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Soma Y, Mori K, Noguchi Y, Kimura S, Fujiwara Y, Yamamoto Y, Itou Y, Okawa T, Murakami M, Matsuo K, Tanaka S, Mori N, Sugawara A. POS-161 A CASE OF EGPA THAT DEVELOPED DURING REMISSION OF IGA NEPHROPATHY. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Matsumoto Y, Kabuki S, Sugawara A, Kitahara T, Akiba T, Fujita Y, Kawamata I, Yamada K, Amino K, Sasaki Y, Nishida M, Murakami K, Sugahara K, Saito N, Kunieda E. Basic evaluation of a novel 4D target and human body phantom. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:145002. [PMID: 31146274 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab259c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is usually verified with a dynamic phantom or solid phantom, but there is a demand for phantoms that can accurately simulate tumor dynamics within an individual that would allow customized validation in every patient. We developed a new 4D dynamic target phantom (multi-cell 4D phantom) that allows simulation of tumor movement in patients. The basic quality and dynamic reproducibility of this new phantom was verified in this investigation. The newly developed multi-cell 4D phantom comprises four main components: soft tissue, bones, lungs, and tumor (target). The phantom structure was based on computed tomography (CT) data of a male. In this study, we investigated the basic performance of a multi-cell 4D phantom. All the CT numbers of the phantom were very close to those of human data. The geometric maximum amplitudes were 4.57 mm in the lateral direction, 4.59 mm in the ventrodorsal direction, and 3.68 mm in the cranio-caudal direction. Geometric errors were 0.84, 0.58, and 0.40 mm, respectively. Movements of the abdominal surface were stable for 60 s. Repeated measurements show no actual differences in target movements between multiple measurements and indicated high reproducibility (r > 0.97). End-to-end tests using Gafchromic film revealed a gamma pass rate of 98% or above (2 mm/3%). Although our phantom performed limited reproducibility in the movement of the patient tumor at present, a satisfactory level of precision was confirmed in general. This is a very promising device for use in the verification of radiation therapy for moving targets.
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Iuamoto L, Numakura G, Guedes T, Sugawara A, Imamura M, Battistella L. Physical medicine and rehabilitation league of Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo: An innovative model of undergraduate teaching and learning. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yoshimura M, Kunisawa T, Suno M, Sugawara A, Kurosawa A, Nakanishi R, Aoki K, Toriumi T. Intravenous dexmedetomidine for cesarean delivery and its concentration in colostrum. Int J Obstet Anesth 2017; 32:28-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Aoyama S, Miyazawa Y, Ogura K, Sugawara A, Hirata M. Improved Performance of Oversized Backward Wave Oscillator Driven by Weakly Relativistic Electron Beam. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hiura H, Sugawara A, Ogawa H, John RM, Miyauchi N, Miyanari Y, Horiike T, Li Y, Yaegashi N, Sasaki H, Kono T, Arima T. A tripartite paternally methylated region within the Gpr1-Zdbf2 imprinted domain on mouse chromosome 1 identified by meDIP-on-chip. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:10869. [PMID: 25016528 PMCID: PMC4176375 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Nakamura T, Yoshikawa T, Noguchi N, Sugawara A, Kasajima A, Sasano H, Yanai K. The expression and function of histamine H₃ receptors in pancreatic beta cells. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:171-85. [PMID: 24117016 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Histamine and its receptors in the CNS play important roles in energy homeostasis. Here, we have investigated the expression and role of histamine receptors in pancreatic beta cells, which secrete insulin. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The expression of histamine receptors in pancreatic beta cells was examined by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunostaining. Insulin secretion assay, ATP measurement and calcium imaging studies were performed to determine the function and signalling pathway of histamine H₃ receptors in glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) from MIN6 cells, a mouse pancreatic beta cell line. The function and signalling pathway of H₃ receptors in MIN6 cell proliferation were examined using pharmacological assay and Western blotting. KEY RESULTS Histamine H₃ receptors were expressed in pancreatic beta cells. A selective H₃ receptor agonist, imetit, and a selective inverse H₃ receptor agonist, JNJ-5207852, had inhibitory and facilitatory effects, respectively, on GIIS in MIN6 cells. Neither imetit nor JNJ-5207852 altered intracellular ATP concentration, or intracellular calcium concentration stimulated by glucose and KCl, indicating that GIIS signalling was affected by H3 receptor signalling downstream of the increase in intracellular calcium concentration. Moreover, imetit attenuated bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in MIN6 cells. The phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), which facilitated beta cell proliferation, was inhibited, though not significantly, by imetit, indicating that activated H₃ receptors inhibited MIN6 cell proliferation, possibly by decreasing CREB phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Histamine H₃ receptors were expressed in mouse beta cells and could play a role in insulin secretion and, possibly, beta cell proliferation.
