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Sun H, Lv C, Zhang X, Sun X, Chen S, Li K, Hu Y, Feng Y, Yin T, Jia J. Association of CHAT Gene Polymorphism rs3793790 and rs2177370 with Donepezil Response and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease Continuum. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:1041-1050. [PMID: 38894884 PMCID: PMC11182730 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s462786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic variation plays an important role in drug response, there are few relevant studies on patients with Alzheimer's disease continuum (ADC). Objective This study focused on the associations between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3793790 and rs2177370) located in the CHAT gene and donepezil response in ADC patients, and further evaluated the associations between the two SNPs and ADC. Material and Methods According to 2018 National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) standard, amyloid β-protein positive (Aβ+) and negative (Aβ-) patients were recruited according to the Aβ-PET/CT standard. rs3793790 and rs2177370 were genotyped in buccal swab samples by using the MassARRAY system. We used the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) in Chinese version, caregiver evaluation, and prescribing behavior to assess therapeutic response during the 9-month period. Using logistic regression models, we analyzed the relationship between the two SNPs and donepezil response in 58 Aβ+ patients treated with donepezil alone at the initial diagnosis of ADC. We also explored a probable link between the two SNPs and ADC in 147 Aβ+ and 73 Aβ- patients using a logistic regression analysis. Results The chance of donepezil response was higher in patients with the G allele of rs3793790 and/or the A allele of rs2177370 than in those without (odds ratio (OR) 6.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.64-28.49). Additionally, the rs3793790 variant was not associated with ADC, whereas the A allele in rs2177370 increased 1.51-fold the ADC risk (OR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.28-4.95). Conclusion The genetic variants of rs3793790 and rs2177370 were associated with the donepezil response, and rs2177370 may have a moderate relationship with the risk of ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Sun
- Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Lv
- Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yazhuo Hu
- Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Feng
- Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Yin
- Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Jia
- Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Xiang X, Xia S, Li S, Zeng Y, Wang L, Zhou Y. Study on the role and mechanism of Tan IIA in Alzheimer's disease based on CREB-BDNF-TrkB pathway. Neurosci Lett 2024; 830:137769. [PMID: 38616003 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely related to neuronal loss, inflammatory response, cholinergic imbalance, and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation. Previous studies have confirmed that Streptozotocin (STZ) can be used to establish a rat model of AD by injecting it into the rat brain via the lateral ventricle. Our previous research showed that Danshentone IIA (Tan IIA) can improve cognitive dysfunction in rats caused by CC chemokine ligand 2, and network pharmacology results show that Tan IIA is very likely to improve AD symptoms through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tyrosine kinase receptor protein (TrkB) pathway. The results of the water maze experiment showed that after Tan IIA treatment, the escape latency of AD rats was shortened and the number of platform crossings increased; in the new object recognition experiment, the discrimination index of AD rats significantly increased after treatment; Nissl staining and Tunel staining results showed that Tan IIA increased the number of surviving neurons in the hippocampus of cognitively impaired rats and reduced neuronal apoptosis; Bielschowsky silver staining results showed that Tan IIA reduced neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the AD rats; Tan IIA can reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress reaction in the hippocampus of AD rats, and at the same time reduce the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Tan IIA can significantly increase the expression of CREB, BDNF, TrkB in the hippocampal tissue of STZ-injured rats (P < 0.05). These data suggest that Tan IIA may upregulate the expression of the CREB-BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway in the hippocampus of brain tissue, produce anti-neuroinflammatory, antioxidant stress, inhibit neuronal apoptosis effects, and improve cholinergic neurotransmitter disorder induced by STZ, reduce the neuronal damage and learning and memory impairment caused by STZ in rats, and improve the cognitive function of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyong Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Siyu Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shan Li
