1
|
Nakornnoi T, Chanmanee P. Accuracy of Digital Imaging Software to Predict Soft Tissue Changes during Orthodontic Treatment. J Imaging 2024; 10:134. [PMID: 38921611 PMCID: PMC11204874 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging10060134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the Digital Imaging software in the prediction of soft tissue changes following three types of orthodontic interventions: non-extraction, extraction, and orthognathic surgery treatments. Ninety-six patients were randomly selected from the records of three orthodontic interventions (32 subjects per group): (1) non-extraction, (2) extraction, and (3) orthodontic treatment combined with orthognathic surgery. The cephalometric analysis of soft tissue changes in both the actual post-treatment and the predicted treatment was performed using Dolphin Imaging software version 11.9. A paired t-test was utilized to assess the statistically significant differences between the predicted and actual treatment outcomes of the parameters (p < 0.05). In the non-extraction group, prediction errors were exhibited only in the lower lip parameters. In the extraction group, prediction errors were observed in both the upper and lower lip parameters. In the orthognathic surgery group, prediction errors were identified in chin thickness, facial contour angle, and upper and lower lip parameters (p < 0.05). Digital Imaging software exhibited inaccurate soft tissue prediction of 0.3-1.0 mm in some parameters of all treatment groups, which should be considered regarding the application of Dolphin Imaging software in orthodontic treatment planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theerasak Nakornnoi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pannapat Chanmanee
- Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu X, Tian Y, Li D, Sun W, Wang H, Yuan S, Yan B, Wang L, Pan Y. Evaluating the effect of digital technology on the learning of orthodontic cephalometric measurement. F1000Res 2023; 11:328. [PMID: 38009103 PMCID: PMC10674087 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.109876.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating digital technology into cephalometric measurement teaching. Methods: In total, 94 undergraduates of stomatology were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups. According to the cross-over design, both groups completed cephalometric measurements by the traditional hand-drawn method and digital technology (the Dolphin software) in different order. In the traditional hand-drawn method, students depicted the outline of the craniofacial anatomical structures on sulfuric transfer paper first, then marked the measurement points and completed the measurement of line spacings and angles; by digital technology, they marked the points in the software and adjust the automatically generated outlines of the structures to obtain the results. Two professional orthodontists were invited as instructors and their measurements were set as standards. An online questionnaire was also used to investigate students' attitudes toward digital technology being used in the cephalometric teaching process. Results: There were significant differences of students' measurements ( P 1-SNA<0.01, P 1-SNB=0.01 and P 1-L1-NB (mm)<0.01; SNA: sella-nasion-subspinale angle, SNB: sella-nasion-supramental angle, L1-NB (mm): the distance from the lower central incisor tip to the nasion-supramental plane) between the traditional method and digital technology. Besides, the results of most items by digital technology were closer to the standards than those by the traditional method, including five items with statistical significance ( P 2-SNB<0.05, P 2-L1-NB (mm)<0.01, P 2-FMA<0.05, P 2-FMIA<0.05, P 2-IMPA<0.01), while three items were the opposite ( P 2-SNA<0.05, P 2-ANB (mm)<0.01, P 2-NA-PA<0.01). The questionnaire showed more students preferred digital technology (33%) as a better teaching method than the traditional method (2%) and 72% of participants thought they had mastered 50-80% of cephalometric knowledge after the course. Conclusions: This study demonstrated effectiveness and acceptance of the course applying digital technology during the cephalometric teaching process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Siyang Yuan
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Agreement of the Discrepancy Index Obtained Using Digital and Manual Techniques—A Comparative Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12126105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The discrepancy index evaluates the complexity of the initial orthodontic diagnosis. The objective is to compare whether there is a difference in the final discrepancy index score of the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) when obtained using digital and manual techniques. Fifty-six initial orthodontic records in a digital and physical format were included (28 each) in 2022 at the Center for Research and Advanced Studies in Dentistry. For the digital measurements, iTero and TRIOS 3 intraoral scanners were used, along with Insignia software and cephalometric tracing with Dolphin Imaging software. Manual measurements were obtained in dental casts using the ruler indicated for the previously mentioned discrepancy index, in addition to conventional cephalometric tracing. Student’s t-test did not show statistically significant differences between the digital and manual techniques, with final discrepancy index scores of 24.61 (13.34) and 24.86 (14.14), respectively (p = 0.769). Cohen’s kappa index showed very good agreement between both categorical measurements (kappa value = 1.00, p = 0.001). The Bland–Altman method demonstrated a good agreement between continuous measurements obtained by both techniques with a bias of 0.2500 (superior limit of agreement =9.0092988, inferior limit of agreement = −8.5092988). Excellent agreement was observed in obtaining the discrepancy index through digital technique (Intraoral scanning and digital records) and manual technique (conventional records).
