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Vadala R, Shamsi I, Dabral C, Talwar D, Talwar D. Pleural schistosomiasis masquerading as tubercular pyopneumothorax: World's first case report. Lung India 2021; 38:183-185. [PMID: 33687014 PMCID: PMC8098889 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_232_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is an uncommon waterborne helminthic infection that infects humans. Although it is not prevalent in India, many cases are reported due to contact with infested water bodies. Schistosomiasis primarily involves the lower urinary tract and colorectal region. Pulmonary schistosomiasis, although very unusual, has been described with the systemic manifestation of the disease; however, pleural involvement with schistosomiasis has never been described before in the literature. We report this first case of pleural schistosomiasis masquerading as tuberculosis, which posed a diagnostic challenge and later a new learning point in the presentation of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Vadala
- Metro Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Metro Multispeciality Hospital, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Imran Shamsi
- Metro Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Metro Multispeciality Hospital, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Charul Dabral
- Metro Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Metro Multispeciality Hospital, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhruv Talwar
- Metro Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Metro Multispeciality Hospital, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Talwar
- Metro Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Metro Multispeciality Hospital, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Spectrum of parasitic infections in centrifuged urine sediments from a newly developed tertiary care centre in Central India. J Parasit Dis 2018; 42:608-615. [PMID: 30538361 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-018-1043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of urinary parasites is relatively rare and incidental finding in routine urine examination. Common urinary parasitic infections as described in literature include Trichomonas, Schistosoma hematobium and Microfilaria. Trichomonas vaginalis is known to cause vaginitis and urethritis, and may be found in urine sediments. In this study, the spectrum of urinary parasitic infections that had been reported in the last one and a half year was evaluated, and point prevalence in this zone was estimated. Microbiologist opinion had been taken in the difficult cases. Out of the total centrifuged urine sediments examined, urinary parasitic infection was found in 33 cases. The calculated point prevalence is 0.39%. Most common parasitic infection reported was flagellates (27 cases: 25 T. vaginalis, 2 commensal flagellate closest to Chylomastix), followed by three cases showing eggs of Enterobius vermicularis, one case showing larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis and two cases of ciliate protozoa. One of the ciliate protozoa was Balantidium coli and the other one was Balantidium like ciliate morphologically closest to Chilodonella spp. Pyuria was found in 22 out of the 33 cases and hematuria in 17 out of 33 cases. A fairly wide morphological spectrum of parasites may be diagnosed through microscopic examination of centrifuged urine sediment. They may cause pyuria and haematuria, and morphological awareness helps in prompt and effective management in most cases.
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Luthra M, Sachdev R, Goel S. Schistosomiasis: A Rare Cause of Meatal Stenosis! J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2017; 22:258-259. [PMID: 28974884 PMCID: PMC5615906 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_256_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Luthra
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medanta The Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Ritesh Sachdev
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine and Transfusion Medicine, Medanta The Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Shalini Goel
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine and Transfusion Medicine, Medanta The Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Knight M, Elhelu O, Smith M, Haugen B, Miller A, Raghavan N, Wellman C, Cousin C, Dixon F, Mann V, Rinaldi G, Ittiprasert W, Brindley PJ. Susceptibility of Snails to Infection with Schistosomes is influenced by Temperature and Expression of Heat Shock Proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 5. [PMID: 26504668 PMCID: PMC4618387 DOI: 10.4172/2161-1165.1000189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The freshwater snail, Biomphalaria glabrata is the obligate intermediate host for the transmission of the parasitic trematode, Schistosoma mansoni the causative agent of the chronic debilitating neglected tropical disease, schistosomiasis. We showed previously that in juvenile snails, early and significant induction of stress manifested by the expression of stress proteins, Hsp 70, Hsp 90 and reverse transcriptase (RT) of the non- LTR retrotransposon, nimbus, is a characteristic feature of juvenile susceptible NMRI but not resistant BS-90 snails. These latter, however, could be rendered susceptible after mild heat shock at 32°C, revealing that resistance in the BS-90 resistant snail to schistosomes is a temperature dependent trait. Here we tested the hypothesis that maintenance of BS-90 resistant snails at the permissive temperature for several generations affects the resistance phenotype displayed at the non-permissive temperature of 25°C. The progeny of BS-90 snails bred and maintained through several generations (F1 to F4) at 32°C were susceptible to the schistosome infection when returned to room temperature, shedding cercariae at four weeks post-infection. Moreover, the study of expression levels of the heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 protein by ELISA and western blot analysis, showed that this protein is also differentially expressed between susceptible and resistant snails, with susceptible snails expressing more protein than their resistant counterparts after early exposure to wild-type but not to radiation-attenuated miracidia. These data suggested that in the face of global warming, the ability to sustain a reduction in schistosomiasis by using refractory snails as a strategy to block transmission of the disease might prove challenging since non-lethal elevation in temperature, affects snail susceptibility to S. mansoni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matty Knight
- University of the District of Columbia, 4200 Connecticut Ave, Washington, D.C. 20008, USA ; George Washington University, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - O Elhelu
- University of the District of Columbia, 4200 Connecticut Ave, Washington, D.C. 20008, USA
| | - M Smith
- University of the District of Columbia, 4200 Connecticut Ave, Washington, D.C. 20008, USA
| | - B Haugen
- University of the District of Columbia, 4200 Connecticut Ave, Washington, D.C. 20008, USA
| | - A Miller
- Schistosomiasis Resource Center, Biomedical Research Institute, 12111 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, USA
| | - N Raghavan
- Schistosomiasis Resource Center, Biomedical Research Institute, 12111 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, USA
| | - C Wellman
- University of the District of Columbia, 4200 Connecticut Ave, Washington, D.C. 20008, USA
| | - C Cousin
- University of the District of Columbia, 4200 Connecticut Ave, Washington, D.C. 20008, USA
| | - F Dixon
- University of the District of Columbia, 4200 Connecticut Ave, Washington, D.C. 20008, USA
| | - V Mann
- George Washington University, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - G Rinaldi
- George Washington University, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, D.C, USA
| | - W Ittiprasert
- Schistosomiasis Resource Center, Biomedical Research Institute, 12111 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, USA
| | - P J Brindley
- George Washington University, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, D.C, USA
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