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Yachi Y, Tanaka Y, Nishibata I, Sugawara A, Kodama S, Saito K, Sone H. Low BMI at age 20 years predicts gestational diabetes independent of BMI in early pregnancy in Japan: Tanaka Women's Clinic Study. Diabet Med 2013; 30:70-3. [PMID: 22612636 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03712.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Maternal obesity and weight gain since early adulthood are known predictors of gestational diabetes in Western countries. However, their impact has not been evaluated well in Asia, where mean BMI levels are generally lower than in Western countries. We therefore examined the associations of BMI at age 20 years and BMI change since age 20 years with the risk of gestational diabetes in Japanese pregnant women. METHODS Six hundred and twenty-four consecutive pregnant women without recognized diabetes before pregnancy, whose initial obstetric clinic visit was before 13 weeks' gestation, were prospectively observed. Weight at age 20 years was self-reported. Baseline height and weight measurements were obtained at the initial obstetric visit. Multivariate logistic regression analysis estimated the risk of incident gestational diabetes for BMI change since 20 years and BMI at age 20 years. RESULTS Twenty-eight women developed incident gestational diabetes. By multivariate logistic regression analysis that adjusted for maternal age, parity and baseline BMI, we observed a statistically significant inverse association between BMI at age 20 years and incidence of gestational diabetes (odds ratio 0.68, 95% CI 0.51-0.92). Similarly, when we assessed the association of BMI change since age 20 years, adjusted for maternal age and parity, BMI change was associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes (odds ratio 1.26, 95% CI 1.03-1.53). When we focused on the threshold of risk of gestational diabetes, women with BMI at 20 years of less than 18 kg/m(2) had a 6.30-fold (2.26-17.59) greater risk than women with both BMI at age 20 years of 18 kg/m(2) or more and BMI change since age 20 years of less than 1.85. CONCLUSIONS Both low BMI at age 20 years and BMI change since age 20 years were significantly associated with increased risk of incident gestational diabetes.
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Sugawara A, Kawai K, Motohashi S, Saito K, Kodama S, Yachi Y, Hirasawa R, Shimano H, Yamazaki K, Sone H. HbA(1c) variability and the development of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes: Tsukuba Kawai Diabetes Registry 2. Diabetologia 2012; 55:2128-31. [PMID: 22580991 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2572-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to examine the association between HbA(1c) variability and the development of microalbuminuria as defined by an albumin/creatinine ratio ≥ 3.4 mg/mmol (≥ 30 mg/g) in at least two of three consecutive urine samples in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS HbA(1c) level was measured in 812 serially registered normoalbuminuric adults aged 21-79 years with type 2 diabetes. After registration, a 1-year period to establish baseline values for mean HbA(1c) and HbA(1c) variability (measured as the intrapersonal SD of serially collected HbA(1c)) was decided upon. The association between HbA(1c) variability and the development of microalbuminuria was determined by Cox regression analysis after adjustment for other risk factors for microalbuminuria. RESULTS Microalbuminuria occurred in 193 patients during the observation period of (mean ± SD) 4.3 ± 2.7 years. Even after adjustment for mean HbA(1c), HbA(1c) variability was a significant predictor of microalbuminuria independently of the mean HbA(1c); the HR for every 1% (95% CI) increase in mean HbA(1c) was 1.22 (1.06, 1.40) (p = 0.005), and that for HbA(1c) variability was 1.35 (1.05, 1.72) (p = 0.019). The effects of these two variables were quite similar when 1 SD was used; the HR for every 1 SD increase (95% CI) in HbA(1c) was 1.23 (1.07, 1.43) (p = 0.005), and that for HbA(1c) variability was 1.20 (1.03, 1.39) (p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION HbA(1c) variability affects the development of microalbuminuria independently of mean HbA(1c) in type 2 diabetes. Further studies should be performed to evaluate the influence of HbA(1c) variability on other complications and in individuals of other ethnicities with type 2 diabetes.