Collapse
|
4
|
Shim H, Foley P, Bankhead B, Kim KB. Comparative assessment of relapse and failure between CAD/CAM stainless steel and standard stainless steel fixed retainers in orthodontic retention patients. Angle Orthod 2022; 92:87-94. [PMID: 34464438 DOI: 10.2319/121720-1015.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare relapse and failure rates of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and standard fixed retainers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-center, single-blinded, prospective randomized clinical trial included 46 patients who completed active orthodontic treatment and complied with retention visits. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups: CAD/CAM group with multistranded stainless steel wires (CAD/CAM, n = 16), Lab group with the same multistranded wires (lab, n = 16), and control group with stainless steel Ortho-FlexTech wires (traditional, n = 14). Intraoral scans were obtained at placement of fixed retainers (T1), 3-month visit (T2), and 6-month visit (T3) and measured for intercanine width and Little's Irregularity Index. Failures were recorded. RESULTS The CAD/CAM group experienced less intercanine width decrease than the traditional group at 3 months (mean difference, 0.83 ± 0.16 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44-1.22; P < .001) and 6 months (mean difference, 1.23 ± 0.40 mm; 95% CI, 0.19-2.27; P < .05). The CAD/CAM group experienced less increase in Little's Irregularity Index compared with the lab group within 3 months (mean difference, 0.81 ± 0.27 mm; 95% CI, 0.12-1.49; P < .05). Failures from greatest to least were experienced by the lab group (43.8%), the CAD/CAM group (25%), and the traditional group (14.3%). CONCLUSIONS Within 6 months of bonding fixed retainers, CAD/CAM fixed retainers showed less relapse than lab-based and traditional chairside retainers and less failures than lab-based retainers.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Q, Guo J, He T, Yao J, Tang W, Yi Z. A Novel Landmark Detection Method for Cephalometric Measurement. 2021 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICAL IMAGING PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING (ICMIPE) 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/icmipe53131.2021.9698911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University,Machine Intelligence Laboratory,Chengdu,P. R. China
| | - Jixiang Guo
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University,Machine Intelligence Laboratory,Chengdu,P. R. China
| | - Tao He
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University,Machine Intelligence Laboratory,Chengdu,P. R. China
| | - Jie Yao
- College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,P. R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- West China Hospital of Stomatology,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Chengdu,P. R. China
| | - Zhang Yi
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University,Machine Intelligence Laboratory,Chengdu,P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Evaluation of accuracy and reliability of OneCeph digital cephalometric analysis in comparison with manual cephalometric analysis-a cross-sectional study. BDJ Open 2021; 7:22. [PMID: 34140466 PMCID: PMC8210970 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-021-00077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lateral cephalometric analysis continues to be one of the gold standard diagnostic aids in orthodontics, with various software available to enhance this. Aim This study was done to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of linear and angular measurements obtained from OneCeph digital cephalometric tracing and manual tracings in lateral cephalometry. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study done on twenty pre-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of subjects who reported to the postgraduate orthodontic clinic for orthodontic treatment over one month. Cephalometric tracings were done using OneCeph digital software and manual tracing method to evaluate nine parameters of Steiner’s cephalometric analysis. An Independent T-sample test was done between the mean values of manual and OneCeph tracing. Intra operator reliability was evaluated by paired T-test after a week. Results No significant statistical difference was observed as the p-value was greater than 0.05 for all the parameters in the two groups. Conclusion The reliability and accuracy of OneCeph software application was found to be at par with manual cephalometric tracing
Collapse
|
7
|
Realistic high-resolution lateral cephalometric radiography generated by progressive growing generative adversarial network and quality evaluations. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12563. [PMID: 34131213 PMCID: PMC8206205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Realistic image generation is valuable in dental medicine, but still challenging for generative adversarial networks (GANs), which require large amounts of data to overcome the training instability. Thus, we generated lateral cephalogram X-ray images using a deep-learning-based progressive growing GAN (PGGAN). The quality of generated images was evaluated by three methods. First, signal-to-noise ratios of real/synthesized images, evaluated at the posterior arch region of the first cervical vertebra, showed no statistically significant difference (t-test, p = 0.211). Second, the results of an image Turing test, conducted by non-orthodontists and orthodontists for 100 randomly chosen images, indicated that they had difficulty in distinguishing whether the image was real or synthesized. Third, cephalometric tracing with 42 landmark points detection, performed on real and synthesized images by two expert orthodontists, showed consistency with mean difference of 2.08 ± 1.02 mm. Furthermore, convolutional neural network-based classification tasks were used to classify skeletal patterns using a real dataset with class imbalance and a dataset balanced with synthesized images. The classification accuracy for the latter case was increased by 1.5%/3.3% at internal/external test sets, respectively. Thus, the cephalometric images generated by PGGAN are sufficiently realistic and have potential to application in various fields of dental medicine.
