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Xiang P, Wang X, Liu K, Wu B, Liang C, Song Z. Spatio-temporal dynamics of fish assemblage in the Datong and Xiaotong rivers, karst tributaries in the upper Yangtze River drainage: Implications for ecological adaptation and conservation of fish in rivers. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Datong and Xiaotong rivers are karst tributaries in the upper Yangtze River drainage and represent considerable habitat diversity that contributes to high fish diversity and rich fishery resources in the two rivers. During the few decades, fish resources have abruptly declined due to overfishing, water pollution and habitat degradation. In order to further strengthen conservation and restoration of fish resources and provide scientific support for fishery management in these rivers, the temporal and spatial dynamics of fish assemblage in the Datong and Xiaotong rivers were investigated in the present study. A total of 45 species were captured at 30 sample sites during four surveys conducted from March 2016 to January 2017. Species diversity and richness both increased from upstream to downstream in the two rivers. The fish assemblages significantly differed between river reaches, while did not differ in significantly between 4 months. The spatial variations in the abundance of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, Zacco platypus, Triplophysa bleekeri, Sinogastromyzon szechuanensis, Platysmacheilus nudiventris, Sinibrama taeniatus, Saurogobio gymnocheilus, Pseudorasbora parva, Pseudobagrus truncates and Opsariichthys bidens were considered to contribute most to the spatial pattern of fish assemblages. The lack of a temporal pattern of the fish assemblage in the rivers might be attributed to ecological habits of short-distance migration and diversified mesohabitats with riffles and pools for fish spawning, feeding or overwintering within a very short river range. Our results suggest the spatio-temporal dynamics of fish assemblages is highly adapted to the habitat characteristics in the two karst rivers. We recommend that fish conservation of these tributaries be focused on the mesohabitats, particularly the many pools and riffles.
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Leungbootnak A, Puntumetakul R, Kanpittaya J, Chatprem T, Boucaut R. Validity of a Screening Tool for Patients with a Sub-Threshold Level of Lumbar Instability: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12151. [PMID: 34831906 PMCID: PMC8622495 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lumbar instability (LI) comprises one subgroup of those with chronic low back pain (CLBP); it indicates the impairment of at least one of the spinal stabilizing systems, and radiographic criteria of translation and rotation are used for its diagnosis. Previous studies have developed and tested a screening tool for LI where patients with sub-threshold lumbar instability (STLI) were detected in the initial stage of lumbar pathology using radiographs as a gold standard for diagnosis. The radiographic measurement in STLI lies between the range of translation and rotation of the LI and asymptomatic lumbar motion. However, there are no studies indicating the validity and cut-off points of the screening tool for STLI. The current study aimed to determine the validity of an LI screening tool to support the diagnostic process in patients with STLI. This study design was cross-sectional in nature. A total of 135 participants with CLBP, aged between 20 and 60 years, who had undergone flexion and extension radiographs, answered a screening tool with 14 questions. The cut-off score for identifying STLI using the screening tool was at least 6/14 positive responses to the LI questions. The findings suggested that the LI screening tool we tested is effective for the detection of STLI. The tool can be used in outpatient settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Leungbootnak
- Research Center of Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (A.L.); (T.C.)
| | - Rungthip Puntumetakul
- Research Center of Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (A.L.); (T.C.)
| | - Jaturat Kanpittaya
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Thiwaphon Chatprem
- Research Center of Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (A.L.); (T.C.)
| | - Rose Boucaut
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence (iCAHE), School of Health Sciences (Physiotherapy), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;
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Hacker ML, Ploucher S, Naik AG, Turchan M, Meystedt JC, Harper K, Hedera P, Pirtle CJ, Stubblefield K, Charles D. A Simple Bedside Screening Tool for Spasticity Referral. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:655-662. [PMID: 32523335 PMCID: PMC7234972 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s248602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Spasticity is common in long-term care facilities; however, this often-disabling condition is largely underdiagnosed in this setting and therefore left untreated. This study aimed to test the ability of a three-question flowchart used at the bedside by primary care providers in the long-term care setting to identify residents in need of referral to a specialist for spasticity consultation. Methods All residents of a single long-term care facility were approached for participation in this cross-sectional, observational study. Spasticity diagnostic evaluations by a movement disorders specialist neurologist (reference standard) were compared with referral determinations made by two primary care providers [a primary care physician (PCP) and a nurse practitioner (NP)] using the simple flowchart. Results The analysis included 49 residents (80% male, age 78.2±9.0 years) who were evaluated by the reference standard neurologist and at least one primary care provider. The bedside referral tool demonstrated high sensitivity and moderate specificity when used by the PCP (92% and 78%, respectively; AUC=0.84) and NP (80% and 53%, respectively; AUC=0.67). Conclusion This simple tool may be useful for primary care providers to identify residents to be referred to a specialist for evaluation and treatment of spasticity. These results warrant further investigation of the potential utility of this screening tool across multiple long-term care facilities and various types of care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory L Hacker
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shelby Ploucher
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Aaditi G Naik
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maxim Turchan
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Kelly Harper
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter Hedera
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Claude J Pirtle
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - David Charles
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Bromberg JS, Hittle L, Xiong Y, Saxena V, Smyth EM, Li L, Zhang T, Wagner C, Fricke WF, Simon T, Brinkman CC, Mongodin EF. Gut microbiota-dependent modulation of innate immunity and lymph node remodeling affects cardiac allograft outcomes. JCI Insight 2018; 3:121045. [PMID: 30282817 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that the gut microbiota influences survival of murine cardiac allografts through modulation of immunity. Antibiotic pretreated mice received vascularized cardiac allografts and fecal microbiota transfer (FMT), along with tacrolimus immunosuppression. FMT source samples were from normal, pregnant (immune suppressed), or spontaneously colitic (inflammation) mice. Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (B. pseudolongum) in pregnant FMT recipients was associated with prolonged allograft survival and lower inflammation and fibrosis, while normal or colitic FMT resulted in inferior survival and worse histology. Transfer of B. pseudolongum alone resulted in reduced inflammation and fibrosis. Stimulation of DC and macrophage lines with B. pseudolongum induced the antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10 and homeostatic chemokine CCL19 but induced lesser amounts of the proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6. In contrast, LPS and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (D. desulfuricans), more abundant in colitic FMT, induced a more inflammatory cytokine response. Analysis of mesenteric and peripheral lymph node structure showed that B. pseudolongum gavage resulted in a higher laminin α4/α5 ratio in the lymph node cortical ridge, indicative of a suppressive environment, while D. desulfuricans resulted in a lower laminin α4/α5 ratio, supportive of inflammation. Discrete gut bacterial species alter immunity and may predict graft outcomes through stimulation of myeloid cells and shifts in lymph node structure and permissiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Bromberg
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lauren Hittle
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Institute for Genome Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yanbao Xiong
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vikas Saxena
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eoghan M Smyth
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Institute for Genome Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lushen Li
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tianshu Zhang
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chelsea Wagner
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - W Florian Fricke
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Simon
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Colin C Brinkman
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmanuel F Mongodin
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Institute for Genome Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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