1
|
Ramezani K, Ahmadi E, Etemadi A, Kharazifard MJ, Omrani LR, Akhoundi MSA. Combined Effect of Fluoride Mouthwash and Sub-ablative Er:YAG Laser for Prevention of White Spot Lesions around Orthodontic Brackets. Open Dent J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v16-e2208170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Development of white spot lesions (WSLs) around orthodontic brackets compromises esthetics and necessitates additional dental treatments.
Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of fluoride mouthwash combined with Er:YAG laser irradiation for the prevention of WSLs around orthodontic brackets.
Methods:
Orthodontic brackets were bonded to 50 bovine incisors. The entire tooth surface was coated with acid-resistant varnish except for a margin around the brackets. The microhardness of the teeth was measured at the respective area using the Vickers hardness test. The teeth were then randomly divided into five groups (n=10) of control (Gc), Orthokin fluoride mouthwash (Gf), 100 mJ/cm2 Er:YAG laser (Gl), laser + mouthwash (Glf), and mouthwash + laser (Gfl). Then, the teeth underwent pH cycling according to the standard protocol for demineralization. The microhardness of the teeth was measured again, and the percentage of change in microhardness was calculated. The amount of calcium released during pH cycling was quantified using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test.
Results:
Calcium release (indicative of demineralization) in the Gf, Gfl, and Glf groups was significantly lower than that in the Gc and Gl groups (P<0.05). The reduction in surface microhardness was also the same in the five groups with no significant difference (P>0.05).
Conclusion:
Fluoride mouthwash combined with Er:YAG laser or Er:YAG laser alone cannot decrease the incidence of WSLs around orthodontic brackets compared to fluoride mouthwash alone.
Collapse
|
2
|
Issatayeva A, Fornaini C, Masino M, Cucinotta A. Potential role of Er:YAG laser and fluoride in the dental enamel remineralization: a Raman spectroscopy preliminary <i>ex vivo</i> study. Laser Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.4081/ltj.2022.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims: Dental caries are a widespread oral disease and a serious public health problem, starting by teeth demineralization, which is a loss of minerals such as calcium and phosphate. Modern caries treatment is aimed at preventing the disease progression by teeth remineralization which is a supply of minerals to the enamel. The most popular remineralization method is the treatment of teeth with fluoride. Er:YAG laser has also gained research attention as a method for improving the uptake of fluoride and phosphate by introducing chemical and morphological changes into the structure of enamel but, while some researchers described it as effective, others found no significant effect from its application. This work aimed to further study the effect of Er:YAG laser, alone or combined with fluoride, to dental enamel. Materials and Methods: Twenty upper central human incisors, extracted for periodontal reasons, were used in the study. Samples were demineralized by acetic acid and divided into four groups: a) control, b) fluoride + Er:YAG laser, c) Er:YAG laser alone and d) fluoride alone. The remineralization rate of teeth was estimated by Raman Spectroscopy. Results: In comparison with the control group, the phosphate peak’s intensity increased notably for the teeth treated by fluoride, but decreased slightly for the teeth treated with Er:YAG laser and with a combination of the laser and fluoride. Conclusions: With the limits of this study, due to the limited samples number, Er:YAG laser, alone and combined with fluoride, seems to be not effective, at the parameters used, for the enamel remineralization.
