1
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Siede C, Komainda M, Tonn B, Wolter SMC, Schmitz A, Isselstein J. An inventory of grassland use on horse farms. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 134:105011. [PMID: 38281609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Horses can contribute to the maintenance of grassland. To determine the potential contribution of grassland to horse nutrition, we investigated the seasonal variation of herbage on offer and its nutritional quality in an inventory on six practical horse farms in Central Germany during 2019. On all horse-grazed pastures compressed sward height (CSH) was measured monthly and converted into aboveground herbage (AGH) to allocated short and tall grass sward areas (area-specific) via calibration cuts. In addition, four focus pastures were selected for monthly obtained area-specific herbage quality samples. The farm-specific management was monitored using questionnaires and grazing diaries to determine underlying factors influencing herbage biomass and quality. The proportion of short grass sward areas increased during the grazing season (p=0.0010), which was related to high stocking intensity in terms of livestock unit grazing days (LUGD, p <.0001). On most farms, LUGD were constant throughout the growing season and not adjusted to changing grass growth. Herbage crude protein (CP, p=0.0038), metabolizable energy (ME, p <.0001) concentrations and acid detergent fibre in the organic matter (ADF, p <.0001) differed among the grass sward areas. The results suggest that sufficient ME (4.2 ± 0.32 - 8.4 ± 0.15 MJ ME kg-1 DM) for maintenance and pre-caecal digestible CP (pcdCP) (37.0 ± 3.86 - 77.4 ± 4.44 g kg-1 DM) could be provided during the grazing season. The study highlights the need to incentivise grassland management for herbage provision among horse owners to exploit the potential of grassland during the grazing season.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Siede
- Department of Crop Sciences, Grassland Science, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - M Komainda
- Department of Crop Sciences, Grassland Science, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - B Tonn
- Department of Livestock Science, Group Animal Nutrition, FiBL Switzerland, Ackerstr. 113, 5070 Frick, Switzerland
| | - S M C Wolter
- Department of Crop Sciences, Grassland Science, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Schmitz
- Department of Crop Sciences, Grassland Science, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J Isselstein
- Department of Crop Sciences, Grassland Science, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Center of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Williams M, Pelekanou V, Hoehne J, Zoete J, Schmitz A, Bal T, Banerji T, Ferrer J, Bernard-Gauthier V, Rudolph M, Theron M, Cabanillas M, Lenga M, Di Tomaso E. 1648P Deep learning identifies oncogenic genetic alterations in BRAF and NTRK in H&E whole slide images from thyroid carcinomas. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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3
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Toliver B, Schmitz A, Haste P. Abstract No. 183 Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt reduction for medically refractory hepatic encephalopathy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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4
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Hayer J, Nysar D, Schmitz A, Leubner C, Heinemann C, Steinhoff-Wagner J. Wound lesions caused by ear tagging in unweaned calves: assessing the prevalence of wound lesions and identifying risk factors. Animal 2022; 16:100454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Zhang W, Schulze-Rath R, Farahmand B, Bender S, Schmitz A, Tukiainen M, Perälä M, Zong J. 132P TRKing PTC patients: NTRK gene fusion frequency and clinical characteristics of a Finnish papillary thyroid cancer cohort. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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6
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Schmitz A, Haste P, Johnson M. 03:27 PM Abstract No. 172 Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation to improve surgical candidacy prior to abdominal operation: a retrospective analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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7
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Schmitz A, Korbel R, Rinder M. Zygomycosis due to Mucor racemosus Associated with a Circovirus Infection in a Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus). J Comp Pathol 2018; 165:67-71. [PMID: 30502800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In spring 2014, several wild passeriform garden birds were found severely ill or dead, all with severe periocular swellings. A blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) showing severe depression was humanely destroyed and sent for necropsy examination. In this bird, the lower eyelids were sagging, red and oedematous. Microscopical examination revealed marked infiltration of the eyelid tissue with fungal hyphae (stained by periodic acid-Schiff) without any inflammatory reaction. Polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing identified Mucor racemosus and a so far unknown circovirus. The circovirus infection in this bird might have induced immunosuppression and thus facilitated the fungal infection. To our knowledge this is the first report of ocular M. racemosus infection associated with circovirus infection in a bird.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schmitz
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Birds, Small Mammals, Reptiles and Ornamental Fish, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstrasse 18, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
| | - R Korbel
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Birds, Small Mammals, Reptiles and Ornamental Fish, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstrasse 18, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - M Rinder
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Birds, Small Mammals, Reptiles and Ornamental Fish, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstrasse 18, Oberschleißheim, Germany
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Schmidt AR, Buehler PK, Meyer J, Weiss M, Schmitz A, Both CP. Length-based body weight estimation in paediatric patients: The impact of habitus-A clinical observational trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018; 62:1389-1395. [PMID: 29943477 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paediatric emergency tapes provide drug dosing based on the patient's estimated body weight. Unfortunately, published data revealed an unsatisfactory accuracy. A newly developed digital algorithm for weight estimation (CLAWAR) allowing a three-staged habitus adaptation (normal, obese, or cachectic; CLAWAR-3) demonstrated a higher accuracy for weight estimation compared to paediatric emergency tapes. However, the incidence of incorrectly evaluated habitus was 27%. A five-staged habitus adaptation with figural images was suggested by Wells et al to improve habitus and weight estimation. Therefore, CLAWAR was modified with five habitus stages including figural images (CLAWAR-5). We hypothized CLAWAR-5 improves the accuracy of weight estimation. METHODS After obtaining informed written parental consent patients were included in this single centre, prospective clinical observation trial. Body weight estimations by CLAWAR-3 and CLAWAR-5 within ±10% of the actual body weight were compared. Furthermore, the incidence of correct evaluated habitus was calculated. McNemar Tests were used for statistical analysis. Results presented as median (interquartiles), P < .003 considered significant. RESULTS In total, 312 patients aged 3.3 years (0.7-6.6), with a body length of 95.9 cm (70.0-121.2), weighing 14.8 kg (8.1-22.5), were included. Both CLAWAR-3 and CLAWAR-5 showed equivalent accuracy for weight estimation within the ±10% interval (62.2% vs 60.6%, P = .609). Despite adding figural images, the incidence of correct evaluated habitus with CLAWAR-5 (46.8%) was worse than with CLAWAR-3 (66.7%). CONCLUSION The five-staged habitus-adapted method could not improve the accuracy of weight estimation. Furthermore, the error rate of habitus classification was not reduced by the implementation of figural images.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Schmidt
