical factors, and smoking were analyzed. RESULTS Smoking and nonsmoking patients with OLK differed in terms of gender, age, lesion location, pathological typing, and carcinogenic situation. The positive rate of LC3B in never-smokers was higher than that in smokers. Whereas the positive rate of mTOR in smokers was higher than that in the corresponding never-smokers, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Smoking was positively correlated with the positive rate of mTOR (P<0.05), and had no significant correlation with LC3B expression. The positive rates of LC3B and mTOR were negatively correlated with the intensity of smoking (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The effect of smoking habits on OLK may be linked to the expression of proteins that are directly associated with autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Dong
- Stomatological Center, Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Liu
- Stomatological Center, Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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Vankadara S, K P, Balmuri PK, G N, G VR. Evaluation of Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels in Oral Premalignancies and Malignancies: A Comparative Study. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2018; 15:358-364. [PMID: 30842796 PMCID: PMC6399459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to evaluate and compare pretreatment serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with oral premalignancies and malignancies with that in healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 90 patients of both genders. The subjects were divided into three groups. Group I comprised 30 healthy controls, while group II included 30 patients with potential oral malignancies including leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), and oral lichen planus (OLP), and group III included 30 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients confirmed by histopathological examination. All samples were subjected to CRP analysis. Serum CRP levels were quantitatively determined using the automated immunoturbidimetric method. RESULTS In group I, CRP levels were ranging from 0.1 to 18.3 mg/l with the mean ± standard deviation (SD) CRP level of 3.88±4.50 mg/l. In group II, CRP levels were ranging from 0.8 to 53.9 mg/l with the mean ± SD CRP level of 5.59±9.86 mg/l. In group III, CRP levels were ranging from 3.3 to 96 mg/l with the mean ± SD CRP level of 31.72±31.01 mg/l. CONCLUSIONS According to the results, prediagnostic concentrations of CRP are associated with subsequent development of oral cancer and suggest that plasma CRP level is a potential marker of increased risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairam Vankadara
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine, G. Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India,Corresponding author: S. Vankadara, Department of Oral Medicine, G. Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Padmaja K
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, G Pullareddy Dental College & Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Balmuri
- Professor, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, G Pullareddy Dental College & Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Naresh G
- Reader, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, G Pullareddy Dental College & Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Reddy G
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, G Pullareddy Dental College & Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Jain N, Nagarajappa AK, Bhasin M, Pandya D, Tripathi KP. Role of Chemiluminescence examination as non-invasive diagnostic tool in early detection of Leukoplakia. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 8:177-181. [PMID: 30191104 PMCID: PMC6107910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of Chemiluminescent light (Vizilite plus) in enhancing visualization and its ability to highlight Leukoplakia lesion. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study done on 40 study subjects. Subjects were inducted into the study irrespective of age and sex based on the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The lesion parameters like the location of the lesion, the shape of lesion, the size, the extent, borders and the presence or absence of any adjacent satellite lesions were assessed under Incandescent light followed by Toluidine blue and Vizilite plus examinations. Histopathological examination results were considered as the gold standard and TBLU and CHEM outcomes were compared to them. RESULTS Vizilite plus examination method was most effective in assessing the size, borders and shape of the lesions followed by Toluidine blue and Incandescent light examinations. Toluidine blue and Vizilite plus examination methods demonstrated the sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 97.3%. They also demonstrated PPV of 100% and NPV of 75% with reliable accuracy of 97.5%. CONCLUSION Chemiluminescent light is a stepping stone and has the potential to revolutionize the diagnostic protocol for patients with potentially premalignant lesions. The device can be used as a general oral mucosal examination system and may in particular improve the visualization of potentially premalignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Jain
- Dept. of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Girls Hostel, Room # 204, Hitkarini Hills, Dumna Road, Jabalpur, M.P., 482005, India
| | - Anil Kumar Nagarajappa
- Former HOD Dept. of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Hitkarini Hills, Dumna Road, Jabalpur, M.P., 482005, India
- Currently Lecturer at Dep. of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dentistry, Al-Jouf University, Sakaka, Zip Code: 42421, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Meenakshi Bhasin
- Dep. of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Hitkarini Hills, Dumna Road, Jabalpur, M.P., 482005, India
| | - Divya Pandya
- Jabalpur Hospital and Research Centre, F2 Atul Vihar II SBI Colony Near Hathitaal Railway Crossing, Gorakhpur, Jabalpur, M.P., India
| | - Kaushal Pati Tripathi
- Dept. of Peiodontology and Implantology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Boys Hostel, Room # 26, Hitkarini Hills, Dumna Road, Jabalpur, M.P., 482005, India
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Establishment of a new OSCC cell line derived from OLK and identification of malignant transformation-related proteins by differential proteomics approach. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12668. [PMID: 26234610 PMCID: PMC4522661 DOI: 10.1038/srep12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is usually preceded by the oral premalignant lesions, mainly oral leukoplakia (OLK) after repeated insults of carcinogens, tobacco. B(a)P and DMBA are key carcinogens in tobacco smoke. In the present study, for the first time we established the cancerous cell line OSCC-BD induced by B(a)P/DMBA mixture and transformed from dysplastic oral leukoplakia cell line DOK. Cell morphology, proliferation ability, migration ability, colony formation, and tumorigenicity were studied and confirmed the malignant characteristics of OSCC-BD cells. We further identified the differential proteins between DOK and OSCC-BD cells by stable isotope dimethyl labeling based quantitative proteomic method, which showed 18 proteins up-regulated and 16 proteins down-regulated with RSD < 8%. Differential proteins are mainly related to cell cycle, cell proliferation, DNA replication, RNA splicing and apoptosis. Abberant binding function, catalysis activity and transportor activity of differential proteins might contribute to the malignant transformation of OLK. Of the 34 identified differential proteins with RSD < 8%, 13 novel cancer-related proteins were reported in the present study. This study might provide a new insight into the mechanism of OLK malignant transformation and the potent biomarkers for early diagnosis, meanwhile further facilitate the application of the quantification proteomics to carcinogenesis research.
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