- College of Nursing, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yirong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Lixuan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Vuic B, Milos T, Tudor L, Nikolac Perkovic M, Konjevod M, Nedic Erjavec G, Farkas V, Uzun S, Mimica N, Svob Strac D. Pharmacogenomics of Dementia: Personalizing the Treatment of Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2048. [PMID: 38002991 PMCID: PMC10671071 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a syndrome of global and progressive deterioration of cognitive skills, especially memory, learning, abstract thinking, and orientation, usually affecting the elderly. The most common forms are Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and other (frontotemporal, Lewy body disease) dementias. The etiology of these multifactorial disorders involves complex interactions of various environmental and (epi)genetic factors and requires multiple forms of pharmacological intervention, including anti-dementia drugs for cognitive impairment, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and sedatives for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, and other drugs for comorbid disorders. The pharmacotherapy of dementia patients has been characterized by a significant interindividual variability in drug response and the development of adverse drug effects. The therapeutic response to currently available drugs is partially effective in only some individuals, with side effects, drug interactions, intolerance, and non-compliance occurring in the majority of dementia patients. Therefore, understanding the genetic basis of a patient's response to pharmacotherapy might help clinicians select the most effective treatment for dementia while minimizing the likelihood of adverse reactions and drug interactions. Recent advances in pharmacogenomics may contribute to the individualization and optimization of dementia pharmacotherapy by increasing its efficacy and safety via a prediction of clinical outcomes. Thus, it can significantly improve the quality of life in dementia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vuic
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.V.); (T.M.); (L.T.); (M.N.P.); (M.K.); (G.N.E.); (V.F.)
| | - Tina Milos
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.V.); (T.M.); (L.T.); (M.N.P.); (M.K.); (G.N.E.); (V.F.)
| | - Lucija Tudor
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.V.); (T.M.); (L.T.); (M.N.P.); (M.K.); (G.N.E.); (V.F.)
| | - Matea Nikolac Perkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.V.); (T.M.); (L.T.); (M.N.P.); (M.K.); (G.N.E.); (V.F.)
| | - Marcela Konjevod
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.V.); (T.M.); (L.T.); (M.N.P.); (M.K.); (G.N.E.); (V.F.)
| | - Gordana Nedic Erjavec
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.V.); (T.M.); (L.T.); (M.N.P.); (M.K.); (G.N.E.); (V.F.)
| | - Vladimir Farkas
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.V.); (T.M.); (L.T.); (M.N.P.); (M.K.); (G.N.E.); (V.F.)
| | - Suzana Uzun
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatry, University Hospital Vrapce, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.U.); (N.M.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ninoslav Mimica
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatry, University Hospital Vrapce, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.U.); (N.M.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Svob Strac
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.V.); (T.M.); (L.T.); (M.N.P.); (M.K.); (G.N.E.); (V.F.)
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Lista S, Vergallo A, Teipel SJ, Lemercier P, Giorgi FS, Gabelle A, Garaci F, Mercuri NB, Babiloni C, Gaire BP, Koronyo Y, Koronyo-Hamaoui M, Hampel H, Nisticò R. Determinants of approved acetylcholinesterase inhibitor response outcomes in Alzheimer's disease: relevance for precision medicine in neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 84:101819. [PMID: 36526257 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) are the global standard of care for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and show significant positive effects in neurodegenerative diseases with cognitive and behavioral symptoms. Although experimental and large-scale clinical evidence indicates the potential long-term efficacy of ChEI, primary outcomes are generally heterogeneous across outpatient clinics and regional healthcare systems. Sub-optimal dosing or slow tapering, heterogeneous guidelines about the timing for therapy initiation (prodromal versus dementia stages), healthcare providers' ambivalence to treatment, lack of disease awareness, delayed medical consultation, prescription of ChEI in non-AD cognitive disorders, contribute to the negative outcomes. We present an evidence-based overview of determinants, spanning genetic, molecular, and large-scale networks, involved in the response to ChEI in patients with AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. A comprehensive understanding of cerebral and retinal cholinergic system dysfunctions along with ChEI response predictors in AD is crucial since disease-modifying therapies will frequently be prescribed in combination with ChEI. Therapeutic algorithms tailored to genetic, biological, clinical (endo)phenotypes, and disease stages will help leverage inter-drug synergy and attain optimal combined response outcomes, in line with the precision medicine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lista
- Memory Resources and Research Center (CMRR), Neurology Department, Gui de Chauliac University Hospital, Montpellier, France; School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Vergallo
- Sorbonne University, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Stefan J Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Pablo Lemercier
- Sorbonne University, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Filippo Sean Giorgi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Audrey Gabelle
- Memory Resources and Research Center (CMRR), Neurology Department, Gui de Chauliac University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Francesco Garaci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Casa di Cura "San Raffaele Cassino", Cassino, Italy
| | - Nicola B Mercuri
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Hospital San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, Italy
| | - Bhakta Prasad Gaire
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yosef Koronyo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maya Koronyo-Hamaoui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Applied Cell Biology and Physiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harald Hampel
- Sorbonne University, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Robert Nisticò
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy.