- Department of Anaesthesia University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - P. K. Buehler
- Department of Anaesthesia University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - J. Meyer
- Department of Anaesthesia University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - M. Weiss
- Department of Anaesthesia University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. Schmitz
- Department of Anaesthesia University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - C. P. Both
- Department of Anaesthesia University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
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Schmidt A, Buehler K, Both C, Wiener R, Klaghofer R, Hersberger M, Weiss M, Schmitz A. Liberal fluid fasting: impact on gastric pH and residual volume in healthy children undergoing general anaesthesia for elective surgery. Br J Anaesth 2018; 121:647-655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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10
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Weiss M, Onodi C, Bühler PK, Thomas J, Schmitz A. End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring during paediatric general anaesthesia - a reply. Anaesthesia 2018; 73:647. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Weiss
- University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - C. Onodi
- University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - P. K. Bühler
- University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - J. Thomas
- University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. Schmitz
- University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
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Schmitz A, Korbel R, Thiel S, Wörle B, Gohl C, Rinder M. High prevalence of Mycobacterium genavense within flocks of pet birds. Vet Microbiol 2018; 218:40-44. [PMID: 29685219 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium genavense is regarded as the primary cause of mycobacteriosis in psittaciform and passeriform birds, which are commonly kept as pets. In humans, Mycobacterium genavense is especially pathogenic for young, old, pregnant and immunocompromised people (YOPIs). In birds, only few studies, mainly case reports, exist and there is still little e information about occurrence and relevance of this zoonotic pathogen. In this first pilot study concerning the prevalence of Mycobacterium genavense within flocks of naturally infected pet birds, real-time PCR examinations of 170 individual passeriform and psittaciform birds, including commonly kept budgerigars, lovebirds and zebra finches as well as gold finches and weaver finches, were conducted to determine the infection rate in six different aviaries. Antemortem examinations of faeces and cloacal swabs were compared with postmortem examinations of tissue samples to evaluate the reliability of antemortem diagnostics. Additional ophthalmologic examinations were performed to evaluate their diagnostic potential. Molecular examinations for viral co-infections, including circovirus, polyomavirus and adenovirus, were conducted to identify potential risk factors. PCR results revealed a detection prevalence of Mycobacterium genavense in the flocks varying from 3% to 91% based on postmortem testing, while antemortem diagnostics of faecal samples and swabs showed 64% discrepant (false negative) results. Ophthalmologic examinations were not useful in identifying infected birds within the flocks. Viral co-infections, especially with polyomavirus, were common. It has to be assumed that Mycobacterium genavense infections are widespread and underdiagnosed in companion birds. Viral infections might be an important risk factor. There is urgent need to improve antemortem diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schmitz
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Birds, Small Mammals, Reptiles and Ornamental Fish, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstr. 18, 85476, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
| | - R Korbel
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Birds, Small Mammals, Reptiles and Ornamental Fish, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstr. 18, 85476, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - S Thiel
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Birds, Small Mammals, Reptiles and Ornamental Fish, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstr. 18, 85476, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - B Wörle
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Straße 5, 82319, Seewiesen (Starnberg), Germany
| | - C Gohl
- Tierpark Hellabrunn, Tierparkstraße 30, 81543, München, Germany
| | - M Rinder
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Birds, Small Mammals, Reptiles and Ornamental Fish, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sonnenstr. 18, 85476, Oberschleißheim, Germany
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12
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Both C, Schmitz A, Buehler PK, Wittwer J, Weiss M, Schmidt AR. Comparison of a paediatric emergency ruler with a digital algorithm for weight and age estimation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2017; 61:1122-1132. [PMID: 28791696 DOI: 10.1111/aas.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency tapes like the "Paediatric-Emergency-Ruler" (PaedER) provide drug dosing and recommend medical airway equipment based on estimated patient bodyweight and age. Previous studies have revealed unsatisfactory accuracy in bodyweight estimation, due to the tapes' length-based weight categories. Therefore, we developed a digital algorithm allowing continuous length-based estimation of weight and age. The aim of this study was to compare the new algorithm with the PaedER regarding accuracy in estimating bodyweight and recommendation of medical airway equipment. METHODS Patients with a body length suitable for the PaedER were included in this single centre, prospective clinical observation trial after obtaining informed written parental consent. Bodyweight estimations by the algorithm and PaedER within ± 10% and ± 20% of the actual bodyweight were compared. Furthermore, medical airway equipment suggested by the PaedER and algorithm were compared with the equipment actually used for anaesthesia. Wilcoxon- and McNemar-Tests were used for statistical analysis. Results are median (interquartiles), P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS In total, 489 patients aged 2.0 years (0.4-5.9), with a body length of 89.0 cm (63.5-114.5), weighing 12.8 kg (6.3-19.6), were included. The algorithm's precision of bodyweight estimation within ± 10%/± 20% was significantly higher at 64.0%/91.6% than the PaedER at 55.4%/81.8% (P < 0.001). Compared to PaedER the algorithm showed a higher incidence of correctly recommended medical airway equipment based on its accuracy for age and bodyweight estimation. CONCLUSION The new digital algorithm is an alternative to conventional emergency tapes, showing improved accuracy regarding length-based estimation of bodyweight and recommendation of medical airway equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch. Both
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. Schmitz
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - P. K. Buehler
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - J. Wittwer
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - M. Weiss
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. R. Schmidt
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