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Kuwabara T, Mori K, Mukoyama M, Kasahara M, Yokoi H, Saito Y, Ogawa Y, Imamaki H, Kawanishi T, Ishii A, Koga K, Mori KP, Kato Y, Sugawara A, Nakao K. Exacerbation of diabetic nephropathy by hyperlipidaemia is mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 in mice. Diabetologia 2012; 55:2256-66. [PMID: 22610400 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Hyperlipidaemia is an independent risk factor for the progression of diabetic nephropathy, but its molecular mechanism remains elusive. We investigated in mice how diabetes and hyperlipidaemia cause renal lesions separately and in combination, and the involvement of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the process. METHODS Diabetes was induced in wild-type (WT) and Tlr4 knockout (KO) mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). At 2 weeks after STZ injection, normal diet was substituted with a high-fat diet (HFD). Functional and histological analyses were carried out 6 weeks later. RESULTS Compared with treatment with STZ or HFD alone, treatment of WT mice with both STZ and HFD markedly aggravated nephropathy, as indicated by an increase in albuminuria, mesangial expansion, infiltration of macrophages and upregulation of pro-inflammatory and extracellular-matrix-associated gene expression in glomeruli. In Tlr4 KO mice, the addition of an HFD to STZ had almost no effects on the variables measured. Production of protein S100 calcium binding protein A8 (calgranulin A; S100A8), a potent ligand for TLR4, was observed in abundance in macrophages infiltrating STZ-HFD WT glomeruli and in glomeruli of diabetic nephropathy patients. High-glucose and fatty acid treatment synergistically upregulated S100a8 gene expression in macrophages from WT mice, but not from KO mice. As putative downstream targets of TLR4, phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) was enhanced in kidneys of WT mice co-treated with STZ and HFD. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Activation of S100A8/TLR4 signalling was elucidated in an animal model of diabetic glomerular injury accompanied with hyperlipidaemia, which may provide novel therapeutic targets in progressive diabetic nephropathy.
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Yamaguchi T, Hamadate N, Sugawara A, Togashi H, Yamamoto T, Yoshioka M. [Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin ameliorates brain dysfunction after transient cerebral ischemia in rats]. NIHON SHINKEI SEISHIN YAKURIGAKU ZASSHI = JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 32:97-99. [PMID: 22708265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Abstract
In order to obtain a large deflection angle without increasing the applied voltage to an electron biprism, we have developed a 'twin-electron biprism' (TBP), which is composed of two filament electrodes and a pair of ground plates. The observed interference-fringe spacing revealed that the deflection angle created by a TBP was about twice larger than that by a 'conventional electron biprism'. Also, we have suggested, in a double-electron biprism interferometry, the optimal disposition of a TBP for reducing the intensity of Fresnel fringes recorded in an electron hologram.
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Collier AC, Milam KA, Rougée LRA, Sugawara A, Yamauchi Y, Ward MA. Upregulation of Ugt1a genes in placentas and fetal livers in a murine model of assisted reproduction. Placenta 2011; 33:77-80. [PMID: 22115498 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genes from Ugt1a family in placenta and fetal liver are responsible for hormone, nutrient and chemical balance during pregnancy. Assisted reproduction technologies (ART) i.e. intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) alter steroid homeostasis in pregnancy through increased glucuronidation. Here we show that ART (particularly ICSI) upregulates Ugt1a1, 1a2, 1a6 and 1a9 expression in murine placentas and fetal livers with higher mRNA related to lower progesterone (1a1) and cholesterol (1a2, 1a6) in placentas. Greater steroid clearance in ART through transcriptional upregulation of Ugt1a in the placental-fetal unit may decrease the availability of essential molecules, mediating negative reproductive outcomes.
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Sugawara A, Kudo M, Saito A, Matsuda K, Uruno A, Ito S. Novel effects of beraprost sodium on vasculatures. INT ANGIOL 2010; 29:28-32. [PMID: 20357746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Beraprost sodium (BPS) is a stable orally active prostacyclin analogue with vasodilatory and anti-platelet effects, and has been widely used as therapeutics for pulmonary artery hypertension and chronic arterial obstruction. In order to elucidate its effects on endothelium, we first examined the short-term effects of BPS on nitric oxide (NO) production and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation using bovine aortic endothelial cells. Short-term treatment of BPS induced NO production as well as eNOS phosphorylation at Ser-1179 mediated via cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. The effects of BPS on capillary-like tube formation were next determined using human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs)/normal human dermal fibroblasts co-culture system. BPS was observed to induce capillary-like tube formation mediated via cAMP/PKA pathway, but not via NO generation. Finally, we performed DNA microarray analyses using RNA extracted from BPS treated HUVECs. Interestingly, BPS up-regulated several genes involved in angiogenesis, anti-atherosclerosis, and endothelial function, while down-regulated several genes involved in atherosclerosis. Our data therefore indicate that BPS may be useful not only for patients with pulmonary artery hypertension and chronic arterial obstruction, but also for general atherosclerotic patients complicated with endothelial dysfunction. Further studies are needed to clarify molecular mechanisms of these BPS effects including the involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta.
