Relation between Neonatal Icter and Gilbert Syndrome in Gloucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficient Subjects

Gilbert syndrome with systemic lupus erythematosus presenting with persistent unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia: A case report

Gilbert syndrome (GS) is a hereditary unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia that results from mutations in the bilirubin uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1) gene. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no reports that focus on patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) coexisting with GS. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and genotype of UGT1A1 in a Chinese patient with SLE and GS. Complete medical records and laboratory data were reviewed for a patient with SLE referred to Ruijin Hospital (Shanghai, China) for treatment between March 2016 and January 2020. Genetic analysis of the UGT1A1 gene was performed by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. The serum total bilirubin and unconjugated bilirubin concentrations on admission were 96.2 and 86.8 µmol/l, respectively. The homozygous mutation c.1456T>G (p.Y486D) in exon 5 was detected in this patient. The patient had a good response to phenobarbital orally at a dose of 30 mg/day and a decrease in serum bilirubin was observed. Elevated unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in SLE needs to be differentiated from other diseases, such as GS, which can be diagnosed by UGT1A1 genetic sequencing.

The Association between Prolonged Jaundice and TATA Box Dinucleotide Repeats in Gilbert's Syndrome

Introduction

Jaundice is a common condition during the neonatal period. Prolonged jaundice occurs in a large number of breastfed infants, considering the impact of genetic factors on the incidence of jaundice.

Aim

To determine the association between prolonged jaundice and TATA box dinucleotide repeats in Gilbert's Syndrome (GS).

Materials and Methods

In this case-control study, the case group consisted of 51 neonates with jaundice, aged more than two weeks with indirect bilirubin level higher than 10 mg/dl. Acute diseases, mother's use of phenobarbital and other medications were the exclusion criteria. The control group consisted of 54 newborns without jaundice. The two groups were matched in terms of age and sex. TATA box polymorphisms in the promoter region of UGT1A1 gene were evaluated using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in order to determine TATA box dinucleotide repeats.

Results

Overall, 64.7% and 50% of subjects in the case and control groups were male, respectively (p=0.168). The mean age of neonates in the case and control groups was 20.1±7.1days and 18.8±4.1 days, respectively. The distribution of Gilbert genome was not significantly different between the two groups. In the case group, 13.7% of the subjects were homozygous, 37.3% were heterozygous and 49% were normal. In the control group, 7.4% of the participants were homozygous, 35.2% were heterozygous and 57.4% were normal.

Conclusion

The results of this study showed an association between TATA box polymorphism and prolonged jaundice in neonates which revealed that TATA box polymorphism is an important risk to increase and extend icterus.

The Association between Prolonged Jaundice and UGT1A1 Gene Polymorphism (G71R) in Gilbert's Syndrome

INTRODUCTION

Jaundice is a common condition during the neonatal period. Prolonged jaundice occurs in a large number of breastfed infants. Considering the impact of genetic factors on the incidence of jaundice present study was conducted.

AIM

The aim of this study was to determine the association between prolonged jaundice and G71R polymorphism in Gilbert's syndrome.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This case-control study was conducted at Taleghani Children's Hospital of Gorgan, Iran. The study group consisted of 87 icteric patients (aged more than 2 weeks) with an indirect bilirubin level higher than 10mg/dL. The control group consisted of 81 newborns without jaundice. The two groups were matched in terms of age and gender. DNA extraction was performed by "phenol-chloroform" method. Polymerase Chain Reaction with Confronting Two-Pair Primers (PCR-CTPP) was applied to amplify G71R polymorphism.

RESULTS

Overall, 84% and 64% of subjects in the study and control groups were male, respectively. The distribution of Gilbert genotype was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.772). There was a correlation between prolonged jaundice in males and UGT1A1 G71R polymorphism (p =0.03). In the study group, 5(5.7%) subjects were homozygous (for A/A), 73 (83.9%) were heterozygous (for A/G), and 9(10.3%) were normal (for G/G). In the control group, 3(3.7%) participants were homozygous (A/A), 68(84%) were heterozygous (A/G) and 10 (12.3%) were normal (G/G).

CONCLUSION

There was no association between prolonged jaundice and G71R polymorphism, even though a relationship was revealed between male gender and the mentioned polymorphism.

Gilbert's syndrome in healthy blood donors what next??

SETTINGS

This study was done in a tertiary care hospital having bed strength of more than 700 beds at SDM Medical College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, located in Northern Karnataka.

AIM

The study was done to ascertain prevalence of Gilbert's syndrome in healthy blood donors and review the literature about feasibility of utilizing blood components from Gilbert's syndrome donors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study was done for 18 months and 7030 whole blood units were collected and all the units were subjected to mandatory transfusion-transmitted screening and all the plasma bags which were icteric on visual inspection were subjected to hematological and biochemical investigations to rule out other causes of hyperbilirubinemia.

RESULTS

Seven thousand and thirty units were collected and 445 (6.3%) were discarded due to various reasons. Of them, 50 units (0.71%) had Gilbert's syndrome. All had unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and other hematological and liver function tests were within normal range. Statistical analysis was done to find mean, median, and standard deviation from mean and standard error of mean with lower and upper confidence limits.

CONCLUSION

Majority of blood donors whose plasma is icteric are suffering from Gilbert's syndrome (GS). This disease does not cause any harm to donor or patient but raises a lot of concern as many severe disorders also manifest in similar way. The available literature shows that all blood components can be used from donors suffering from GS. There should be introspection. Proper guidelines are to be framed about the use and discarding of blood components in donors with GS.