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de Bonis SL, Urgell C, Yang W, Samanta C, Noury A, Vergara-Cruz J, Dong Q, Jin Y, Bachtold A. Ultrasensitive Displacement Noise Measurement of Carbon Nanotube Mechanical Resonators. Nano Lett 2018; 18:5324-5328. [PMID: 30062893 PMCID: PMC6089494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical resonators based on a single carbon nanotube are exceptional sensors of mass and force. The force sensitivity in these ultralight resonators is often limited by the noise in the detection of the vibrations. Here, we report on an ultrasensitive scheme based on a RLC resonator and a low-temperature amplifier to detect nanotube vibrations. We also show a new fabrication process of electromechanical nanotube resonators to reduce the separation between the suspended nanotube and the gate electrode down to ∼150 nm. These advances in detection and fabrication allow us to reach [Formula: see text] displacement sensitivity. Thermal vibrations cooled cryogenically at 300 mK are detected with a signal-to-noise ratio as high as 17 dB. We demonstrate [Formula: see text] force sensitivity, which is the best force sensitivity achieved thus far with a mechanical resonator. Our work is an important step toward imaging individual nuclear spins and studying the coupling between mechanical vibrations and electrons in different quantum electron transport regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L de Bonis
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - C Urgell
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - W Yang
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - C Samanta
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - A Noury
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - J Vergara-Cruz
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Q Dong
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS , University of Paris-Sud, University of Paris-Saclay, C2N Marcoussis, 91460 Marcoussis , France
| | - Y Jin
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS , University of Paris-Sud, University of Paris-Saclay, C2N Marcoussis, 91460 Marcoussis , France
| | - A Bachtold
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
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Will M, Hamer M, Müller M, Noury A, Weber P, Bachtold A, Gorbachev RV, Stampfer C, Güttinger J. High Quality Factor Graphene-Based Two-Dimensional Heterostructure Mechanical Resonator. Nano Lett 2017; 17:5950-5955. [PMID: 28906119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ultralight mechanical resonators based on low-dimensional materials are well suited as exceptional transducers of minuscule forces or mass changes. However, the low dimensionality also provides a challenge to minimize resistive losses and heating. Here, we report on a novel approach that aims to combine different two-dimensional (2D) materials to tackle this challenge. We fabricated a heterostructure mechanical resonator consisting of few layers of niobium diselenide (NbSe2) encapsulated by two graphene sheets. The hybrid membrane shows high quality factors up to 245,000 at low temperatures, comparable to the best few-layer graphene mechanical resonators. In contrast to few-layer graphene resonators, the device shows reduced electrical losses attributed to the lower resistivity of the NbSe2 layer. The peculiar low-temperature dependence of the intrinsic quality factor points to dissipation over two-level systems which in turn relax over the electronic system. Our high sensitivity readout is enabled by coupling the membrane to a superconducting cavity which allows for the integration of the hybrid mechanical resonator as a sensitive and low loss transducer in future quantum circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Will
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University , 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Hamer
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Manchester Centre for Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - M Müller
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University , 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Noury
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Weber
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Bachtold
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R V Gorbachev
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Manchester Centre for Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - C Stampfer
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University , 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J Güttinger
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University , 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Ghannem M, Belhadj I, Tritar A, Moukala T, Amri N, Noury A, Zaghdoudi M. [Cannabis and acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2013; 62:424-8. [PMID: 24182845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cannabis is the most common substance of drug abuse in the world and has euphoric and hallucinogenic effects. Its cardiovascular effects are well-known. However, there is limited information concerning cannabis-induced acute coronary syndrome and the exact contribution of cannabis smoking to coronary artery disease. We report and discuss a case of ST-Elevation acute coronary syndrome occurring in a young patient aged 24 years, who was a heavy cannabis smoker.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ghannem
- Unité de cardiologie interventionnelle, faculté de médecine de Sousse, CHG de Gonesse, centre de prévention et de réadaptation cardiaque Léopold-Bellan-d'Ollencourt, 38, route de Choisy, 60170 Tracy-Le-Mont, France.
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