1
|
Habib AF, Manahan GG, Scherkl P, Heinemann T, Sutherland A, Altuiri R, Alotaibi BM, Litos M, Cary J, Raubenheimer T, Hemsing E, Hogan MJ, Rosenzweig JB, Williams PH, McNeil BWJ, Hidding B. Attosecond-Angstrom free-electron-laser towards the cold beam limit. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1054. [PMID: 36828817 PMCID: PMC9958197 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Electron beam quality is paramount for X-ray pulse production in free-electron-lasers (FELs). State-of-the-art linear accelerators (linacs) can deliver multi-GeV electron beams with sufficient quality for hard X-ray-FELs, albeit requiring km-scale setups, whereas plasma-based accelerators can produce multi-GeV electron beams on metre-scale distances, and begin to reach beam qualities sufficient for EUV FELs. Here we show, that electron beams from plasma photocathodes many orders of magnitude brighter than state-of-the-art can be generated in plasma wakefield accelerators (PWFAs), and then extracted, captured, transported and injected into undulators without significant quality loss. These ultrabright, sub-femtosecond electron beams can drive hard X-FELs near the cold beam limit to generate coherent X-ray pulses of attosecond-Angstrom class, reaching saturation after only 10 metres of undulator. This plasma-X-FEL opens pathways for advanced photon science capabilities, such as unperturbed observation of electronic motion inside atoms at their natural time and length scale, and towards higher photon energies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. F. Habib
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.450757.40000 0004 6085 4374The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, UK
| | - G. G. Manahan
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.450757.40000 0004 6085 4374The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, UK
| | - P. Scherkl
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.450757.40000 0004 6085 4374The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, UK ,grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - T. Heinemann
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.450757.40000 0004 6085 4374The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, UK
| | - A. Sutherland
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.450757.40000 0004 6085 4374The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, UK
| | - R. Altuiri
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.449346.80000 0004 0501 7602Physics Department, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - B. M. Alotaibi
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.449346.80000 0004 0501 7602Physics Department, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Litos
- grid.266190.a0000000096214564Department of Physics, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - J. Cary
- grid.266190.a0000000096214564Department of Physics, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA ,grid.448325.c0000 0004 0556 1325Tech-X Corporation, Boulder, USA
| | - T. Raubenheimer
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - E. Hemsing
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - M. J. Hogan
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - J. B. Rosenzweig
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - P. H. Williams
- grid.450757.40000 0004 6085 4374The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, UK ,grid.482271.a0000 0001 0727 2226ASTeC, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, UK
| | - B. W. J. McNeil
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.450757.40000 0004 6085 4374The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, UK
| | - B. Hidding
- grid.11984.350000000121138138Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK ,grid.450757.40000 0004 6085 4374The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, UK ,grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manahan GG, Habib AF, Scherkl P, Ullmann D, Beaton A, Sutherland A, Kirwan G, Delinikolas P, Heinemann T, Altuijri R, Knetsch A, Karger O, Cook NM, Bruhwiler DL, Sheng ZM, Rosenzweig JB, Hidding B. Advanced schemes for underdense plasma photocathode wakefield accelerators: pathways towards ultrahigh brightness electron beams. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2019; 377:20180182. [PMID: 31230572 PMCID: PMC6602916 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The 'Trojan Horse' underdense plasma photocathode scheme applied to electron beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration has opened up a path which promises high controllability and tunability and to reach extremely good quality as regards emittance and five-dimensional beam brightness. This combination has the potential to improve the state-of-the-art in accelerator technology significantly. In this paper, we review the basic concepts of the Trojan Horse scheme and present advanced methods for tailoring both the injector laser pulses and the witness electron bunches and combine them with the Trojan Horse scheme. These new approaches will further enhance the beam qualities, such as transverse emittance and longitudinal energy spread, and may allow, for the first time, to produce ultrahigh six-dimensional brightness electron bunches, which is a necessary requirement for driving advanced radiation sources. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Directions in particle beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. G. Manahan
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| | - A. F. Habib
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| | - P. Scherkl
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| | - D. Ullmann
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| | - A. Beaton
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| | - A. Sutherland
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| | - G. Kirwan
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P. Delinikolas
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| | - T. Heinemann
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. Altuijri
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
- Physics Department, Princess Nora Bint Abd Ulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Knetsch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - O. Karger