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Sato W, Hoshi K, Kawakami J, Sato K, Sugawara A, Saito Y, Yoshida K. Assisting the diagnosis of Graves’ hyperthyroidism with Bayesian-type and SOM-type neural networks by making use of a set of three routine tests and their correlation with free T4. Biomed Pharmacother 2010; 64:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2008] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Mizukami H, Wada R, Yonezawa A, Sugawara A, Yagihashi S. Suppression of post-prandial hyperglycaemia by pioglitazone improved islet fibrosis and macrophage migration in the Goto-Kakizaki rat. Diabetes Obes Metab 2008; 10:791-4. [PMID: 18937646 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nagae T, Mori K, Mukoyama M, Kasahara M, Yokoi H, Suganami T, Sawai K, Yoshioka T, Koshikawa M, Saito Y, Ogawa Y, Kuwabara T, Tanaka I, Sugawara A, Kuwahara T, Nakao K. Adrenomedullin inhibits connective tissue growth factor expression, extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and renal fibrosis. Kidney Int 2008; 74:70-80. [DOI: 10.1038/ki.2008.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yokoi H, Mukoyama M, Mori K, Kasahara M, Suganami T, Sawai K, Yoshioka T, Saito Y, Ogawa Y, Kuwabara T, Sugawara A, Nakao K. Overexpression of connective tissue growth factor in podocytes worsens diabetic nephropathy in mice. Kidney Int 2007; 73:446-55. [PMID: 18075496 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a potent inducer of extracellular matrix accumulation. In diabetic nephropathy, CTGF expression is markedly upregulated both in podocytes and mesangial cells, and this may play an important role in its pathogenesis. We established podocyte-specific CTGF-transgenic mice, which were indistinguishable at baseline from their wild-type littermates. Twelve weeks after streptozotocin-induced diabetes, these transgenic mice showed a more severe proteinuria, mesangial expansion, and a decrease in matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity compared to diabetic wild-type mice. Furthermore, diabetic transgenic mice exhibited less podocin expression and a decreased number of diffusely vacuolated podocytes compared to diabetic wild-type mice. Importantly, induction of diabetes in CTGF-transgenic mice resulted in a further elevation of endogenous CTGF mRNA expression and protein in the glomerular mesangium. Our findings suggest that overexpression of CTGF in podocytes is sufficient to exacerbate proteinuria and mesangial expansion through a functional impairment and loss of podocytes.
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Kawase T, Takeda A, Kunieda E, Ishibashi R, Kamikubo Y, Sugawara A, Ohashi T, Fukada J, Shigematsu N, Kubo A. Symptomatic Extrapulmonary Soft-Tissue Fibrosis Resulting From Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy Pulmonary Nodular Lesion. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Shinozawa T, Sugawara A, Matsumoto A, Han YJ, Tomioka I, Inai K, Sasada H, Kobayashi E, Matsumoto H, Sato E. Development of rat tetraploid and chimeric embryos aggregated with diploid cells. ZYGOTE 2006; 14:287-97. [PMID: 17266787 DOI: 10.1017/s096719940600387x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2005] [Accepted: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIn the present study, we examined the preimplantation and postimplantation development of rat tetraploid embryos produced by electrofusion of 2-cell-stage embryos. Developmental rate of tetraploid embryos to morula or blastocyst stage was 93% (56/60) and similar to that found in diploid embryos (95%, 55/58). After embryo transfer, rat tetraploid embryos showed implantation and survived until day 8 of pregnancy, however the conceptuses were aberrant on day 9. In mouse, tetraploid embryos have the ability to support the development of blastomeres that cannot develop independently. As shown in the present study, a pair of diploid blastomeres from the rat 8-cell-stage embryo degenerated immediately after implantation. Therefore, we examined whether rat tetraploid embryos have the ability to support the development of 2/8 blastomeres. We produced chimeric rat embryos in which a pair of diploid blastomeres from an 8-cell-stage green fluorescent protein negative (GFP−) embryo was aggregated with three tetraploid blastomeres from 4-cell GFP-positive (GFP+) embryos. The developmental rate of rat 2n(GFP−) ↔ 4n(GFP+) embryos to the morula or blastocyst stages was 93% (109/117) and was similar to that found for 2n(GFP−) ↔ 2n(GFP+) embryos (100%, 51/51). After embryo transfer, 2n(GFP−) ↔ 4n(GFP+) conceptuses were examined on day 14 of pregnancy, the developmental rate to fetus was quite low (4%, 4/109) and they were all aberrant and smaller than 2n(GFP−) ↔ 2n(GFP+) conceptuses, whereas immunohistochemical analysis showed no staining for GFP in fetuses. Our results suggest that rat tetraploid embryos are able to prolong the development of diploid blastomeres that cannot develop independently, although postimplantation development was incomplete.
