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Telfah A, Charifi Z, Latelli N, Qattan IA, Baaziz H, Al-Bataineh QM, Alsaad AM, Sabirianov RF. Formation of hydrogen bonding network of methane sulfonic acid at low degree of hydration (MSA) m·(H 2O) n (m = 1-2 and n = 1-5). Sci Rep 2024; 14:11252. [PMID: 38755227 PMCID: PMC11099154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study employs ab initio calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the structural properties, 1H-NMR spectra, and vibrational spectra of methane sulfonic acid (MSA) at low degree of hydration. The findings reveal that energetically stable structures are formed by small clusters consisting of one or two MSA molecules (m = 1 and 2) and one or two water molecules in (MSA)m·(H2O)n (m = 1-2 and n = 1-5).These stable structures arise from the formation of strong cyclic hydrogen bonds between the proton of the hydroxyl (OH) group in MSA and the water molecules. However, clusters containing three or more water molecules (n > 2) exhibit proton transfer from MSA to water, resulting in the formation of ion-pairs composed of CH3SO3- and H3O+species. The measured 1H-NMR spectra demonstrate the presence of hydrogen-bonded interactions between MSA and water, with a single MSA molecule interacting with water molecules. This interaction model accurately represents the hydrogen bonding network, as supported by the agreement between the experimental and calculated NMR chemical shift results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Telfah
- Nanotechnology Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
- Fachhochschule Dortmund University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Dortmund, Germany.
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA.
| | - Z Charifi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of M'sila, 28000, M'sila, Algeria
- Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Materials, University of M'sila, M'sila, Algeria
| | - N Latelli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of M'sila, 28000, M'sila, Algeria
- Laboratoire Chimie des Matériaux et des Vivants: Activité, Réactivité, Université Batna1, 05001, Batna, Algerie
| | - Issam A Qattan
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - H Baaziz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of M'sila, 28000, M'sila, Algeria
- Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Materials, University of M'sila, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Qais M Al-Bataineh
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
- Experimental Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A M Alsaad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - R F Sabirianov
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
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Bani-Salameh AA, Ahmad AA, Alsaad AM, Qattan IA, Aljarrah IA. Synthesis, Optical, Chemical and Thermal Characterizations of PMMA-PS/CeO 2 Nanoparticles Thin Film. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1158. [PMID: 33916630 PMCID: PMC8038548 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of hybrid thin films based on polymethyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) doped with 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs). The As-prepared thin films of (PMMA-PS) incorporated with CeO2 NPs are deposited on a glass substrate. The transmittance T% (λ) and reflectance R% (λ) of PMMA-PS/CeO2 NPs thin films are measured at room temperature in the spectral range (250-700) nm. High transmittance of 87% is observed in the low-energy regions. However, transmittance decreases sharply to a vanishing value in the high-energy region. In addition, as the CeO2 NPs concentration is increased, a red shift of the absorption edge is clearly observed suggesting a considerable decrease in the band gap energy of PMMA-PS/CeO2 NPs thin film. The optical constants (n and k) and related key optical and optoelectronic parameters of PMMA-PS/Ce NPs thin films are reported and interpreted. Furthermore, Tauc and Urbach models are employed to elucidate optical behavior and calculate the band gaps of the as-synthesized nanocomposite thin films. The optical band gap energy of PMMA-PS thin film is found to be 4.03 eV. Optical band gap engineering is found to be possible upon introducing CeO2 NPs into PMMA-PS polymeric thin films as demonstrated clearly by the continuous decrease of optical band gap upon increasing CeO2 content. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis is conducted to identify the major vibrational modes of the nanocomposite. The peak at 541.42 cm-1 is assigned to Ce-O and indicates the incorporation of CeO2 NPs into the copolymers matrices. There were drastic changes to the width and intensity of the vibrational bands of PMMA-PS upon addition of CeO2 NPs. To examine the chemical and thermal stability, thermogravimetric (TGA) thermograms are measured. We found that (PMMA-PVA)/CeO2 NPs nanocomposite thin films are thermally stable below 110 °C. Therefore, they could be key candidate materials for a wide range of scaled multifunctional smart optical and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areen A. Bani-Salameh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.A.B.-S.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - A. A. Ahmad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.A.B.-S.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - A. M. Alsaad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.A.B.-S.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - I. A. Qattan
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ihsan A. Aljarrah
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.A.B.-S.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
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Al-Bataineh QM, Ahmad AA, Alsaad AM, Qattan IA, Aljarrah IA, Telfah AD. Effect of Iodine Filler on Photoisomerization Kinetics of Photo-Switchable Thin Films Based on PEO-BDK-MR. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050841. [PMID: 33803395 PMCID: PMC7967190 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the effect of an iodine filler on photoisomerization kinetics of photo-switchable PEO-BDK-MR thin films. The kinetics of photoisomerization and time progression of PEO-BDK-MR/I2 nanocomposite thin films are investigated using UV-Vis, FTIR spectroscopies, and modified mathematical models developed using new analytical methods. Incorporating iodine filler into the PEO-BDK-MR polymeric matrix enhances the isomerization energy barrier and considerably increases the processing time. Our outcomes propose that enhanced photoisomerized and time processed (PEO-BDK-MR)/I2 thin films could be potential candidates for a variety of applications involving molecular solar thermal energy storage media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais M. Al-Bataineh
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (Q.M.A.-B.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - A. A. Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (Q.M.A.-B.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - A. M. Alsaad
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (Q.M.A.-B.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - I. A. Qattan
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ihsan A. Aljarrah
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (Q.M.A.-B.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad D. Telfah
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany;