Collapse
|
3
|
Assarzadeh H, Karrabi M, Fekrazad R, Tabarraei Y. Effect of Er:YAG Laser Irradiation and Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride Therapy on Re-Mineralization of White Spot Lesions. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2021; 22:153-161. [PMID: 34514061 PMCID: PMC8417547 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2020.86300.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem: Studies on the efficacy of erbium laser for enhancement of enamel resistance to acid attacks and its effects on fluoride uptake by the enamel are limited. Purpose: This study sought to assess and compare the effects of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation and application of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel
(alone and in combination) on remineralization of artificial white spot lesions (WSLs). Materials and Method: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 90 buccal and lingual slabs of extracted human premolars. The specimens underwent pH cycling to induce WSLs. They were then randomly
divided into 6 groups of caries-free positive control (c+), negative control with WSLs (ws), 1.23% APF gel applied on the enamel (F), Er:YAG laser irradiation (80 mJ, 10 Hz, and 8 J/cm2)
of enamel (L), APF gel application followed by laser irradiation (FL), and laser irradiation followed by fluoride gel application (LF). The fluoride ion content of specimens was
measured before and after the intervention using a potentiometer. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (p< 0.05). Results: APF gel application before/after laser irradiation maximally increased the fluoride uptake by the enamel (p= 0.000). Application of APF gel in group F and laser irradiation in
group L increased fluoride uptake by the enamel, compared with groups 1 and 2 (p= 0.000). Laser- treated (L) and APF-treated (F) groups had no significant difference in this respect
(p= 0.945). Maximum fluoride concentration was noted in combined laser and fluoride groups (FL=332.07ppm and LF=341.27ppm) with no significant difference between the two (p= 1.000). Conclusion: Er:YAG laser irradiation changes the chemical composition of enamel and probably promote its remineralization, especially when combined with APF gel application,
which highlights its cariostatic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Assarzadeh
- Dept. of Oral and Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Malihe Karrabi
- Dept. of Oral and Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Dept. of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Laser Research Center In Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Radiation Science Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Science, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), University Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Tabarraei
- Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shear bond strength of metallic brackets bonded to enamel pretreated with Er,Cr:YSGG LASER and CPP-ACP. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:306. [PMID: 34126965 PMCID: PMC8204548 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased risk of enamel demineralization during and after orthodontic treatment raises the demand for better preventive measures including combinations of laser, CPP-ACP, and fluoride. The combination of Er,Cr:YSGG laser with CPP-ACP was proved to have a synergetic effect compared to each of them alone. Shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to the enamel surface after being treated with preventive measures is critical. The aim of this study was to compare the SBS and failure mode of metallic brackets bonded to teeth with no pretreatment and pretreated enamel surface, either with Er,Cr:YSGG laser alone or combined with CPP-ACP. Methods Sixty sound extracted human premolar teeth were allocated randomly to 3 groups: In Group 1 (control), teeth were etched and bonded directly; in Group 2, laser pretreatment of the enamel surface was done followed by etching and bonding as in the control group; in Group 3, the enamel surface was lased then CPP-ACP was applied according to the manufacturer instructions, etched and bonded. SBS and Adhesive remnant index (ARI) were evaluated. Results No significant differences were found between the 3 groups neither in the SBS nor in the ARI scores. Conclusions The use of combined Er,Cr:YSGG laser with CPP-ACP as a preventive measure before bonding orthodontic brackets does not endanger the bracket’s bonding strength.
Collapse
|
5
|
Świetlicka I, Kuc D, Świetlicki M, Arczewska M, Muszyński S, Tomaszewska E, Prószyński A, Gołacki K, Błaszczak J, Cieślak K, Kamiński D, Mielnik-Błaszczak M. Near-Surface Studies of the Changes to the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Human Enamel under the Action of Fluoride Varnish Containing CPP-ACP Compound. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050765. [PMID: 32422985 PMCID: PMC7277937 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes to the features of the enamel surface submitted to induced demineralisation and subsequent remineralisation were studied. The in vitro examination was conducted on polished slices of human molar teeth, divided in four groups: the untreated control (n = 20), challenged by a demineralisation with orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) (n = 20), and challenged by a demineralisation following remineralisation with fluoride (F) varnish containing casein phosphopeptides (CPP) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) compounds (n = 20). The specimens’ enamel surfaces were subjected to analysis of structure, molecular arrangement, mechanical features, chemical composition, and crystalline organization of apatite crystals. Specimens treated with acid showed a significant decrease in crystallinity, calcium, and phosphorus levels as well as mechanical parameters, with an increase in enamel surface roughness and degree of carbonates when compared to the control group. Treatment with fluoride CPP–ACP varnish provided great improvements in enamel arrangement, as the destroyed hydroxyapatite structure was largely rebuilt and the resulting enamel surface was characterised by greater regularity, higher molecular and structural organisation, and a smoother surface compared to the demineralised one. In conclusion, this in vitro study showed that fluoride CPP–ACP varnish, by improving enamel hardness and initiating the deposition of a new crystal layer, can be an effective remineralising agent for the treatment of damaged enamel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Świetlicka
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (I.Ś.); (M.A.)
| | - Damian Kuc
- Chair and Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (D.K.); (M.M.-B.)
| | - Michał Świetlicki
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland; (M.Ś.); (A.P.)
| | - Marta Arczewska
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (I.Ś.); (M.A.)