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Makino H, Mukoyama M, Mori K, Suganami T, Kasahara M, Yahata K, Nagae T, Yokoi H, Sawai K, Ogawa Y, Suga S, Yoshimasa Y, Sugawara A, Tanaka I, Nakao K. Transgenic overexpression of brain natriuretic peptide prevents the progression of diabetic nephropathy in mice. Diabetologia 2006; 49:2514-24. [PMID: 16917760 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-006-0352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2005] [Accepted: 05/15/2006] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a potent vasorelaxing and natriuretic peptide that is secreted from the heart and has cardioprotective properties. We have previously generated hypotensive transgenic mice (BNP-Tg mice) that overproduce BNP in the liver, which is released into the circulation. Using this animal model, we successfully demonstrated the amelioration of renal injury after renal ablation and in proliferative glomerulonephritis. Glomerular hyperfiltration is an early haemodynamic derangement, representing one of the key mechanisms of the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Based on the suggested involvement of increased endogenous natriuretic peptides, the aim of this study was to investigate their role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the progression of renal injury and fibrogenesis in BNP-Tg mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin. We also investigated the effect of BNP on high glucose-induced signalling abnormalities in mesangial cells. RESULTS After induction of diabetes, control mice exhibited progressively increased urinary albumin excretion with impaired renal function, whereas these changes were significantly ameliorated in BNP-Tg mice. Notably, diabetic BNP-Tg mice revealed minimal mesangial fibrogenesis with virtually no glomerular hypertrophy. Glomerular upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, TGF-beta and extracellular matrix proteins was also significantly inhibited in diabetic BNP-Tg mice. In cultured mesangial cells, activation of the above cascade under high glucose was abrogated by the addition of BNP. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Chronic excess of BNP prevents glomerular injury in the setting of diabetes, suggesting that renoprotective effects of natriuretic peptides may be therapeutically applicable in preventing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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Suzuki T, Hayashi S, Miki Y, Nakamura Y, Moriya T, Sugawara A, Ishida T, Ohuchi N, Sasano H. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in human breast carcinoma: a modulator of estrogenic actions. Endocr Relat Cancer 2006; 13:233-50. [PMID: 16601291 DOI: 10.1677/erc.1.01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) inhibit proliferation of breast carcinoma cells, but the biological significance of PPARgamma remains undetermined in human breast carcinomas. Therefore, we immunolocalized PPARgamma in 238 human breast carcinoma tissues. PPARgamma immunoreactivity was detected in 42% of carcinomas, and was significantly associated with the status of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, ERbeta, progesterone receptor, retinoic X receptors, p21 or p27, and negatively correlated with histological grade or cyclooxygenase-2 status. PPARgamma immunoreactivity was significantly associated with an improved clinical outcome of breast carcinoma patients by univariate analysis, and multivariate analysis demonstrated that PPARgamma immunoreactivity was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in ERalpha-positive patients. We then examined possible mechanisms of modulation by PPARgamma on estrogenic actions in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. A PPARgamma activator, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)- prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)), significantly inhibited estrogen-responsive element-dependent transactivation by estradiol in MCF-7 cells, which was blocked by addition of a PPARgamma antagonist GW9662. Subsequent study, employing a custom-made microarray focused on estrogen-responsive genes, revealed that mRNA expression was significantly regulated by estradiol in 49 genes, but this significance vanished on addition of 15d-PGJ(2) in 16 out of 49 (33%) genes. These findings were confirmed by real-time PCR in 11 genes. 15d-PGJ(2) significantly inhibited estrogen-mediated proliferation of MCF-7 cells, and caused accumulation of p21 and p27 protein. These results suggest that PPARgamma is mainly expressed in well-differentiated and ER-positive breast carcinomas, and modulates estrogenic actions.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Apoptosis
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/genetics
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/metabolism
