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Xu L, Abd El-Aty AM, Zhao J, Lei X, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Cui X, She Y, Jin F, Wang J, Jin M, Hammock BD. Obtaining a Monoclonal Antibody against a Novel Prometryn-Like Hapten and Characterization of Its Selectivity for Triazine Herbicides. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:22. [PMID: 36671858 PMCID: PMC9855386 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a previously unreported 3-((4-(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) amino) butyric acid hapten was designed and synthesized. This maximized the exposure of the antigen-determinant isopropyl of prometryn to the immune system in animals to induce the production of anticipated highly specific anti-prometryn antibodies. The hapten has a molecular weight of 285.37 Da. The compound was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR), nuclear magnetic resonance carbon spectroscopy (13C NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). By using the active ester approach, immunogens and coated antigens were created. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as an immunogen, along with the successfully produced hapten, to immunize mice. The IC50 value of mouse monoclonal anti-prometryn antibody (mAb) 7D4 (the quantity of analyte that generated 50% prometryn inhibition) was 3.9 ng/mL. The anti-prometryn mAb was of the IgG1 subclass. The IC20 (80% binding level (B/B0) of prometryn)-IC80 (20% binding level (B/B0) of prometryn) range of the anti-prometryn monoclonal antibody standard curve working range was 0.9-18.1 ng/mL. The prepared mAb has good characteristics because it can specifically recognize prometryn, and the cross-reaction rates for ametryn, desmetryn, and terbumeton were 34.77%, 18.09%, and 7.64%, respectively. The cross-reaction rate with the other seven triazines was less than 1%. The hapten structure proposed can serve as an additional tool for modulating selectivity in detecting triazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyuan Xu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xingmei Lei
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xueyan Cui
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongxin She
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fen Jin
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Maojun Jin
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology & Nematology and the UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Kang HS, Kim M, Kim EJ, Choe WJ. Determination of 66 pesticide residues in livestock products using QuEChERS and GC-MS/MS. Food Sci Biotechnol 2020; 29:1573-1586. [PMID: 33088606 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00798-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Determinations of 66 pesticide residues in different matrices including beef, pork, chicken, eggs, and milk were conducted using GC-MS/MS combined with the quick easy cheap effective rugged safe (QuEChERS) method for sample extraction. A high linearity was achieved in the concentration range from 2.5 to 1000 µg/L (R 2 ≥ 0.99), and the limit of quantification for multi-class pesticides ranged from 0.74 to 23.1 µg/kg. The recovery ranged from 70.0 to 120%, while the reproducibility of the measurements was between 0.23 and 19.9%. Monitoring was conducted for livestock products purchased from local markets. Chlorpyrifos and fenitrothion in beef and chlorpyrifos in pork were detected below the maximum residue limits for the respective samples. No detectable residues were found in the other samples. Due to its high efficiency, reproducibility, and simple analytical operation, the proposed method can be applied to the regular monitoring of multi-residue pesticides in livestock products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Soon Kang
- Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Gyeongin Regional Office of Food and Drug Safety, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - MeeKyung Kim
- Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Gyeongin Regional Office of Food and Drug Safety, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Kim
- Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Gyeongin Regional Office of Food and Drug Safety, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jo Choe
- Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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An integrated strategy for rapid on-site screening and determination of prometryn residues in herbs. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:621-633. [PMID: 31907590 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We produced a prometryn-specific monoclonal antibody and propose a strategy for convenient on-site detection of prometryn residues in herbs for the first time. This strategy has perfect applicability in a complex herbal medicine matrix. The strategy combines a semiquantitative immunochromatographic strip assay with a heterologous indirect competitive ELISA. When there was no matrix interference, the ELISA had a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 2.6 ng·mL-1 and a limit of detection of 0.2 ng·mL-1. The immunochromatographic strip assay can be completed within 5 min with a visual limit of detection of 1 ng·mL-1. Although the sample matrix had different effects on the sensitivity of the antibody, excellent repeatability and accuracy were achieved. The method was successfully applied for the screening and determination of prometryn residue in multiple complex herb samples for the first time, and the results were in good agreement with those obtained by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The proposed strategy is rapid, of high-throughput, and of low cost, and may be a promising choice for on-site detection of prometryn in different kinds of herbs. Graphical abstract.
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