Beta irradiation-induced thermoluminescence: Glow curve analysis and kinetic parameters in combustion-synthesized undoped Ca4YO(BO3)3

This study examines the thermoluminescent (TL) properties of undoped Ca4YO(BO3)3 phosphor, focusing on how it behaves under a variety of experimental conditions. The IRSL-TL 565 nm was chosen as the appropriate detection filter among various optical detection filter combinations. During the preheating trials conducted at a rate of 2 °C/s, the TL peak exhibited increased intensity, particularly around 200 °C. The experimental outcomes demonstrated a reliable linear relationship (R2 = 0.996 and b = 1.015) in the dose response of undoped preheated Ca4YO(BO3)3 within the range of 1-200 Gy. The investigation encompasses a range of techniques, including the TM-Tstop method, computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) analysis, and theoretical modelling. The application of the TM-Tstop method to samples irradiated with a 5 Gy dose revealed distinct zones on the TM versus Tstop diagram, signifying the presence of at least two discernible components within the TL glow curve, specifically, a single general order kinetics peak and a continuous distribution. The analysis of activation energy versus preheated temperature exhibited a stepwise curve, indicating five trap levels with depths ranging between 1.13 eV and 1.40 eV. The CGCD method also revealed the superposition of at least five distinct TL glow peaks. It was observed that their activation energies were consistent with the Tm-Tstop experiment. Furthermore, the low Figure of Merit (FOM) value of 1.18% indicates high reliability in the goodness-of-fit measure. These findings affirm the reliability and effectiveness of the employed methods in characterizing the TL properties of the Ca4YO(BO3)3 phosphor under investigation. Theoretical models, including the semi-localized transition model, were introduced to explain anomalous observations in TL glow peak intensities and heating rate patterns. While providing a conceptual framework, these models may require adjustments to accurately capture the specific characteristics uncovered through CGCD analysis. As a potential application, the study suggests that the characterized TL properties of Ca4YO(BO3)3 phosphor could be utilized in dosimetric applications, such as radiation dose measurements, owing to its reliable linear response within a broad dose range.

Temperature-responsive insights: Investigating Eu3+ and Dy3+ activated yttrium calcium oxyborate phosphors for structure and luminescence

An investigation into the luminescent behavior of YCOB (Yttrium Calcium Oxyborate) doped with Eu3+ and Dy3+ ions, synthesized via the combustion method, is presented. The study, employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses, confirms the structural integrity and purity of the synthesized nanophosphors. An XRD pattern exhibiting distinct crystalline peaks indicates that the dopant ions were successfully integrated into the YCOB lattice. The photoluminescence (PL) response of YCOB with Eu3+ and Dy3+ ions is thoroughly examined, uncovering distinct excitation and emission spectra. In the case of Eu3+ doping, excitation spectra reveal a significant charge transfer (CT) band at 254 nm, indicative of electron transfer between oxygen and europium ions. This CT transition enhances our understanding of the excitation behavior, with the dominant and Laporte-forbidden 5D0 → 7F2 transition. Characteristic peaks at 345 nm in the excitation spectra efficiently stimulate YCOB:Dy3+ when Dy3+ is used as a dopant. The primary emission peak at 585 nm corresponds to the hypersensitive electric dipole transition 4F9/2-6H13/2. Concentration quenching phenomena are observed, with a maximum Eu3+ concentration of 7 wt % attributed to the dipole-quadrupole interaction. Dy3+ doping, with a maximum concentration of 2 wt % primarily shows multipolar interactions, especially dipole-dipole interactions. The study extends to CIE chromaticity analysis, emphasizing Eu3+ doping's suitability for white light-emitting diode (WLED) applications and ensuring color stability. Conversely, varying Dy3+ concentrations do not yield consistent chromaticity coordinates. These findings have significant implications for the development of advanced phosphor materials across diverse applications, offering a roadmap for optimizing their optical performance.

Europium-doped strontium gadolinium oxide phosphor: Investigating structural and photoluminescence characteristics via sol-gel combustion synthesis

SrGd2O4 phosphors doped with Eu3+ were successfully synthesized through a sol-gel combustion method, covering a range of dopant concentrations from 0.25 mol% to 3 mol%. The structural analysis of these phosphor materials was comprehensively conducted utilizing various techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition to unveiling the structural characteristics, these analyses provide valuable insights into the compositional aspects, enhancing our understanding of the synthesized SrGd2O4:Eu3+ phosphors across different doping levels. XRD analysis findings validate the successful generation of the intended SrGd2O4 host, demonstrating orthorhombic system structures consistent with JPCD card number 98-019-3592. FTIR analyses conducted on the phosphor samples not only identify bending modes but also reveal intricate details about small vibration bonds within the material. When excited by the 349 nm laser, SrGd2O4:xEu3+ phosphors exhibit distinct photoluminescence (PL) properties like red emission at 614 nm from Eu3+. From the emission spectra, one can clearly observe that Eu3+ with an ionic radius close to the Gd3+ ion preferentially occupies the symmetry sites of the host lattice. The optimal doping concentration was determined to be 0.5 mol%, as revealed by the data in our study. Additionally, a deeper understanding of the luminescence quenching mechanism was attained, pinpointing the involvement of dipole-dipole (d-d) energy transfer in this intriguing phenomenon. This optimal concentration not only enhances the material's properties but also underscores the pivotal role of d-d interactions in governing the luminescence behavior within the doped system.

Adsorption of thorium (IV) ions using a novel borate-based nano material Ca3Y2B4O12: Application of response surface methodology and Artificial Neural Network

Since nuclear wastes are the most important wastes in terms of health and the environment, they are evaluated differently within nuclear reactors as well as in terms of their use in medical and industrial applications. In some cases, emergency intervention is necessary due to the amount of radioactivity or the physical and/or chemical conditions. . The purpose of this study is to investigate the adsorption properties of nano Ca₃Y₂B₄O₁₂ (CYBO) material synthesized by the sol-gel combustion method for the adsorption of Thorium (IV) from an aqueous medium. We tested how pH (3-8), the concentration of Th (IV) (25-125 mg/L), amount of adsorbent value (0.005-0.08 g) and temperature (20-60 °C), affect adsorption efficiency. The best possible combinations of these parameters were examined by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). R² values for RSM and ANN were 0.9964 and 0.9666, respectively. According to the models, the adsorption capacity under the optimum conditions determined for the RSM and ANN model was found to be 134.62 mg/g and 125.12 mg/g, respectively.