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Buehler PK, Spielmann N, Buehrer S, Schmidt AR, Weiss M, Schmitz A. Intraoperative music application in children and adolescents - a pilot study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2017; 61:895-903. [PMID: 28685824 DOI: 10.1111/aas.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitalization, surgery and anaesthesia may lead to new-onset maladaptive behaviour, emotional distress and trauma. This pilot study aims to investigate the influence of intraoperatively applied music on post-operative behaviour in children and adolescents. METHODS Children with an ASA physical state classification of I or II, aged from 4 to 16 years and scheduled for elective circumcision or inguinal hernia repair under combined general and caudal anaesthesia were included. The children were randomized into two groups. They wore headphones during surgery, and were either exposed to music or not. All involved staff were blinded. Post-operative behaviour was documented by parents on day 7, 14 and 28 after surgery, using a questionnaire adapted from the "Post Hospitalization Behavioural Questionnaire" (PHBQ). Overall occurrence of at least one item indicating maladaptive behaviour was the primary outcome. Data are presented as median (interquartile range). RESULTS In total, 135 children aged 6.6 (5.3-8.5) years, weighing 22 (19-29) kg, were included, with 112 completed questionnaires returned. Overall occurrence of at least one maladaptive item was lower in the music group, with a significantly lower incidence on day 7 (51% vs. 77% in controls; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Intraoperative music application in children undergoing minor surgical procedures may reduce the incidence of post-operative maladaptive behaviour within the first week.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Buehler
- Department of Anaesthesiology; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - N. Spielmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - S. Buehrer
- Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. R. Schmidt
- Department of Anaesthesiology; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - M. Weiss
- Department of Anaesthesiology; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. Schmitz
- Department of Anaesthesiology; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
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14
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Onodi C, Bühler PK, Thomas J, Schmitz A, Weiss M. Arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide difference in children undergoing mechanical ventilation of the lungs during general anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 2017; 72:1357-1364. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.13969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Onodi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - P. K. Bühler
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - J. Thomas
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. Schmitz
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - M. Weiss
- Department of Anaesthesia and Children's Research Centre; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
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Stacey WM, Van Rooijen W, Bates T, Colvin E, Dion J, Feener J, Gayton E, Gibbs D, Grennor C, Head J, Hope F, Ireland J, Johnson A, Jones B, Mejias N, Myers C, Schmitz A, Sommer C, Sumner T, Tschaepe L. A TRU-Zr Metal-Fuel Sodium-Cooled Fast Subcritical Advanced Burner Reactor. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt08-a3933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. M. Stacey
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - W. Van Rooijen
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - T. Bates
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - E. Colvin
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - J. Dion
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - J. Feener
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - E. Gayton
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - D. Gibbs
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - C. Grennor
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - J. Head
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - F. Hope
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - J. Ireland
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - A. Johnson
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - B. Jones
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - N. Mejias
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - C. Myers
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - A. Schmitz
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - C. Sommer
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - T. Sumner
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
| | - L. Tschaepe
- Georgia Institute of Technology Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0425
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Urban MC, Bocedi G, Hendry AP, Mihoub JB, Pe'er G, Singer A, Bridle JR, Crozier LG, De Meester L, Godsoe W, Gonzalez A, Hellmann JJ, Holt RD, Huth A, Johst K, Krug CB, Leadley PW, Palmer SCF, Pantel JH, Schmitz A, Zollner PA, Travis JMJ. Improving the forecast for biodiversity under climate change. Science 2017; 353:353/6304/aad8466. [PMID: 27609898 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad8466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 450] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
New biological models are incorporating the realistic processes underlying biological responses to climate change and other human-caused disturbances. However, these more realistic models require detailed information, which is lacking for most species on Earth. Current monitoring efforts mainly document changes in biodiversity, rather than collecting the mechanistic data needed to predict future changes. We describe and prioritize the biological information needed to inform more realistic projections of species' responses to climate change. We also highlight how trait-based approaches and adaptive modeling can leverage sparse data to make broader predictions. We outline a global effort to collect the data necessary to better understand, anticipate, and reduce the damaging effects of climate change on biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Urban
- Institute of Biological Risk, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - G Bocedi
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - A P Hendry
- Redpath Museum, Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - J-B Mihoub
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, CESCO, UMR 7204, Paris, France. Conservation Biology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - G Pe'er
- Conservation Biology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Singer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Ecological Modelling, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Swedish Species Information Centre, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J R Bridle
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - L G Crozier
- NOAA Fisheries Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - L De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - W Godsoe
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - A Gonzalez
- Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - J J Hellmann
- Institute on the Environment; Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - R D Holt
- Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - A Huth
- Ecological Modelling, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Institute for Environmental Systems Research, Department of Mathematics/Computer Science, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - K Johst
- Ecological Modelling, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C B Krug
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, University Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France. DIVERSITAS, Paris, France
| | - P W Leadley
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, University Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France. DIVERSITAS, Paris, France
| | - S C F Palmer
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - J H Pantel
- Centre d'Ecologie fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175 CNRS-Université de Montpellier-EPHE, Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - A Schmitz
- Conservation Biology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P A Zollner
- Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - J M J Travis
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Schmidt AR, Ruetzler K, Haas T, Schmitz A, Weiss M. [Estimation of artificial ventilation is impractible]. Anaesthesist 2017; 66:209-210. [PMID: 28160043 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-017-0274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A R Schmidt
- Anästhesie-Abteilung, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz. .,Forschungszentrum für das Kind, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zürich, Schweiz.