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Ayoub I, George MY, Menze ET, Mahmoud M, Botros M, Essam M, Ashmawy I, Shendi P, Hany A, Galal M, Ayman M, Labib R. Insights on the neuroprotective effects of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia microphylla Kunth in memory impairment rat model. Food Funct 2022; 13:2253-2268. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02988f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salvia species have a traditional longstanding culinary use mostly consumed in the Mediterranean diet as a common spice added to food. Salvia is commonly consumed as an herbal tea for...
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Sumirtanurdin R, Thalib AY, Cantona K, Abdulah R. Effect of genetic polymorphisms on Alzheimer's disease treatment outcomes: an update. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:631-642. [PMID: 30992661 PMCID: PMC6445219 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s200109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations in individuals may cause differences in the response to cholinesterase inhibitor drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Through this review, we aimed to understand the potential relationship between genetic polymorphisms and treatment response in AD. We conducted a systematic review of the studies published from 2006 to 2018 that assessed the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and the pharmacotherapeutic outcomes of patients with AD. Via several possible mechanisms, genetic polymorphisms of many genes, including ABCA1, ApoE3, CYP2D6, CHAT, CHRNA7, and ESR1, appear to have strong correlations with the treatment response of patients with AD. Indeed, these genetic polymorphisms, either in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms or direct changes to one or more amino acids, have been shown to cause differences in the therapeutic response. In summary, our findings indicate that genetic polymorphisms should be considered in the management of AD to achieve both effective and efficient treatment outcomes in terms of cost and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyadi Sumirtanurdin
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia,
| | - Amirah Y Thalib
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia,
| | - Kelvin Cantona
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia,
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia, .,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia,
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Zhu B, Chen C, Moyzis RK, Dong Q, Lin C. The Choline Acetyltransferase (CHAT) Gene is Associated with Parahippocampal and Hippocampal Structure and Short-term Memory Span. Neuroscience 2018; 369:261-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Simchovitz A, Heneka MT, Soreq H. Personalized genetics of the cholinergic blockade of neuroinflammation. J Neurochem 2017; 142 Suppl 2:178-187. [PMID: 28326544 PMCID: PMC5600134 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine signaling is essential for cognitive functioning and blocks inflammation. To maintain homeostasis, cholinergic signaling is subjected to multi‐leveled and bidirectional regulation by both proteins and non‐coding microRNAs (‘CholinomiRs’). CholinomiRs coordinate the cognitive and inflammatory aspects of cholinergic signaling by targeting major cholinergic transcripts including the acetylcholine hydrolyzing enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Notably, AChE inhibitors are the only currently approved line of treatment for Alzheimer's disease patients. Since cholinergic signaling blocks neuroinflammation which is inherent to Alzheimer's disease, genomic changes modifying AChE's properties and its susceptibility to inhibitors and/or to CholinomiRs regulation may affect the levels and properties of inflammasome components such as NLRP3. This calls for genomic‐based medicine approaches based on genotyping of both coding and non‐coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes involved in cholinergic signaling. An example is a SNP in a recognition element for the primate‐specific microRNA‐608 within the 3′ untranslated region of the AChE transcript. Carriers of the minor allele of that SNP present massively elevated brain AChE levels, increased trait anxiety and inflammation, accompanied by perturbed CholinomiR‐608 regulatory networks and elevated prefrontal activity under exposure to stressful insults. Several additional SNPs in the AChE and other cholinergic genes await further studies, and might likewise involve different CholinomiRs and pathways including those modulating the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. CholinomiRs regulation of the cholinergic system thus merits in‐depth interrogation and is likely to lead to personalized medicine approaches for achieving better homeostasis in health and disease. This is an article for the special issue XVth International Symposium on Cholinergic Mechanisms. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Simchovitz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Hermona Soreq