- Estrogens/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunologic Factors/pharmacology
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- PPAR gamma/genetics
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Prostaglandin D2/analogs & derivatives
- Prostaglandin D2/pharmacology
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Transcriptional Activation
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Yoshikawa M, Sugawara A, Ishlda T, Moriya H, Yamazaki K, Asano F, Inoue K, Saito J, Ohtsuka Y, Munakata M. O-031 Bronchoscopy with real-time virtual navigation under fluoroscopy is useful for diagnosis of small peripheral pulmonary lesions. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hongo M, Kanatsuka H, Sugawara A, Nagasaki Y, Endo Y, Karahashi K, Shoji T, Sagami Y, Aoki I. Primary care in the treatment of functional gastrointestinal symptoms in Japan: prescription preferences and impression of results. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 21 Suppl 2:47-54. [PMID: 15943847 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02474.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are common in primary care. However, proper pharmacological approaches have not yet been established. The reason for a lack of proper approaches may be attributable to the lack in clarity of their pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Meta-analysis of pharmacological approaches to functional GI disorders failed to identify the solid cluster of patients' symptoms. AIM The aim of this study is to assess the perspective of primary care doctors concerning prescriptions for functional GI symptoms, evaluate the efficacy of the drugs prescribed, and the need for medication for these symptoms. METHOD Questionnaires were sent to primary care doctors, and a total of 149 responses were obtained. Efficacy of each medication was evaluated by the number of doctors favouring the category, and the respective impressions of prescriptions given. RESULTS Symptoms of heartburn were well controlled by anti-secretory drugs (H2RAs and PPIs), while appetite loss and abdominal gurgling were not controlled by any medications. CONCLUSIONS This survey reveals differences in need for various prescription drugs in functional GI symptoms.
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Miyawaki T, Masuzaki H, Ogawa Y, Hosoda K, Nishimura H, Azuma N, Sugawara A, Masuda I, Murata M, Matsuo T, Hayashi T, Inoue G, Yoshimasa Y, Nakao K. Clinical implications of leptin and its potential humoral regulators in long-term low-calorie diet therapy for obese humans. Eur J Clin Nutr 2002; 56:593-600. [PMID: 12080397 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2001] [Revised: 10/04/2001] [Accepted: 10/17/2001] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To address the clinical implications of leptin and to re-examine the relationship between leptin and its potential humoral regulators such as insulin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and triiodothyronine (T3) in low-calorie diet (LCD) for obese humans. DESIGN Longitudinal study. SETTING University and foundation hospitals. SUBJECTS Ten obese men and 10 premenopausal obese women. INTERVENTIONS Five men and five women took 800 kcal/day LCD and another five men and five women took 1400 kcal/day balanced deficit diet (BDD) during 4 weeks. RESULTS Plasma leptin levels in the LCD group decreased more markedly (46.2+/-14.6 to 13.2+/-3.6 ng/ml) than that expected for the decrement in percentage fat (39.0+/-1.7 to 35.9+/-1.7%) and body mass index (BMI; 35.4+/-2.4 to 33.1+/-2.2 kg/m(2)), while that in the BDD group did not decrease significantly (14.9+/-3.5 to 13.4+/-2.8 ng/ml). The ratio of the decrease in leptin levels to that of BMI during the first week was significantly greater than that during the following 3 weeks (39.5+/-2.7 vs 29.3+/-2.1%, P=0.017). The plasma insulin and T3 levels also fell substantially in the first week and continued to decrease during the entire course. Plasma leptin levels measured weekly in each subject were correlated well with insulin (r=0.586, P=0.0003) and T3 (r=0.785, P=0.0004). Multiple regression analyses after adjustment for the time course and BMI revealed that serum levels of T3 were independently correlated with plasma leptin levels (r=0.928, P<0.0001). The plasma NEFA level was markedly elevated during the first 2 weeks and decreased thereafter. CONCLUSIONS A rapid fall in leptin during the first week of LCD, coordinated by insulin, T3 and NEFA, should be beneficial for responding to decreased energy intake. Inversely, in view of the powerful effect of leptin on energy dissipation, the present findings suggest the potential usefulness of leptin in combination with caloric restriction for the treatment of obesity. SPONSORSHIP The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan.
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