| | - K Ruetzler
- Institut für Anästhesie, Universitätsspital Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz.,Department of General Anesthesiology und Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - T Haas
- Anästhesie-Abteilung, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz.,Forschungszentrum für das Kind, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zürich, Schweiz
| | - A Schmitz
- Anästhesie-Abteilung, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz.,Forschungszentrum für das Kind, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zürich, Schweiz
| | - M Weiss
- Anästhesie-Abteilung, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz.,Forschungszentrum für das Kind, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zürich, Schweiz
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Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Schmidt
- Department of Anaesthesia; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center; University Children's Hospital of Zurich; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - K. Ruetzler
- Departments of General Anesthesiology and Outcomes Research; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland OH USA
| | - T. Haas
- Department of Anaesthesia; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center; University Children's Hospital of Zurich; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. Schmitz
- Department of Anaesthesia; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center; University Children's Hospital of Zurich; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - M. Weiss
- Department of Anaesthesia; University Children's Hospital Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Children's Research Center; University Children's Hospital of Zurich; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
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19
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Dini S, Binder BJ, Fischer SC, Mattheyer C, Schmitz A, Stelzer EHK, Bean NG, Green JEF. Identifying the necrotic zone boundary in tumour spheroids with pair-correlation functions. J R Soc Interface 2016; 13:20160649. [PMID: 27733696 PMCID: PMC5095222 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2016.0649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Automatic identification of the necrotic zone boundary is important in the assessment of treatments on in vitro tumour spheroids. This has been difficult especially when the difference in cell density between the necrotic and viable zones of a tumour spheroid is small. To help overcome this problem, we developed novel one-dimensional pair-correlation functions (PCFs) to provide quantitative estimates of the radial distance of the necrotic zone boundary from the centre of a tumour spheroid. We validate our approach on synthetic tumour spheroids in which the position of the necrotic zone boundary is known a priori It is then applied to nine real tumour spheroids imaged with light sheet-based fluorescence microscopy. PCF estimates of the necrotic zone boundary are compared with those of a human expert and an existing standard computational method.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dini
- School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - B J Binder
- School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - S C Fischer
- Department of Biological Sciences (IZN, FB 15), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Mattheyer
- Department of Biological Sciences (IZN, FB 15), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A Schmitz
- Department of Biological Sciences (IZN, FB 15), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - E H K Stelzer
- Department of Biological Sciences (IZN, FB 15), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N G Bean
- School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - J E F Green
- School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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20
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Schmidt AR, Ruetzler K, Haas T, Schmitz A, Weiss M. Impact of oxygen sources on performance of the Ventrain(®) ventilation device in an in vitro set-up. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2016; 60:241-9. [PMID: 26612252 DOI: 10.1111/aas.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ventrain(®) (Dolphys Medical, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) is a disposable handheld ventilation device allowing active inspiration and expiration through a transtracheal catheter. This study investigated Ventrain(®) 's performance when used with different clinical oxygen sources in an in vitro set-up. METHODS Three anesthesia oxygen sources (wall-mounted flowmeter, respirator oxygen outlet port, and anesthesia ventilator circuit) were used at gas flow rates of 6, 9, 12, and 15 l/min. First, the sources' driving pressures (DP), the insufflation pressure (IP), and the flow at the catheter tip were measured using a gas flow analyzer. Tidal volumes (VT) delivered by the Ventrain(®) were assessed by the ASL5000 test lung (respiratory rate: 15 min(-1), I:E = 1:1, compliance: 100 ml/cmH2O, resistance: 3.06 cmH2O/l/s). RESULTS VT ranged from 82 to 483 ml for inspiration and 82 to 419 ml for expiration. Measured IP, flow, and VT were less dependent on the set gas flow rate but more on the source's DP. With rising DP the IP, the flow at the catheter tip and consequently VT increased. At an approximate target I:E ratio of 1:1, the ratio of inspiratory to expiratory VT increased with higher DP and gas flow rates. CONCLUSION The oxygen sources resulted in clinically different IP, flows, and VT delivered by the Ventrain(®) at given gas flow rates. This needs to be considered in a clinical emergency situation. Integrating an adjustable pressure valve into Ventrain(®) to allow regulation of the lowest necessary IP would make its use safer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Schmidt
- Department of Anaesthesia; University Children′s Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - K. Ruetzler
- Institute of Anaesthesiology; University Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
- Departments of General Anesthesiology and Outcomes Research; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - T. Haas
- Department of Anaesthesia; University Children′s Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - A. Schmitz
- Department of Anaesthesia; University Children′s Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - M. Weiss
- Department of Anaesthesia; University Children′s Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
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Berendt J, Oechsle K, Thomas M, van Oorschot B, Schmitz A, Radbruch L, Simon ST, Gärtner J, Thuß-Patience P, Schuler US, Hense J, Gog C, Viehrig M, Mayer-Steinacker R, Stachura P, Stiel S, Ostgathe C. [State of integration of palliative care at Comprehensive Cancer Centers funded by German Cancer Aid]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2016; 141:e16-23. [PMID: 26800076 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-106089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Similarities and differences of integration of palliative care in clinical care, research and education structures at German Comprehensive Cancer Centers (CCC) are not known in detail. OBJECTIVE Provide an overview of availability and the way of integration of specialized palliative care at CCCs funded by the German Cancer Aid (Deutsche Krebshilfe, DKH). METHOD We conducted structured interviews from May to August 2014 with heads of palliative care departments (personally or by telephone). The interviews included a quantitative and a qualitative part. Other stakeholders of CCCs were asked the questions of the qualitative part. We evaluated the qualitative data using the content analysis by Mayring and MAXQDA 11.0. SPSS 21.0 was used for quantitative analysis. RESULTS 26 interviews were realized in 13 CCCs with 14 sites, which received funding, by DKH till August 2014 (one CCC had two university hospitals). Of these, 12 sites had a palliative care unit (86%), 11 sites had palliative care consulting services available (79%). Participation of palliative care specialists in tumor boards is not provided in 3 institutions (21%) and is often not feasible on regular basis in the other institutions, due to staffing shortage. In 7 sites (50%) defined criteria to integrate palliative care into CCCs were available. In the last 5 years specialized palliative care of 4 sites received an invitation for a research project by another department within the CCC (29%). 10 sites (71%) had started own palliative care research projects. Chairs in palliative care were available in 4 CCCs (29%). CONCLUSION The extent and depth of palliative care integration in the 14 CCC sites is heterogeneous.