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
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Gao L, Zhang Y, Deng J, Yu W, Yu Y. Polymorphisms of CHAT but not TFAM or VR22 are Associated with Alzheimer Disease Risk. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1924-35. [PMID: 27272392 PMCID: PMC4917321 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that is one of the most prevalent health problems among seniors. The cause of AD has not yet been elucidated, but many risk factors have been identified that might contribute to the pathogenesis and prognosis of AD. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies involving CHAT, TFAM, and VR22 polymorphisms and AD susceptibility to further understand the pathogenesis of AD. Material/Methods PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles. Rs1880676, rs2177369, rs3810950, and rs868750 of CHAT; rs1937 and rs2306604 of TFAM; and rs10997691 and rs7070570 of VR22 are studied in this meta-analysis. Results A total of 51 case-control studies with 16 446 cases and 16 057 controls were enrolled. For CHAT, rs2177369 (G>A) in whites and rs3810950 (G>A) in Asians were found to be associated with AD susceptibility. No association was detected between rs1880676 and rs868750 and AD risk. For TFAM and VR22, no significant association was detected in studied single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Conclusions Rs2177369 and rs3810950 of CHAT are associated with AD susceptibility, but rs1880676 and rs868750 are not. Rs1937 and rs2306604 of TFAM, and rs10997691 and rs7070570 of VR22 are not significantly associated with AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hiser Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Hiser Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jinghua Deng
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Wenbing Yu
- Fundamental Teaching Center, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yunxia Yu
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Haiyang City, Haiyang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Kuzmickienė J, Kaubrys G. Cognitive Results of CANTAB Tests and Their Change Due to the First Dose of Donepezil May Predict Treatment Efficacy in Alzheimer Disease. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:3887-99. [PMID: 26656642 PMCID: PMC4684140 DOI: 10.12659/msm.896327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ability to predict the efficacy of treatment in Alzheimer disease (AD) may be very useful in clinical practice. Cognitive predictors should be investigated alongside with the demographic, genetic, and other predictors of treatment efficacy. The aim of this study was to establish whether the baseline measures of CANTAB tests and their changes due to the first donepezil dose are able to predict the efficacy of treatment after 4 months of therapy. We also compared the predictive value of cognitive, clinical, and demographic predictors of treatment efficacy in AD. Material/Methods Seventy-two AD patients (62 treatment-naïve and 10 donepezil-treated) and 30 controls were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, rater-blinded, follow-up study. Treatment-naïve AD patients were randomized to 2 groups to take the first donepezil dose after the first or second CANTAB testing, separated by 4 hours. Follow-up Test 3 was performed 4 months after the initial assessment. Results The groups were similar in age, education, gender, Hachinski index, and depression. General Regression Models (GRM) have shown that cognitive changes after the first dose of donepezil in PAL (t-values for regression coefficients from 3.43 to 6.44), PRMd (t=4.33), SWM (t=5.85) test scores, and baseline results of PAL (t=2.57–2.86), PRM (t=3.08), and CRT (t=3.42) tests were significant predictors of long-term donepezil efficacy in AD (p<0.05). Conclusions The cognitive changes produced by the first donepezil dose in CANTAB PAL, PRM, and SWM test measures are able to predict the long-term efficacy of donepezil in AD. Baseline PAL, PRM, and CRT test results were significant predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgita Kuzmickienė
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University; Center of Neurology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Kaubrys
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University; Center of Neurology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
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