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research (HMCSR), The Jordan University, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Al-Bataineh QM, Ahmad AA, Alsaad AM, Telfah AD. Optical characterizations of PMMA/metal oxide nanoparticles thin films: bandgap engineering using a novel derived model. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05952. [PMID: 33506128 PMCID: PMC7814163 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesize and optically characterize pure PMMA and PMMA incorporated with metal oxides nanoparticles (MO NPs) such as ZnO, CuO, TiO2 and SiO2 NPs nanocomposite thin films with weight concentration of 10% using dip-coating technique. SEM images of MO NPs show that all NPs have nearly an average size of around 50 nm. The optical parameters such as, optical parameters (n and k), optoelectronics properties, dispersion, band-gap energy and band structure of as-prepared nanocomposite thin films were determined by analyzing the transmittance and reflectance spectra. Mainly, optical band-gap energy (Eg) and the thickness of thin films are evaluated to a high degree of accuracy by utilizing Q-functional derived using a mathematical model recently published. The Q(E) is a functional containing experimental transmission and reflection data and the incident photon energy. The Eg value of un-doped PMMA thin films is found to be 4.273 eV. This value decreases as pre-selected MO NPs are introduced into thin films. These values are in excellent agreement with those determined using Tauc method. The FTIR technique is employed to elucidate the vibrational bands of the nanocomposites and the intermolecular bonding between PMMA matrix and the MOs NPs. Thermal stability is investigated by employing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at temperatures up to 400 °C. The obtained TGA thermograms indicate that adding MOs NPs to PMMA yield thin films of better thermal stability. The obtained doped thin films show a great promise for fabricating high-efficient optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais M Al-Bataineh
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - A M Alsaad
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad D Telfah
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.,Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research (HMCSR), the Jordan University, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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Alsaad AM, Al-Bataineh QM, Telfah M, Ahmad AA, Albataineh Z, Telfah A. Optical properties and photo-isomerization processes of PMMA–BDK–MR nanocomposite thin films doped by silica nanoparticles. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Al-Bataineh QM, Alsaad AM, Ahmad AA, Telfah A. A novel optical model of the experimental transmission spectra of nanocomposite PVC-PS hybrid thin films doped with silica nanoparticles. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04177. [PMID: 32551396 PMCID: PMC7287248 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a novel derived optical model fitted to the experimental transmittance of PVC-PS hybrid thin films doped with Silica nanoparticles. The films are synthesized using a simple dip-coating method. The model has successfully interpreted the experimental spectral behaviour of transmittance of amorphous semiconductors and dielectric thin films. Interestingly, our model reproduces the optical parameters of the investigated thin films in good agreement with those predicted by Tauc plot. The great advantage of the proposed model over other models lies in its ability to explain the correlations between the film thickness and the optical bandgap. Furthermore, we investigate the structural, physical, and optical properties of PVC-PS- SiO2 thin films, in relevance to the silica percentage content. XRD measurements show that the as-prepared polymeric thin films are amorphous. In addition, SEM micrographs indicate that silica nanoparticles are well dispersed on the surface of the PVC-PS thin films with an average diameter of 100-400 nm. The effect of annealing parameters is also investigated to optimize the projected water contact angle of PVC-PS- SiO2 thin films. At annealing temperature of 2000°C, films become hydrophobic. The transmittance T% of the PVC-PS thin films is found to be about 83% in the visible region. The T% enhances to 90% upon adding silica NPs into PVC-PS polymeric thin films. Obtaining coatings with high transmittance is of crucial importance for several optoelectronic and photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais M Al-Bataineh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - A M Alsaad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - A A Ahmad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Telfah
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
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Al-Bataineh QM, Ahmad AA, Alsaad AM, Qattan IA, Bani-Salameh AA, Telfah AD. Kinematics of Photoisomerization Processes of PMMA-BDK-MR Polymer Composite Thin Films. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061275. [PMID: 32503120 PMCID: PMC7361985 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate and report on the kinematics of photoisomerization processes of polymer composite thin films based on azo dye methyl red (MR) hosted in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) incorporated with Benzyl dimethyl ketal (BDK) as a photo-initiator. Understanding photoisomerization mechanisms is crucial for several optical applications such as Read/Write/Erase (WRE) optical data storage media, UV light Read/Write heads, and UV light sensors. The as-prepared polymer composite thin films are characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are employed to investigate the optical, chemical, and morphological properties of trans- and cis-states of PMMA-BDK-MR polymer composite thin films. The presence of the azo dye MR in the composite is essential for the efficient performance of the cis ↔ trans cycles through illumination ↔ thermal relaxation for Write/Read/Erase optical data storage and UV-light sensors. Moreover, UV–Vis and FTIR results confirm the hysteresis cycle of trans- and cis-states and that PMMA-BDK-MR thin films may be regarded as potential candidates for successful Write/Read/Erase optical data storage and UV-light sensors. In addition, the morphology of the thin film surface is investigated by SEM technique. The SEM images indicate that uncured surfaces of PMMA-BDK-MR thin films are inhomogeneous compared with the corresponding surfaces after curing. The transformation from inhomogeneous surfaces to homogeneous surfaces is attributed to the polymerization of thin films by UV curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais M. Al-Bataineh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (Q.M.A.-B.); (A.A.A.); (A.A.B.-S.)
| | - A. A. Ahmad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (Q.M.A.-B.); (A.A.A.); (A.A.B.-S.)
| | - A. M. Alsaad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (Q.M.A.-B.); (A.A.A.); (A.A.B.-S.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +96-2720-1000 (ext. 23422); Fax: +962-2-7201071
| | - I. A. Qattan
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE;
| | - Areen A. Bani-Salameh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (Q.M.A.-B.); (A.A.A.); (A.A.B.-S.)
| | - Ahmad D. Telfah
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany;
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research (HMCSR), the Jordan University, Amman 11942, Jordan
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