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22
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Mathew B, Schmitz A, Muñoz-Descalzo S, Ansari N, Pampaloni F, Stelzer EHK, Fischer SC. Robust and automated three-dimensional segmentation of densely packed cell nuclei in different biological specimens with Lines-of-Sight decomposition. BMC Bioinformatics 2015; 16:187. [PMID: 26049713 PMCID: PMC4458345 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the large amount of data produced by advanced microscopy, automated image analysis is crucial in modern biology. Most applications require reliable cell nuclei segmentation. However, in many biological specimens cell nuclei are densely packed and appear to touch one another in the images. Therefore, a major difficulty of three-dimensional cell nuclei segmentation is the decomposition of cell nuclei that apparently touch each other. Current methods are highly adapted to a certain biological specimen or a specific microscope. They do not ensure similarly accurate segmentation performance, i.e. their robustness for different datasets is not guaranteed. Hence, these methods require elaborate adjustments to each dataset. Results We present an advanced three-dimensional cell nuclei segmentation algorithm that is accurate and robust. Our approach combines local adaptive pre-processing with decomposition based on Lines-of-Sight (LoS) to separate apparently touching cell nuclei into approximately convex parts. We demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithm using data from different specimens recorded with different microscopes. The three-dimensional images were recorded with confocal and light sheet-based fluorescence microscopes. The specimens are an early mouse embryo and two different cellular spheroids. We compared the segmentation accuracy of our algorithm with ground truth data for the test images and results from state-of-the-art methods. The analysis shows that our method is accurate throughout all test datasets (mean F-measure: 91 %) whereas the other methods each failed for at least one dataset (F-measure ≤ 69 %). Furthermore, nuclei volume measurements are improved for LoS decomposition. The state-of-the-art methods required laborious adjustments of parameter values to achieve these results. Our LoS algorithm did not require parameter value adjustments. The accurate performance was achieved with one fixed set of parameter values. Conclusion We developed a novel and fully automated three-dimensional cell nuclei segmentation method incorporating LoS decomposition. LoS are easily accessible features that ensure correct splitting of apparently touching cell nuclei independent of their shape, size or intensity. Our method showed superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods, performing accurately for a variety of test images. Hence, our LoS approach can be readily applied to quantitative evaluation in drug testing, developmental and cell biology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0617-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mathew
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Fachbereich Biowissenschaften (FB15, IZN), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - A Schmitz
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Fachbereich Biowissenschaften (FB15, IZN), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - S Muñoz-Descalzo
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - N Ansari
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Fachbereich Biowissenschaften (FB15, IZN), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - F Pampaloni
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Fachbereich Biowissenschaften (FB15, IZN), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - E H K Stelzer
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Fachbereich Biowissenschaften (FB15, IZN), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - S C Fischer
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Fachbereich Biowissenschaften (FB15, IZN), Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Schmidt A, Buehler P, Seglias L, Stark T, Brotschi B, Renner T, Sabandal C, Klaghofer R, Weiss M, Schmitz A. Gastric pH and residual volume after 1 and 2 h fasting time for clear fluids in children †. Br J Anaesth 2015; 114:477-82. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeu399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Batra V, Chacko AM, Gagliardi M, Hou C, Mikitsh JL, Freifelder RH, Kachur A, LeGeyt BC, Schmitz A, Toto L, Vaidyanathan G, Zalutsky MR, Matthay KK, Weiss WA, Gustafson WC, Pryma D, Maris JM. Abstract B48: Preclinical development of meta-[211At] astatobenzylguanidine ([211At] MABG) targeted radiotherapy for neuroblastoma. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.pedcan-b48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is a radiosensitive malignancy accounting for 10% of childhood cancer mortality. NB cells frequently express the norepinephrine transporter (NET) providing a specific mechanism for uptake of NET-ligands. Meta-[131I]iodobenzylguanidine ([131I]MIBG) is a NET-ligand radiotherapeutic that shows single-agent response rates in refractory NB of 40-50%. However, due to the long path lengths of 131 I beta (β)-emission, and low biological effectiveness compared to alpha (α)-emitting radionuclides, [131I]MIBG is generally not curative, perhaps due to non-targeting of isolated circulating tumor cells. Here we report our efforts to optimize NET-targeted radiotherapy by developing relevant preclinical models of refractory NB for α-particle therapeutic [211At] MABG therapy.
