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Mohajeri-Tehrani MR, Alemzadeh SA, Marzbali FA, Nasserisina S, Hosnan F, Naghghash A, Hamidieh AA, Behfar M, Mohseni F, Rashidian H, Shirazi S, Aboee-Rad M, Qorbani M, Larijani B, Hamidi Z. How Age, Sex and Transfusion Affects the Incidence of Endocrine and Bone Density Disorders in Major Thalassemic Patients. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 53:433-442. [PMID: 38894828 PMCID: PMC11182464 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Beta-thalassemia major patients frequently have endocrinopathies. We tried to determine relation between demographic and transfusion factor and endocrinopathies. Methods Major beta-thalassemia patients (n=114 cases), 3-38 yr of age, entered this study. Female to male ratio was 51/63. Children (less than 20 yr) formed 57% of participants. Information about bone mineral density (BMD) and hormonal and biochemistry blood evaluation including fasting blood sugar (FBS), ferritin, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (males), and estradiol (females) entered data sheet. Results Sex and ferritin level showed no significant correlation with above disorders. Age significantly correlated to short stature, diabetes, low BMD at femur and neck (P, 0.031, 0.008, 0.009 and <0.001, respectively) . The risk of short stature had increased in 12 yr and older patients 7.71 times than younger patients (P= 0.008). The risk of diabetes had increased in 35 yr and older patients 26.25 times than younger patients (P= 0.03). The risk of Z-score ≤ -2 in femoral region has increased in 19 yr and older patients 5.84 times than younger patients (P= 0.002). The risk of Z-score ≤ -2 in spinal region has increased in 14 yr and older patients 17 times than younger patients (P= 0.007). Conclusion The main factor related with endocrinopathies was age. The correlation between age and short stature, diabetes and low BMD was positive. Therefore, we recommend early monitoring of thalassemia patients (in their late childhood and early teenage) for these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Amirsina Alemzadeh
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh Marzbali
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Nasserisina
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hosnan
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Naghghash
- Thalassemia Department, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Hamidieh
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Department, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Behfar
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Department, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Mohseni
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Rashidian
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Shirazi
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Aboee-Rad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Thalassemia Department, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Hamidi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ibrahim AS, Abd El-Fatah AH, Abd El-Halim AF, Mohamed FF. Serum Ferritin Levels and Other Associated Parameters with Diabetes Mellitus in Adult Patients Suffering from Beta Thalassemia Major. J Blood Med 2023; 14:67-81. [PMID: 36785546 PMCID: PMC9921443 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s390666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although beta thalassemia major (BTM) patients are properly treated with blood transfusions in accompany with iron chelation therapy, they suffer from complications, such as diabetes mellitus (DM). Purpose The purpose was to detect the critical serum ferritin level and other parameters correlated with DM among adult BTM patients. Also, it was to study whether each of these parameters is associated with a certain period of age. Patients and Methods This study included 200 adult BTM patients. A cross-sectional study was carried out. Patients clinical and laboratory variables, such as ferritin levels, and fasting blood glucose (FBS) were extracted from medical records at Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt. Liver and cardiac iron contents were assessed using MRI T2* methods. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS V26.0 software package. Results The overall frequency of DM over the total sample equals 6.5%. There were no impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in the medical records. Statistical significance between serum ferritin and DM was (P = 0.014). The serum ferritin 2500 ng/mL with age group (27-<32) years-old were risk factors. The distributions of DM according to BMI were (3.5%) of class overweight. Significant association between DM and BMI was (r = 0.357, P < 0.001). Liver MRI T2* has significant correlation with serum ferritin, but cardiac MRI T2* was poorly correlated. Association between liver and cardiac MRI T2* was not found. Conclusion Age group (27-<32) years-old and ferritin >2500 ng/mL should be properly treated immediately. The serum ferritin and BMI of class "overweight" were risk factors for DM. Factors such as diet should be followed. Serum ferritin can be used for estimating liver iron content for economic factors. But cardiac MRI T2* must be performed for evaluating cardiac iron accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Saleh Ibrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt,Correspondence: Ahmed Saleh Ibrahim, Tel +20 109 232 6689, Email
| | | | | | - Farid Fawzy Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Lubis SM, Lubis B, Ralena NA. Glycemic Abnormalities Assessment on Children and Adolescents with Beta-Thalassemia Major. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Iron overloading in beta-thalassemia major individuals can cause organ damage. Iron excess can cause endocrine problems, including diabetes. Diabetes mellitus in patients with beta-thalassemia major represents a major concern, especially in children and adolescents.
Aim
To assess glycemic abnormalities in children and adolescents with beta-thalassemia major.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included beta-thalassemia major subjects with no previous diabetes mellitus history and routinely obtained blood transfusion. Laboratory investigations on the fasting insulin and blood glucose levels, 2 h postprandial plasma glucose, fasting insulin, and serum ferritin levels were conducted. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated for assessing insulin resistance. Statistically, a significant correlation was obtained if the p-value was <0.05.
Results
This research consisted of 56 beta-thalassemia major children. The mean age of the subjects was 9.46 (2-18) years old. At diagnosis, the mean age was 40 (3-180) months old. We found a significant correlation between serum ferritin and ages, body weight, height, diagnosis age, and blood volume per transfusion of the included subjects. Nevertheless, there was no significant correlation between serum ferritin with glycemic parameters, including fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial plasma glucose, fasting insulin levels, and HOMA-IR found with a p-value >0.05.
Conclusions
A significant correlation was identified between age at diagnosis and volume of blood per transfusion with serum ferritin levels. However, there was no significant correlation between serum ferritin levels with glycemic status.
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