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Ogamba CF, Roberts AA, Ajudua SC, Akinwale MO, Jeje FM, Ibe FO, Afolayan MM, Kuyinu YA. Perceptions of Nigerian medical students regarding their preparedness for precision medicine: a cross-sectional survey in Lagos, Nigeria. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:879. [PMID: 37978519 PMCID: PMC10656926 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in precision medicine in Nigeria suggest improving genomics education and competency among healthcare practitioners to facilitate clinical translation. Due to the scarcity of research in this area, this study aimed to assess Nigerian medical students' perceptions about their preparedness to integrate precision medicine into their future clinical practice. METHODS This was an institution-based cross-sectional study of medicine and surgery students in their clinical years attending the two fully accredited colleges of medicine in Lagos, Nigeria, between April and October 2022 using an adapted tool administered via Google Forms. The survey assessed their awareness, perceptions about knowledge, ability, and attitudes toward precision medicine, ethical concerns, and perceptions about their education in precision medicine. Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess factors associated with students' perceptions of their knowledge, ability, and attitudes. RESULTS A total of 300 students completed the questionnaires with a response rate of 40%. Awareness of genomic medicine terminology was high (92.0%). Responses to knowledge and ability questions revealed notable gaps, however, respondents had positive attitude scores overall. Higher medical school year was independently associated with lower knowledge (ptrend = 0.003) and ability (ptrend = 0.005) scores, and knowledge score was independently associated with a higher ability score (β: 0.76 95%CI: 0.67, 0.84; p < 0.001). Attitude scores significantly increased with increasing medical school year (ptrend = 0.04). The respondents mostly indicated concerns about government and corporate bodies' misuse of genomic data (35.7%) and the widening of socioeconomic disparities (34.0%). Although 65.0% of the respondents thought it important to learn about precision medicine, only 11.3% felt that their education had adequately prepared them for precision medicine, knew who to ask questions regarding genomic testing (10.7%), and felt their professors had encouraged the use of precision medicine (10.3%). CONCLUSION Despite high awareness of precision medicine terminology and overall positive attitudes, our findings highlight gaps in knowledge and ability to integrate genomics into the care of patients and a need to improve precision medicine education among Nigerian medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzor F Ogamba
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Alero A Roberts
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sharon C Ajudua
- Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Fuhad M Jeje
- Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Festus O Ibe
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Moses M Afolayan
- Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Yetunde A Kuyinu
- Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
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Myers RE, Hallman MH, Shimada A, DiCarlo M, Davis K, Leach WT, Jackson H, Indictor A, Chambers CV. Primary Care Patient Interest in Multi-Cancer Early Detection for Cancer Screening. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1613. [PMID: 38003928 PMCID: PMC10671850 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests are being developed, but little is known about patient receptivity to their use for cancer screening. The current study assessed patient interest in such testing. Our team conducted a prospective, observational study among primary care patients in a large, urban health system. They were asked to complete a telephone survey that briefly described a new blood test in development to identify multiple types of cancer, but was not currently recommended or covered by insurance. The survey included items to assess respondent background characteristics, perceptions about MCED testing, and interest in having such an MCED test. We also used multivariable analyses to identify factors associated with patient interest in test use. In 2023, we surveyed 159 (32%) of 500 identified patients. Among respondents, 125 (79%) reported a high level of interest in having an MCED test. Interest was not associated with personal background characteristics, but was positively associated with the following expectations: testing would be recommended for cancer screening, be convenient, and be effective in finding early-stage disease (OR = 11.70, 95% CI: 4.02, 34.04, p < 0.001). Research is needed to assess patient interest and actual uptake when detailed information on testing is presented in routine care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald E. Myers
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (M.D.); (H.J.); (A.I.)
| | - Mie H. Hallman
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (M.D.); (H.J.); (A.I.)
| | - Ayako Shimada
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Melissa DiCarlo
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (M.D.); (H.J.); (A.I.)
| | - Kaitlyn Davis
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (K.D.); (W.T.L.); (C.V.C.)
| | - William T. Leach
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (K.D.); (W.T.L.); (C.V.C.)
| | - Hattie Jackson
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (M.D.); (H.J.); (A.I.)
| | - Amanda Indictor
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (M.D.); (H.J.); (A.I.)
| | - Christopher V. Chambers
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (K.D.); (W.T.L.); (C.V.C.)