Methods: We first determined NET (SLC6A2) mRNA and protein expression in 35 human NB cell lines using quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting. We then chose 5 lines with absent to intermediate levels of native NET expression (NB1691, SKNSH, IMR5, NLF and SKNBE2) for dual forced overexpression of human NET and luciferase cDNAs. We used [125I]MIBG for cell-based uptake assays in all isogenic pairs and biodistribution experiments in athymic mice bearing three separate NET-transduced xenografts (N=5 per cell line). These cell lines were also treated with [131I]MIBG and/or external beam radiation (XRT) followed by multi-log cytotoxicity assays. Therapeutic trials of [131I]MIBG (25 mCi/kg) in NB1691 subcutaneous xenograft and metastatic mouse models were also conducted. In parallel, [211At] MABG was synthesized by: (i) cyclotron-production of 211 At via 209 Bi(α,2n)211At reaction (ii) distillation of 211 At from the target, and (iii) solid phase no-carrier-added synthesis of [211At] MABG by radioastato-destannylation. [211At] MABG uptake studies were performed in isogenic NB cell lines.
Results: Unlike primary human NBs, NET expression was low in the majority of 35 cell-lines studied (median normalized expression value = 0.145; range 0.000-1.005), but all transduced lines showed significant overexpression (0.860-1.107) comparable to human primary tumors. Transduced lines showed 4-10 fold higher uptake of [125I]MIBG than non-transduced isogenic parental cell lines in vitro, and demonstrated significant tumor-specific uptake and retention in vivo with tumor-muscle ratios ranging from 13.80 to 29.48. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments using [131I]MIBG showed NET-expressing cell lines to be more susceptible to treatment compared to non-NET expressing pairs (IC50 of 2.937nCi vs. 15.99 nCi). Treatment of mice bearing NB1691-NET xenografts with [131I]MIBG showed tumor growth delay (p=0.0065), but no significant impact on survival, likely due to de novo radioresistance (1200 cGy of XRT had no impact on NB1691 proliferation; IMR-05 showed 97% decreased cell viability). Lastly, we successfully synthesized [211At] MABG, with radiochemical yields of ∼20% and showed NET specific uptake of [211At] MABG into 1691 NET transfected cells.
Conclusions: Development of targeted radiotherapy for neuroblastoma has been limited by the lack of preclinical models and alternative therapeutics. Our development of multiple isogenic pairs with varying NET expression, documentation of de novo radiation sensitivity, and the production of [211At] MABG, will allow for rapid assessment of targeted radiotherapeutic strategies (including combination approaches) to support clinical development of alpha-particle therapeutics in a childhood cancer.
Citation Format: V Batra, AM Chacko, M Gagliardi, C Hou, J L. Mikitsh, R H. Freifelder, A Kachur, B C. LeGeyt, A Schmitz, L Toto, G Vaidyanathan, M R. Zalutsky, K K. Matthay, W A. Weiss, W C. Gustafson, D Pryma, J M. Maris. Preclinical development of meta-[211At] astatobenzylguanidine ([211At] MABG) targeted radiotherapy for neuroblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pediatric Cancer at the Crossroads: Translating Discovery into Improved Outcomes; Nov 3-6, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;74(20 Suppl):Abstract nr B48.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Batra
- 1The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA,
| | - AM Chacko
- 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
| | - M Gagliardi
- 1The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA,
| | - C Hou
- 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
| | | | | | - A Kachur
- 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
| | - B C. LeGeyt
- 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
| | - A Schmitz
- 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
| | - L Toto
- 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
| | | | | | - K K. Matthay
- 4University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - W A. Weiss
- 4University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - W C. Gustafson
- 4University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - D Pryma
- 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
| | - J M. Maris
- 1The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA,
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Bødker J, Kjeldsen M, Kloster M, Rodrigo-Domingo M, Bilgrau A, Johansen P, Schmitz A, Johnsen H, Bøgsted M, Dybkær K. 409: Transcription factors with differential transcription start sites during B-cell differentiation in normal tissues and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gnutzmann D, Mechel J, Schmitz A, Bellemann N, Sommer CM, Gockner T, Mokry T, Kortes N, Stampfl U, Kauczor HU, Radeleff BA. Vergleich der Plasma- und Gewebekonzentrationskinetik von Irinotecan zweier unterchiedlicher mit Irinotecan beladener Partikel. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1373006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Schmitz A, Gnutzmann D, Bellemann N, Mokry T, Kortes N, Sommer C, Gotthard D, Weiss KH, Stampfl U, Kauczor HU, Radeleff B. Erste Erfahrungen mit der superselektiven TANDEM® TACE in Heidelberg. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1373007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Vollherbst D, Fritz S, Zelzer S, Wachter MF, Bellemann N, Gockner T, Mokry T, Gnutzmann D, Schmitz A, Aulmann S, Stampfl U, Pereira PL, Kauczor HU, Werner J, Radeleff BA, Sommer CM. Transarterielle Chemoembolisation (TACE) in Kombination mit irreversibler Elektroporation (IRE): Eine experimentelle Machbarkeitsstudie zur perkutanen Elektrochemotherapie in der Leber. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1373476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Schmitz A, Gnutzmann D, Bellemann N, Mokry T, Kortes N, Sommer C, Gotthard D, Weiss K, Stampfl U, Radeleff B, Kauczor H. First experiences with superselective TANDEM® TACE in Heidelberg. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2013.12.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Schmitz A, Zielinski J, Dick B, Mevissen M. In vitro
metabolism of testosterone in the horse liver and involvement of equine CYPs 3A89, 3A94 and 3A95. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2014; 37:338-47. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Schmitz
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; Vetsuisse Faculty; University Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - J. Zielinski
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; Vetsuisse Faculty; University Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - B. Dick
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology; Inselspital; Bern Switzerland
| | - M. Mevissen