Collapse
|
8
|
Naveda R, Janson G, Natsumeda GM, de Freitas MR, Capelozza-Filho L, Garib D. Pretreatment dentoskeletal comparison between individuals treated with extractions in the 1970s and in the new millennium. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:1997-2005. [PMID: 32780295 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03508-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This retrospective study aimed to compare the occlusal and dentoskeletal initial features of patients treated with four first premolar extractions in the 1970s and after 2000. MATERIALS AND METHODS Group 70' was composed by 30 subjects with Class I malocclusion (mean age of 12.8 years, 10 male, 20 female) treated in the 1970s with four first premolar extractions and comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Group NM comprised 30 subjects with Class I malocclusion (mean age of 13.4 years, 13 male, 17 female) treated in the new millennium, similarly to Group 70'. Initial dental models and lateral cephalograms were digitized and measured using OrthoAnalyzerTM 3D software and Dolphin Imaging 11.0 software, respectively. Initial occlusal and dentoskeletal features were analyzed and compared. Intergroup comparison was performed using t tests (p < 0.05). Holm-Bonferroni correction for multiple comparison was applied. RESULTS Group NM showed significantly greater maxillary and mandibular effective lengths and greater maxillary and mandibular incisor protrusion in comparison with Group 70'. Group NM presented a significantly greater lower anterior facial height. Group NM also showed significantly smaller nasolabial angle and protruded inferior lip. CONCLUSION Patients with Class I malocclusion treated with four first premolar extractions in the new millennium present a greater degree of dental and labial protrusion, increased lower anterior facial height, and more acute nasolabial angle compared with patients treated similarly in the 1970s. Greater dental and labial protrusion determines first premolar extractions in the new millennium. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Despite the decrease of tooth extraction frequency, four first premolar extractions may be justified in cases with severe dental and skeletal protrusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Naveda
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, ZIP CODE 17012-901, Vila Nova Cidade Universitária, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Janson
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, ZIP CODE 17012-901, Vila Nova Cidade Universitária, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Manami Natsumeda
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, ZIP CODE 17012-901, Vila Nova Cidade Universitária, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto de Freitas
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, ZIP CODE 17012-901, Vila Nova Cidade Universitária, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leopoldino Capelozza-Filho
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru dental School, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Rua Sílvio Marchione, 3-20, ZIP CODE 17012-900, Vila Nova Cidade Universitária, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Garib
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Dentofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, ZIP CODE 17012-901, Vila Nova Cidade Universitária, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Radwan ES, Scribante A, Sfondrini MF, Montasser MA. Imaging Software Programs for Reliable Mathematical Measurements in Orthodontics. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:E81. [PMID: 32756303 PMCID: PMC7558395 DOI: 10.3390/dj8030081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the reliability of linear and angular measurements taken using different software programs in orthodontics. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sample of four software programs from different manufacturers, namely MicroDicom viewer, Photoshop® CS3, AutoCAD®, and Image-Pro®, were used for measuring the geometric features of four types of miniscrews from different manufacturers. Each miniscrew type presented a group: Group I, Tomas® (Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany); Group II, HUBIT® (HUBIT, Gyeonggi-do, Korea); Group III, AbsoAnchor® (Dentos, Daegu, Korea); and Group IV, Creative (Creative, Zhejiang, China). Measurements of apical face angle, thread angle, lead angle, flank, pitch depth, and width were taken on 45 × magnification scanning electron microscope images of the shafts of the miniscrews. One assessor measured the seven geometric features for the four types of miniscrews using the four software programs twice in two sessions separated by a three week interval. RESULTS Pairwise comparisons, for each of the four miniscrew groups, showed that the only common result observed was the significant difference (p < 0.001) between measurements of flank taken by the four software programs. When measurements of the four types of miniscrews were pooled into one group, a high degree of intra-rater reliability (ICC range from 0.9 to 1.0) for all the seven geometric features was found with all the four software programs. The paired t-test showed insignificant difference (at p ≤ 0.05) between the first and second measurements, except for a few measurements including pitch width measured by Image-Pro® (p = 0.012), MicroDicom (p = 0.023), and Photoshop® (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Results did not give absolute superiority to one software program over the others and suggested an assessor effect. Assessor estimates could have been affected, among other factors, by the design of the miniscrews and the technical features of the software programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Saad Radwan
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry–Section of Dentistry–Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Maria Francesca Sfondrini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry–Section of Dentistry–Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Mona A Montasser
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|