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Adam Prószyński
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland; (M.Ś.); (A.P.)
| | - Krzysztof Gołacki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automatics, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | | | - Krystian Cieślak
- Institute of Renewable Energy Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Daniel Kamiński
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Maria Mielnik-Błaszczak
- Chair and Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (D.K.); (M.M.-B.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yassaei S, Aghili H, Shahraki N, Safari I. Efficacy of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser with casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate with and without fluoride for remineralization of white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets. Eur J Dent 2019; 12:210-216. [PMID: 29988235 PMCID: PMC6004814 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_265_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the efficacy of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser, pastes containing casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) with and without fluoride and their combination for prevention of white spot lesions in the enamel. Materials and Methods This in vitro experimental study was conducted on 90 extracted sound premolars. The teeth were then randomly divided into six groups of 15: (1) Control, (2) laser, (3) CPP-ACP with fluoride (GC MI Paste, Recaldent™ 900 ppm as NaF), (4) CPP-ACP without fluoride (GC Tooth Mousse Recaldent™), (5) laser + CPP-ACP with fluoride, and (6) laser + CPP-ACP without fluoride. In each group, enamel surface was exposed to the remineralizing agent. The teeth were then subjected to pH cycling for 14 days. The teeth were then sectioned, polished, and underwent cross-sectional microhardness testing at 20-160 μ depth quantitatively. Using the Simpson's rule, the amount of mineral loss was calculated in each group. Statistical Analysis Used: ANOVA was used for the comparisons, and Tukey's test was applied for pairwise comparisons. Results The highest mean volume percentage of microhardness at 20-60 μ depth belonged to the group laser + CPP-ACP with fluoride and the lowest belonged to the control group (P = 0.001). The differences were not significant at 80-120 μ depth (P > 0.05). These finding are confirmed according to △Z (mineral loss). Conclusion Based on these results, Er: YAG laser was able to decrease demineralization and was a potential alternative to preventive dentistry and was more effective when combined with CPP-ACP products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sogra Yassaei
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Aghili
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Neda Shahraki
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Isa Safari
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sanavia C, Tatullo M, Bassignani J, Cotellessa S, Fantozzi G, Acito G, Iommiello A, Chiavistelli L, Iommiello A, Sabatini S, Nardi GM. Remineralization Strategies in Oral Hygiene: A Position Paper of Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. Working Group. Open Dent J 2017; 11:527-538. [PMID: 29238413 PMCID: PMC5712655 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601711010527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: The clinical conditions that lead to an alteration of the enamel structure are numerous. The diet high in sugars and acidifying substances, psychological stress that triggers parafunctional behaviors, the reduced intake of fiber-rich foods or alkalizing substances, together with other factors, contribute to demineralization of the tooth enamel. Dental mineralizing products on the current market are distinguished according to the dosage form, the active ingredient, the release technology, clinical indications and patient choice. Currently, it is necessary to propose to oral health professionals a guide to orient themselves in this chaotic choice, in order to prefer the most effective product for their own clinical target. Methods: Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. is one of the leading scientific Italian societies representing those dental hygienists working with high-quality standards and in agreement with scientific evidence: in the last year, the SISIO working group has carried out a study focused on remineralizing agents in dentistry, in order to give an authoritative point of view to indicate a guideline in the decision process of the choice of a remineralizing agent. We will report the results pointed out from the last consensus meeting in 2017. Results: We have reported the good the bad and the ugly have been discussed in a critical discussion of such topic. Conclusion: The SISIO experience has been reported in this position paper with the aim to serve as a useful aid in the daily choice of the clinical steps to perform, when dental professionals need to treat demineralized teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Sanavia
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Jessica Bassignani
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Cotellessa
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Fantozzi
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Acito
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessia Iommiello
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Iommiello
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabatini
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianna Maria Nardi
- Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. working group, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Science, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|