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; Vetsuisse Faculty; University Bern; Bern Switzerland
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Knirsch W, Rhein MV, Scheer I, Liamlahi R, Bernet V, Dave H, Schmitz A, Latal B. Cerebral MRI Findings and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Patients Operated for Congenital Heart Disease - From the Neonate to the Adolescent. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1354531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Stefanski A, Mevissen M, Möller AM, Kuehni-Boghenbor K, Schmitz A. Induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes in primary equine hepatocyte culture. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:2023-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Bertholdt S, Latal B, Liamlahi R, Pretre R, Scheer I, Goetti R, Dave H, Bernet V, Schmitz A, von Rhein M, Knirsch W. Cerebral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging correlate with preoperative neurological status in neonates undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 45:625-32. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Schmitz A, Radeleff B, Sommer CM, Kortes N, Bellemann N, Ganten T, Stampfl U, Kauczor HU. Erste Ergebnisse mit der superselectiver DEB-TACE unter der Verwendung von 100 µm TANDEM®-Partikel. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1346397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Doherty-Bone TM, Gonwouo NL, Hirschfeld M, Ohst T, Weldon C, Perkins M, Kouete MT, Browne RK, Loader SP, Gower DJ, Wilkinson MW, Rödel MO, Penner J, Barej MF, Schmitz A, Plötner J, Cunningham AA. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in amphibians of Cameroon, including first records for caecilians. Dis Aquat Organ 2013; 102:187-194. [PMID: 23446968 DOI: 10.3354/dao02557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been hypothesised to be an indigenous parasite of African amphibians. In Cameroon, however, previous surveys in one region (in the northwest) failed to detect this pathogen, despite the earliest African Bd having been recorded from a frog in eastern Cameroon, plus one recent record in the far southeast. To reconcile these contrasting results, we present survey data from 12 localities across 6 regions of Cameroon from anurans (n = 1052) and caecilians (n = 85) of ca. 108 species. Bd was detected in 124 amphibian hosts at 7 localities, including Mt. Oku, Mt. Cameroon, Mt. Manengouba and lowland localities in the centre and west of the country. None of the hosts were observed dead or dying. Infected amphibian hosts were not detected in other localities in the south and eastern rainforest belt. Infection occurred in both anurans and caecilians, making this the first reported case of infection in the latter order (Gymnophiona) of amphibians. There was no significant difference between prevalence and infection intensity in frogs and caecilians. We highlight the importance of taking into account the inhibition of diagnostic qPCR in studies on Bd, based on all Bd-positive hosts being undetected when screened without bovine serum albumin in the qPCR mix. The status of Bd as an indigenous, cosmopolitan amphibian parasite in Africa, including Cameroon, is supported by this work. Isolating and sequencing strains of Bd from Cameroon should now be a priority. Longitudinal host population monitoring will be required to determine the effects, if any, of the infection on amphibians in Cameroon.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Doherty-Bone
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK
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Peters L, Demmel S, Pusch G, Buters J, Thormann W, Zielinski J, Leeb T, Mevissen M, Schmitz A. Equine cytochrome P450 2B6 — Genomic identification, expression and functional characterization with ketamine. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 266:101-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Bødker J, Gyrup C, Johansen P, Schmitz A, Madsen J, Johnsen H, Bøgsted M, Dybkær K, Nyegaard M. Performance Comparison of Affymetrix SNP6.0 and Cytogenetic 2.7M Whole-Genome Microarrays in Complex Cancer Samples. Cytogenet Genome Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1159/000345125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Naujocks G, Schmitz A, Schramm J, Wiestler O, Schirrmacher V. Peripheral immunization against malignant rat glioma can induce effective antitumor immunity in the brain. Int J Oncol 2012; 6:759-65. [PMID: 21556600 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.6.4.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Using two malignant rat glioma cell lines, we tested to what extent peripheral immunization could affect tumor growth in the brain of syngeneic rats. Peripheral subcutaneous (s.c.) immunization was performed with autologous Newcastle-disease-virus (NDV)-infected or non-infected live tumor cells. Thus immunized rats or non-immunized controls were intracerebrally implanted with increasing numbers of the respective malignant glioma cells. Without immunization the mean survival time after intracerebral implantation of 1x10(4) TZ363 or RG2 glioma cells was 9 and 29 days respectively. After s.c. immunization with either NDV-infected or non-infected TZ363 cells only 25% or less of challenged animals developed tumors in the brain. Immunization with NDV only had no effect. In RG2 glioma, s.c. immunization had no effect on tumor growth in the central nervous system and on survival time, no matter what kind of vaccine was used. These results clearly show, that in principle the efferent arm of the anti-tumor response can be effective accross the blood-brain barrier and extend into the microenvironment of the central nervous system. Whether or not glioma lines can induce this immunity and respond to it, seems to depend on their individual immunobiological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Naujocks
- GERMAN CANC RES CTR,DIV CELLULAR IMMUNOL,D-69120 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. UNIV BONN,MED CTR,DEPT NEUROSURG,W-5300 BONN,GERMANY. UNIV BONN,MED CTR,DEPT NEUROPATHOL,W-5300 BONN,GERMANY
