1
|
Sougiannis AT, VanderVeen BN, Enos RT, Velazquez KT, Bader JE, Carson M, Chatzistamou I, Walla M, Pena MM, Kubinak JL, Nagarkatti M, Carson JA, Murphy EA. Impact of 5 fluorouracil chemotherapy on gut inflammation, functional parameters, and gut microbiota. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:44-55. [PMID: 30807838 PMCID: PMC6660349 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota may influence the response to chemotherapy. We sought to characterize the effects of 5 fluorouracil (5FU) chemotherapy on colon inflammation and functional measures in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to further determine whether gut microbiota can influence this response. 50 C57BL/6 were randomized into four groups; Control + Vehicle (n = 10), Control + 5FU (n = 10), AOM/DSS + Vehicle (n = 15), and AOM/DSS + 5FU (n = 15). CRC was induced chemically by a single 10 mg/kg injection of azoxymethane (AOM) followed by two cycles (2% and 1%) of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Mice were then treated with 3 cycles of vehicle or 5FU (cycle 1: 40 mg/kg, cycle 2 + 3: 20 mg/kg). Functional tests (grip strength and run-to-fatigue) were performed prior to 5FU treatment (baseline) and at the completion of the second cycle of 5FU. Following the third 5FU cycle, mice were euthanized and the colon was evaluated for expression of inflammatory genes using RT-qPCR and stool samples were profiled using 16S rRNA sequencing. A second experiment used fecal microbiota transplantation from 5FU treated mice to control mice (n = 10-15/group) to determine whether 5FU associated changes in the microbiota could influence functional measures and colon inflammation. 5FU reduced grip strength (p < 0.05) and caused a trending decrease in run-to-fatigue performance in cancer mice (p = 0.06). Select intestinal inflammatory genes were significantly elevated with 5FU treatment and this was further exacerbated with cancer (p < 0.05). Microbiota analysis revealed increased dissimilarity and alterations in bacterial taxonomy in 5FU and AOM/DSS-treated mice (p < 0.05). Fecal transplant from 5FU treated mice reduced functional performance (p < 0.05) and altered select colon inflammatory markers (p < 0.05). This study provides evidence of an effect of 5FU on inflammatory responses and functional measures in a mouse model of CRC and suggests that gut microbes may play a role in some, but not all, 5FU related perturbations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A T Sougiannis
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA
| | - B N VanderVeen
- Department of Exercise Science, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC 29201, USA
| | - R T Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA
| | - K T Velazquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA
| | - J E Bader
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA
| | - M Carson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA
| | - I Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA
| | - M Walla
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Carolina, SC 29201, USA
| | - M M Pena
- Department of Biology, University of South Carolina, SC 29201, USA
| | - J L Kubinak
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA
| | - M Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA
| | - J A Carson
- College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - E A Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC 29209, USA.
| |
Collapse
|