- Department of Experimental Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Z.-M. Sheng
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
- Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - J. B. Rosenzweig
- Particle Beam Physics Laboratory, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B. Hidding
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Walker PA, Alesini PD, Alexandrova AS, Anania MP, Andreev NE, Andriyash I, Aschikhin A, Assmann RW, Audet T, Bacci A, Barna IF, Beaton A, Beck A, Beluze A, Bernhard A, Bielawski S, Bisesto FG, Boedewadt J, Brandi F, Bringer O, Brinkmann R, Bründermann E, Büscher M, Bussmann M, Bussolino GC, Chance A, Chanteloup JC, Chen M, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Clarke J, Cole J, Couprie ME, Croia M, Cros B, Dale J, Dattoli G, Delerue N, Delferriere O, Delinikolas P, Dias J, Dorda U, Ertel K, Ferran Pousa A, Ferrario M, Filippi F, Fils J, Fiorito R, Fonseca RA, Galimberti M, Gallo A, Garzella D, Gastinel P, Giove D, Giribono A, Gizzi LA, Grüner FJ, Habib AF, Haefner LC, Heinemann T, Hidding B, Holzer BJ, Hooker SM, Hosokai T, Irman A, Jaroszynski DA, Jaster-Merz S, Joshi C, Kaluza MC, Kando M, Karger OS, Karsch S, Khazanov E, Khikhlukha D, Knetsch A, Kocon D, Koester P, Kononenko O, Korn G, Kostyukov I, Labate L, Lechner C, Leemans WP, Lehrach A, Li FY, Li X, Libov V, Lifschitz A, Litvinenko V, Lu W, Maier AR, Malka V, Manahan GG, Mangles SPD, Marchetti B, Marocchino A, Martinez de la Ossa A, Martins JL, Massimo F, Mathieu F, Maynard G, Mehrling TJ, Molodozhentsev AY, Mosnier A, Mostacci A, Mueller AS, Najmudin Z, Nghiem PAP, Nguyen F, Niknejadi P, Osterhoff J, Papadopoulos D, Patrizi B, Pattathil R, Petrillo V, Pocsai MA, Poder K, Pompili R, Pribyl L, Pugacheva D, Romeo S, Rossi AR, Roussel E, Sahai AA, Scherkl P, Schramm U, Schroeder CB, Schwindling J, Scifo J, Serafini L, Sheng ZM, Silva LO, Silva T, Simon C, Sinha U, Specka A, Streeter MJV, Svystun EN, Symes D, Szwaj C, Tauscher G, Thomas AGR, Thompson N, Toci G, Tomassini P, Vaccarezza C, Vannini M, Vieira JM, Villa F, Wahlström CG, Walczak R, Weikum MK, Welsch CP, Wiemann C, Wolfenden J, Xia G, Yabashi M, Yu L, Zhu J, Zigler A. Horizon 2020 EuPRAXIA design study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/874/1/012029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
4
|
Jaremko JL, Cheng RWT, Lambert RGW, Habib AF, Ronsky JL. Reliability of an efficient MRI-based method for estimation of knee cartilage volume using surface registration. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006; 14:914-22. [PMID: 16644245 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Accepted: 03/05/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To aid in detection of osteoarthritis (OA) progression in serial magnetic resonance (MR) scans, we assessed feasibility and accuracy of rapid 3D image registration of the tibial plateau in normal and arthritic subjects, and inter-scan reliability of semi-automated cartilage volume measurement from these images. DESIGN Two T1 fat-suppressed knee MR scans were obtained 2 weeks apart in healthy adults (n = 9, age 23-48 years). Four scans of each of three patients with established OA were obtained over 2 years. At baseline, the tibial surface was digitized by semi-automated edge detection and medial tibial plateau cartilage volume was calculated from high-intensity voxels within a manually drawn region of interest (ROI). In subsequent scans, the digitized tibial surface was registered to the baseline location by photogrammetric 3D coordinate transformation, and cartilage volume was automatically recalculated by reuse of the ROI. We measured registration accuracy by root mean square (RMS) distance between registered tibial surfaces. RESULTS In normals, RMS distance between tibial surfaces in baseline and subsequent scans was 1/3 voxel length (0.121 mm), and medial tibial plateau cartilage volumes varied by 1.4+/-3.2%. Despite change in cartilage volumes by up to 20% over 2 years in arthritic patients, surface registration accuracy was unaffected (0.122 mm). User-supervised processing time was 15 min at baseline and 7 min in subsequent scans. CONCLUSION Tibial surfaces on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be rapidly and accurately co-registered, even in arthritic knees, allowing direct visualization of changes over time. Compared to most current methods, cartilage volume measurement in registered images is faster and has equivalent inter-scan reliability in initially normal subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Jaremko
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gennur MN, Habib AF, Kadapa SN, Goud JV. Karyomorphological studies in Asiatic cottons. II. Karyotypic analysis of species and races of Asiatic cottons based on nucleolar chromosomes and symmetry of karyotype. CYTOLOGIA 1988. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.53.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. N. Gennur
- Department of Agricultural Botany, University of Agricultural Sciences
| | - A. F. Habib
- Department of Agricultural Botany, University of Agricultural Sciences
| | - S. N. Kadapa
- Department of Agricultural Botany, University of Agricultural Sciences
| | - J. V. Goud
- Department of Agricultural Botany, University of Agricultural Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gennur MN, Kadapa SN, Habib AF, Goud JV. Karyomorphological studies in Asiatic cottons. I. Karyotypic analysis of species and races of asiatic cottons based on chromatin content. CYTOLOGIA 1988. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.53.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. N. Gennur
- Department of Agricultural Botany, University of Agricultural Sciences
| | - S. N. Kadapa
- Department of Agricultural Botany, University of Agricultural Sciences
| | - A. F. Habib
- Department of Agricultural Botany, University of Agricultural Sciences
| | - J. V. Goud
- Department of Agricultural Botany, University of Agricultural Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. F. Habib
- Department of Botany, Karnatak University
- College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwar Campus
| |
Collapse
|