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Paim TP, Paiva SR, de Toledo NM, Yamaghishi MB, Carneiro PLS, Facó O, de Araújo AM, Azevedo HC, Caetano AR, Braga RM, McManus C. Origin and population structure of Brazilian hair sheep breeds. Anim Genet 2021; 52:492-504. [PMID: 34087001 DOI: 10.1111/age.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Brazilian hair sheep constitute a genetic diversity hotspot. These animals are found in the harsh environments of the Brazilian Northwest (semi-arid) region. Genotypes (50K SNP chip) from seven Brazilian sheep breeds (five hair and two coarse wool types) and 87 worldwide breeds were used to test for population structure, admixture and genetic diversity. Moreover, phylogenetic trees evaluating migration events between genetic groups were built. Brazilian Somali, a fat-tailed breed, had a close relationship with East African breeds and clustered distinctly from other Brazilian breeds. Brazilian Blackbelly and Barbados Blackbelly had a close relationship. The Morada Nova breed did not show close relationships with European or African breeds, revealing a single migration event from an Algerian hair breed. Brazilian Fat-tail and Morada Nova share a common ancestor, but the former showed introgressions from Brazilian Somali and Afrikaner breeds, explaining the fat-tail phenotype. The Santa Inês breed received a substantial contribution from Brazilian Bergamasca and showed an admixed origin with recent introgressions from other breeds, mainly from Suffolk. Furthermore, Brazilian Somali and Brazilian Fat-tail are the most endangered sheep genetic resources in Brazil and should be the focus for ex situ conservation programs. In conclusion, Brazilian hair sheep show an African origin and are characterized by diverse genetic composition, reinforcing the need for conservation of these genetic resources, and at the same time, this highly diverse group has variability that can be used in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Paim
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910-900, Brazil.,Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Iporá, Goiás, 76200-000, Brazil
| | - S R Paiva
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70770-917, Brazil
| | - N M de Toledo
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - M B Yamaghishi
- Embrapa Informática Agropecuária, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-886, Brazil
| | - P L S Carneiro
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, Bahia, 45205-490, Brazil
| | - O Facó
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Sobral, Ceará, 62010-970, Brazil
| | - A M de Araújo
- Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina, Piaui, 64008-780, Brazil
| | - H C Azevedo
- Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, Sergipe, 49025-040, Brazil
| | - A R Caetano
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70770-917, Brazil
| | - R M Braga
- Embrapa Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima, 69301-970, Brazil
| | - C McManus
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910-900, Brazil
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Klein AL, de Araújo AM. Sexual Size Dimorphism in the Color Pattern Elements of Two Mimetic Heliconius Butterflies. Neotrop Entomol 2013; 42:600-606. [PMID: 27193278 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-013-0157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dichromatism and sexual dimorphism of body size are reasonably well studied in butterflies. Sexual size dimorphism of color pattern elements, however, is much less explored. The object of this study is Heliconius, a genus of butterflies well known for the coevolution between mate color preferences and mimicry. Given the sexual role of wing coloration, we investigated the existence of sexual size dimorphism in the wing color elements of a mimetic pair-Heliconius erato phyllis Fabricius and Heliconius besckei Ménétriés-and analyzed the allometric patterns of these traits. Correlation between size of elements in the dorsal and ventral wing surfaces were also estimated. In both species, three out of four elements were larger in males, but the non-dimorphic element was not the same. With regard to the allometric patterns, our most important finding was that smaller males of one species have proportionally larger yellow bars. This is the first study specifically concerning quantitative sexual dimorphism in the coloration of this well-known genus of butterflies and it opens new prospects to investigate sex-related natural selection and sexual selection of color pattern elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Klein
- Lab de Genética Ecológica, Depto de Genética, Univ Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Prédio 43323, sala 207, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Univ Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
| | - A M de Araújo
- Lab de Genética Ecológica, Depto de Genética, Univ Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Prédio 43323, sala 207, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Univ Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Aymone ACB, Valente VLS, de Araújo AM. Ultrastructure and morphogenesis of the wing scales in Heliconius erato phyllis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): what silvery/brownish surfaces can tell us about the development of color patterning? Arthropod Struct Dev 2013; 42:349-359. [PMID: 23792046 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Usually the literature on Heliconius show three types of scales, classified based on the correlation between color and ultrastructure: type I - white and yellow, type II - black, and type III - orange and red. The ultrastructure of the scales located at the silvery/brownish surfaces of males/females is for the first time described in this paper. Besides, we describe the ontogeny of pigmentation, the scale morphogenesis and the maturation timing of scales fated to different colors in Heliconius erato phyllis. The silvery/brownish surfaces showed ultrastructurally similar scales to the type I, II and III. The ontogeny of pigmentation follows the sequence red, black, silvery/brownish and yellow. The maturation of yellow-fated scales, however, occurred simultaneously with the red-fated scales, before the pigmentation becomes visible. In spite of the scales at the silvery/brownish surfaces being ultrastructurally similar to the yellow, red and black scales, they mature after them; this suggests that the maturation timing does not show a relationship with the scale ultrastructure, with the deposition timing of the yellow pigment. The analysis of H. erato phyllis scale morphogenesis, as well as the scales ultrastructure and maturation timing, provided new findings into the developmental architecture of color pattern in Heliconius.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C B Aymone
- Post-Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, C.P. 15053, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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