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Stefanicka-Wojtas D, Kurpas D. Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Personalised Medicine across Europe. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020203. [PMID: 36836438 PMCID: PMC9965772 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Personalised medicine (PM) is an innovative way to produce better patient outcomes by using an individualised or stratified approach to disease and treatment rather than a collective approach to treating patients. PM is a major challenge for all European healthcare systems. This article aims to identify the needs of citizens in terms of PM adaptation, as well as to provide insights into the barriers and facilitators categorised in relation to key stakeholders of their implementation. (2) Methods: This article presents data obtained from the survey "Barriers and facilitators of Personalised Medicine implementation-qualitative study under Regions4PerMed (H2020) project". Semi-structured questions were included in the above-mentioned survey. The questions included both structured and unstructured segments in an online questionnaire (Google Forms). Data were compiled into a data base. The results of the research were presented in the study. The number of people who participated in the survey can be considered an insufficient sample size for statistical measurement. In order to avoid collecting unreliable data, the questionnaires were sent to various stakeholders of the Regions4PerMed project, which includes members of the Advisory Board of the Regions4PerMed Project, but also speakers of conferences and workshops, and participants in these events. The professional profiles of the respondents are also diverse. (3) Results: The insights on what would help in the adaptation of Personal Medicine to citizen needs have been categorised into 7 areas of need: education; finances; dissemination; data protection/IT/data sharing; system changes/governmental level; cooperation/collaboration; public/citizens. Barriers and facilitators have been categorised into ten key stakeholders of the implementation barriers: government and government agencies; medical doctors/practitioners; healthcare system; healthcare providers; patients and patient organisations; medical sector, scientific community, researchers, stakeholders; industry; technology developers; financial institutions; media. (4) Conclusions: Barriers to the implementation of Personalised Medicine are observed across Europe. The barriers and facilitators mentioned in the article need to be effectively managed in healthcare systems across Europe. There is an urgent need to remove as many barriers as possible and create as many facilitators as possible to implement personalized medicine in the European system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Stefanicka-Wojtas
- Clinical Trial Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-784-091-632
| | - Donata Kurpas
- Family Medicine Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-141 Wroclaw, Poland
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Leppin A, Nielsen JB. Readiness to Accept Genetic Testing for Personalized Medicine: Survey Findings on the Role of Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Health Vulnerabilities, Perceived Genetic Risk and Personality Factors. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111836. [PMID: 36579571 PMCID: PMC9699615 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies from various countries have shown that majorities would accept genetic testing for personalization of treatment, but little is known about differences among population subgroups. The present study investigated whether readiness to accept a hypothetical cost-free offer of genetic testing to personalize treatment depends on socio-demographic characteristics, health-related vulnerabilities, personal dispositions, and prior awareness about personalized medicine. The study was based on a cross-sectional survey design. Out of a representative initial sample of 50-80-year-old Danish citizens (n = 15,072), n = 6807 returned a fully answered web-based questionnaire. Socio-demographic data were added from a national registry. Data were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression. A large majority of respondents (78.3%) expressed their readiness to be tested. Rates were higher in men, younger persons, and those with higher income. Additionally, ex-smokers and obese persons as well as those less satisfied with their health and respondents who perceived a personal genetic risk were more interested, as were those with higher internal health control, higher extraversion, higher emotional stability, and those who had not heard about this option before. Further research should investigate the specific concerns among population subgroups which need being addressed by systematic communication efforts in a clinical but also a broader public health context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Leppin
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 6705 Esbjerg, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| | - Jesper Bo Nielsen
- Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
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Kusic D, Heil J, Zajic S, Brangan A, Dairo O, Smith G, Morales-Scheihing D, Buono RJ, Ferraro TN, Haroz R, Salzman M, Baston K, Bodofsky E, Sabia M, Resch A, Scheinfeldt LB. Patient Perceptions and Potential Utility of Pharmacogenetic Testing in Chronic Pain Management and Opioid Use Disorder in the Camden Opioid Research Initiative. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091863. [PMID: 36145611 PMCID: PMC9505214 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenetics (PGx) has the potential to improve opioid medication management. Here, we present patient perception data, pharmacogenetic data and medication management trends in patients with chronic pain (arm 1) and opioid use disorder (arm 2) treated at Cooper University Health Care in Camden City, NJ. Our results demonstrate that the majority of patients in both arms of the study (55% and 65%, respectively) are open to pharmacogenetic testing, and most (66% and 69%, respectively) believe that genetic testing has the potential to improve their medical care. Our results further support the potential for CYP2D6 PGx testing to inform chronic pain medication management for poor metabolizers (PMs) and ultrarapid metabolizers (UMs). Future efforts to implement PGx testing in chronic pain management, however, must address patient concerns about genetic test result access and genetic discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Kusic
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Jessica Heil
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Stefan Zajic
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- GSK, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Andrew Brangan
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Geisinger, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Oluseun Dairo
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Gretchen Smith
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | | | - Russell J. Buono
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | | | - Rachel Haroz
- Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Matthew Salzman
- Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Kaitlan Baston
- Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Elliot Bodofsky
- Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Michael Sabia
- Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Alissa Resch
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
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Patel MI, Agrawal M, Duron Y, O'Brien D, Koontz Z. Perspectives of Low-Income and Minority Populations With Lung Cancer: A Qualitative Evaluation of Unmet Needs. JCO Oncol Pract 2022; 18:e1374-e1383. [DOI: 10.1200/op.22.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Persistent disparities remain in the incidence, mortality, and quality of lung cancer care received among minorities and populations with low income. This study aims to evaluate perspectives of low-income and minority patients with lung cancer on health system–level barriers and facilitators to high-quality lung cancer care delivery. METHODS: Informed by community-based participatory research, we conducted semistructured interviews with 48 patients with lung cancer in the San Francisco Peninsula and Central Coast regions of California. We recorded, transcribed, and analyzed interviews using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Participants described four major structural and process barriers in current lung cancer care: unmet psychosocial support needs, lack of understanding of precision medicine, undertreated symptoms, and financial concerns about cancer, which exacerbate concerns regarding families' well-being. Participants described that trusting relationship with their cancer care team members was a facilitator for high-quality care and suggested that proactive integration of proactive psychosocial and community-based peer support could overcome some of the identified barriers. CONCLUSION: This study identified modifiable health system lung cancer care delivery barriers that contribute to persistent disparities. Opportunities to improve care include integration of community-based peer support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manali I. Patel
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Medical Services, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Madhuri Agrawal
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Palo Alto Veterans Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA
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