Retrospective evaluation of pediatric oral biopsies from a dental and maxillofacial surgery centre in salem, Tamil Nadu, India

The presentation of odontogenic keratocysts in the jaws with an emphasis on the tooth-bearing area: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PURPOSE

This study was conducted in order to gain insight in the actual ratio of odontogenic keratocysts occurring in the tooth-bearing area as compared to the posterior region of the jaws in order to come up with reliable data to base upon a rational treatment policy.

METHODS

We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for studies reporting on the location of mandibular and maxillary odontogenic keratocysts. All records were independently assessed and a meta-analysis was performed. Risk difference with a confidence interval of 95% of having the lesion in the posterior region versus the tooth-bearing area was the effect measure. P value for the summary effect of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

The 2615 records retrieved were reduced to 34 studies to be qualitatively/quantitatively assessed. The pooled values showed that the difference in the clinical risk of having keratocysts in the posterior region of the mandible and in the tooth-bearing area of the maxilla is 21 and 43%, respectively (P < 0.02 and P < 0.00001).

CONCLUSIONS

A substantial amount of keratocysts occur in the tooth-bearing area of the jaws, requiring attention.

Clinicopathologic Trends in Pediatric Oral Biopsies: A 10-Year Institutional Archival Study

Aim

The aim of this study is to determine the clinicopathologic trends in oral pathological biopsies in children aged 14 years and below received for histopathological diagnosis in the institution.

Materials and Methods

The archives of the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology were retrospectively analyzed. Biopsy records of all oral lesions from pediatric patients, aged 0-14 years, in the files of the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, DK, from 2007 to 2017 were considered. Descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson's Chi-square test using computer software were performed.

Results

About 3,590 biopsies were received during the period of which 93 (2.6%) belonged to pediatric population. Prevalence was more in males (58%) compared to females (42%). Commonly affected age group was 10-14 years. The most common category of lesions diagnosed was cysts, and pulp pathologies were the least. The most common location was the jaws of which mandible was more common compared to maxilla followed by the lower lip and buccal mucosa. Histopathologically, radicular cysts (11%) were the most common followed by equal frequency of dentigerous cysts, mucoceles, and odontomes (9%). A statistically significant association of age and gender was seen with the category of the lesion.

Conclusion

This study shows a blend of similarities and contradictions as compared to other similar studies, which could be attributed to geographical diversity, and a number of biopsies received each year which needs to be further explored.

Orofacial Pathological Lesions in Children and Adolescents: A 25-year survey in Iran

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Oral pathological conditions presented in children are various and often different from those of adults. There is considerable variation in the prevalence of these lesions among different regions of the world.

PURPOSE

The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and clinical-pathological features of oral lesions diagnosed in children and adolescents throughout 25 years in an oral pathology department.

MATERIALS AND METHOD

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology at Dental School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. All the medical reports and biopsy files of the patients aged <18 years that were diagnosed during January 1990 and December 2015 were retrieved. The data regarding histopathologic diagnosis, site of lesions, and date of diagnosis and demographic characteristics of patients were elicited. The lesions were categorized based on their origin and age group of the patients. Descriptive statistics were used as appropriate. The critical level of significance was set at p< 0.05.

RESULTS

1267 lesions were recorded. The mean age of the samples was 12.5±3.9. Of lesions, (408, 49.3%) were in posterior area. The most common lesions were odontogenic cysts (416, 32.9%) and reactive lesions (317, 25.1%) and the least common lesions were allergic and immunologic disorders (2, 0.2%). In age groups of 7-12 and 13-18 years, odontogenic cysts [(208, 38.1%), (198, 31.4%)] and reactive lesions [(143, 26.3%), (147, 23.3%)] were the most common lesions, respectively. During the 25 years of survey, the prevalence of pulp and periapical disease increased (p <0.001), that of bone pathology decreased (p< 0.05) and trend of other lesions did not significantly change over this time.

CONCLUSION

The most frequent lesions were odontogenic cysts and reactive lesions. The prevalence of lesions was not changed dramatically during the 25 year. The frequency of oral lesions in Isfahan province (in Iran) is different from other regions in the world and even, to some extent, different from other regions in Iran, which is in agreement with the hypothesis of geographical distribution of these lesions.