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Almeida GN, de Souza RN, Lima LFS, Mohallem NDS, da Silva EP, Silva AMA. The Influence of the Synthesis Method on the Characteristics of BaTiO 3. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:3031. [PMID: 37109866 PMCID: PMC10145538 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, barium titanate powders were produced by sol-gel and sol-precipitation methods from metal alkoxides. In the sol-gel method, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate was mixed with 2-propanol, acetic acid and barium acetate, and the gel samples obtained were calcined at 600 °C, 800 °C and 1000 °C. Through the sol-precipitation method, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate was mixed with acetic acid and deionized water and precipitated by the addition of a concentrated solution of KOH. The products were calcined at various temperatures, and the microstructural and dielectric properties of the BaTiO3 prepared for the two processes were analyzed and compared. The results of these analyses allowed us to observe an increase in the tetragonal phase and the dielectric constant (15-50 at 20 kHz) with increasing temperatures in the samples produced by the sol-gel method, while the sample obtained by sol precipitation was cubic. The presence of BaCO3 is more evident in the sample produced by sol-precipitation, and the band gap of the products obtained did not show significant variation, changing the synthesis method (3.363-3.594 eV).
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Affiliation(s)
- G. N. Almeida
- Mechatronic Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, University of Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - R. N. de Souza
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, University of Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - L. F. S. Lima
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - N. D. S. Mohallem
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - E. P. da Silva
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, University of Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - A. M. A. Silva
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, University of Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Oliveira AP, Pereira ES, Biffani S, Medeiros AN, Silva AMA, Oliveira RL, Marcondes MI. Meta-analysis of the energy and protein requirements of hair sheep raised in the tropical region of Brazil. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 102:e52-e60. [PMID: 28252227 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate, through mathematical models, energy and protein requirements for maintenance and gain of hair sheep raised in the tropical region of Brazil. To determine the equation parameters, a meta-analysis of seven independent experiments of nutrient requirements was performed, comprising a total of 243 experimental units (animals), which were conducted under tropical conditions, using hair sheep in growing and finishing phases and endowed of the following quantitative data for each animal: body weight (BW), empty body weight (EBW), average daily gain (ADG), empty body gain (EBG), heat production (HP), metabolizable energy intake (MEI), retained energy (RE), metabolizable protein intake (MPI) and body protein content. The regression equations generated were as follows: for Net Energy for maintenance, (NEm ): LogHP(MJEBW-0.75day-1)=-0.6090(±0.07470)+0.5149(±0.07216)×MEI(MJEBW-0.75day-1); for Net Energy for gain, (NEg ): LogRE(MJEBW-0.75day-1)=0.03084(±0.05334)+0.8455(±0.04355)×LogEBG(kg/day); for Metabolizable Protein for maintenance,(MPm ): MPI(g/day) = 24.8470 (±7.3646) + 560.28 (±99.6582) × EBG(kg/day) ; for Net Protein for gain, (NPg ): NPg(kg/day)=0.1941×EBW(kg)-0.1058. The NEm requirement was 0.246 MJ EBW-0.75 day-1 . The metabolizable energy for maintenance requirement was 0.391 MJ EBW-0.75 day-1 . Considering an ADG of 100 g, the NEg requirement ranged from 0.496 to 1.701 MJ/day for animals with BW ranging from 10 to 40 kg respectively. The efficiencies of use of the metabolizable energy for maintenance and gain were 0.63 and 0.36 respectively. The MPm requirement was 3.097 g EBW-0.75 day-1 . Considering an ADG of 100 g, the NPg requirement ranged from 12.4 to 10.5 g/day for animals with BW ranging from 10 to 40 kg respectively. The total metabolizable energy and protein requirements were lower than those reported by the NRC and AFRC systems. Thus, our results support the hypothesis that nutrient requirements of hair sheep raised in tropical regions differ from wool sheep raised in temperate regions. Therefore, the use of the equations designed in this study is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - E S Pereira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - S Biffani
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Lodi, Italia
| | - A N Medeiros
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - A M A Silva
- Rural Health and Technology Center, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - R L Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - M I Marcondes
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Morais JS, Bezerra LR, Silva AMA, Araújo MJ, Oliveira RL, Edvan RL, Torreão JNC, Lanna DPD. Production, composition, fatty acid profile and sensory analysis of goat milk in goats fed buriti oil. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:395-406. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.0746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Rodrigues-Lisoni FC, Peitl P, Vidotto A, Polachini GM, Maniglia JV, Carmona-Raphe J, Cunha BR, Henrique T, Souza CF, Teixeira RAP, Fukuyama EE, Michaluart P, de Carvalho MB, Oliani SM, Tajara EH, Cury PM, de Carvalho MB, Dias-Neto E, Figueiredo DLA, Fukuyama EE, Góis-Filho JF, Leopoldino AM, Mamede RCM, Michaluart-Junior P, Moyses RA, Nóbrega FG, Nóbrega MP, Nunes FD, Ojopi EFB, Serafini LN, Severino P, Silva AMA, Silva WA, Silveira NJF, Souza SCOM, Tajara EH, Wünsch-Filho V, Amar A, Bandeira CM, Braconi MA, Brandão LG, Brandão RM, Canto AL, Cerione M, Cicco R, Chagas MJ, Chedid H, Costa A, Cunha BR, Curioni OA, Fortes CS, Franzi SA, Frizzera APZ, Gazito D, Guimarães PEM, Kaneto CM, López RVM, Macarenco R, Magalhães MR, Meneses C, Mercante AMC, Pinheiro DG, Polachini GM, Rapoport A, Rodini CO, Rodrigues-Lisoni FC, Rodrigues RV, Rossi L, Santos ARD, Santos M, Settani F, Silva FAM, Silva IT, Souza TB, Stabenow E, Takamori JT, Valentim PJ, Vidotto A, Xavier FCA, Yamagushi F, Cominato ML, Correa PMS, Mendes GS, Paiva R, Ramos O, Silva C, Silva MJ, Tarlá MVC. Genomics and proteomics approaches to the study of cancer-stroma interactions. BMC Med Genomics 2010; 3:14. [PMID: 20441585 PMCID: PMC2881110 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-3-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development and progression of cancer depend on its genetic characteristics as well as on the interactions with its microenvironment. Understanding these interactions may contribute to diagnostic and prognostic evaluations and to the development of new cancer therapies. Aiming to investigate potential mechanisms by which the tumor microenvironment might contribute to a cancer phenotype, we evaluated soluble paracrine factors produced by stromal and neoplastic cells which may influence proliferation and gene and protein expression. Methods The study was carried out on the epithelial cancer cell line (Hep-2) and fibroblasts isolated from a primary oral cancer. We combined a conditioned-medium technique with subtraction hybridization approach, quantitative PCR and proteomics, in order to evaluate gene and protein expression influenced by soluble paracrine factors produced by stromal and neoplastic cells. Results We observed that conditioned medium from fibroblast cultures (FCM) inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in Hep-2 cells. In neoplastic cells, 41 genes and 5 proteins exhibited changes in expression levels in response to FCM and, in fibroblasts, 17 genes and 2 proteins showed down-regulation in response to conditioned medium from Hep-2 cells (HCM). Nine genes were selected and the expression results of 6 down-regulated genes (ARID4A, CALR, GNB2L1, RNF10, SQSTM1, USP9X) were validated by real time PCR. Conclusions A significant and common denominator in the results was the potential induction of signaling changes associated with immune or inflammatory response in the absence of a specific protein.
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