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Treschan TA, Kaisers W, Schaefer MS, Bastin B, Schmalz U, Wania V, Eisenberger CF, Saleh A, Weiss M, Schmitz A, Kienbaum P, Sessler DI, Pannen B, Beiderlinden M. Ventilation with low tidal volumes during upper abdominal surgery does not improve postoperative lung function. Br J Anaesth 2012; 109:263-71. [PMID: 22661750 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aes140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged postoperative decrease in lung function is common after major upper abdominal surgery. Evidence suggests that ventilation with low tidal volumes may limit the damage during mechanical ventilation. We compared postoperative lung function of patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery, mechanically ventilated with high or low tidal volumes. METHODS This was a double-blind, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. One hundred and one patients (age ≥ 50 yr, ASA ≥ II, duration of surgery ≥ 3 h) were ventilated with: (i) high [12 ml kg(-1) predicted body weight (PBW)] or (ii) low (6 ml kg(-1) PBW) tidal volumes intraoperatively. The positive end-expiratory pressure was 5 cm H(2)O in both groups and breathing frequency adjusted to normocapnia. Time-weighted averages (TWAs) of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) until 120 h after operation were compared (P<0.025 considered statistically significant). Secondary outcomes were oxygenation, respiratory and non-respiratory complications, length of stay and mortality. RESULTS The mean (sd) values of TWAs of FVC and FEV(1) were similar in both groups: FVC: 6 ml group 1.8 (0.7) litre vs 12 ml group 1.6 (0.5) litre (P=0.12); FEV(1): 6 ml group 1.4 (0.5) litre vs 12 ml group 1.2 (0.4) litre (P=0.15). FVC and FEV(1) at any single time point and secondary outcomes did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged impaired lung function after major abdominal surgery is not ameliorated by low tidal volume ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Treschan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Henze D, Doecke WD, Hornung D, Machens K, Schmitz A, Zollner T, Gashaw I. Trefoil factor 3 - a new biomarker candidate for experimental and clinical endometriosis. J Reprod Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2012.03.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schmitz A. Erfahrungen mit der Radiologie im Staatsexamen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1310569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Shiue CY, Schmitz A, Pourdehnad MT, Shiue GG, Schirrmacher R, Vatamaniuk M, Doliba N, Matschinsky F, Wolf B, Alavi A. Synthesis of β-cell imaging agents. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580440139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Schmitz A, Kellenberger C, Lochbuehler N, Fruehauf M, Klaghofer R, Fruehauf H, Weiss M. Effect of different quantities of a sugared clear fluid on gastric emptying and residual volume in children: a crossover study using magnetic resonance imaging. Br J Anaesth 2012; 108:644-7. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aer497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nowaczyk P, Herold S, Kim P, Schmitz A, Polom K, Murawa P, Morgenthaler N, Zabel M, Luecke K, Murawa D. 61 Functionalized and Structured Medical Wire as a Device for In-vivo Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer Patients. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)70129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Heyden A, Tomasi T, Zeni N, Herold S, Nowaczyk P, Schmitz A, Krahn T, Zabel M, Murawa D, Luecke K. PP 45 In vivo isolation of circulating tumor cells. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72660-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Schmitz A, Kellenberger C, Liamlahi R, Studhalter M, Weiss M. Gastric emptying after overnight fasting and clear fluid intake: a prospective investigation using serial magnetic resonance imaging in healthy children †. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107:425-9. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aer167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lessing C, Schmitz A, Schrappe M. Varianz in der Epidemiologie unerwünschter Ereignisse: Methodik des Harvard Medical Practice Design. Gesundheitswesen 2011; 74:95-103. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schmitz A, Rick T, Karolski T, Kuhlen T, Kobbelt L. Efficient Rasterization for Outdoor Radio Wave Propagation. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2011; 17:159-170. [PMID: 20548114 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2010.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Conventional beam tracing can be used for solving global illumination problems. It is an efficient algorithm and performs very well when implemented on the GPU. This allows us to apply the algorithm in a novel way to the problem of radio wave propagation. The simulation of radio waves is conceptually analogous to the problem of light transport. We use a custom, parallel rasterization pipeline for creation and evaluation of the beams. We implement a subset of a standard 3D rasterization pipeline entirely on the GPU, supporting 2D and 3D frame buffers for output. Our algorithm can provide a detailed description of complex radio channel characteristics like propagation losses and the spread of arriving signals over time (delay spread). Those are essential for the planning of communication systems required by mobile network operators. For validation, we compare our simulation results with measurements from a real-world network. Furthermore, we account for characteristics of different propagation environments and estimate the influence of unknown components like traffic or vegetation by adapting model parameters to measurements.
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Paiva B, Pérez-Andrés M, Vídriales MB, Almeida J, de las Heras N, Mateos MV, López-Corral L, Gutiérrez NC, Blanco J, Oriol A, Hernández MT, de Arriba F, de Coca AG, Terol MJ, de la Rubia J, González Y, Martín A, Sureda A, Schmidt-Hieber M, Schmitz A, Johnsen HE, Lahuerta JJ, Bladé J, San-Miguel JF, Orfao A. Competition between clonal plasma cells and normal cells for potentially overlapping bone marrow niches is associated with a progressively altered cellular distribution in MGUS vs myeloma. Leukemia 2011; 25:697-706. [PMID: 21252988 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2010.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Disappearance of normal bone marrow (BM) plasma cells (PC) predicts malignant transformation of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering myeloma (SMM) into symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM). The homing, behavior and survival of normal PC, but also CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), B-cell precursors, and clonal PC largely depends on their interaction with stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) expressing, potentially overlapping BM stromal cell niches. Here, we investigate the distribution, phenotypic characteristics and competitive migration capacity of these cell populations in patients with MGUS, SMM and MM vs healthy adults (HA) aged >60 years. Our results show that BM and peripheral blood (PB) clonal PC progressively increase from MGUS to MM, the latter showing a slightly more immature immunophenotype. Of note, such increased number of clonal PC is associated with progressive depletion of normal PC, B-cell precursors and CD34(+) HSC in the BM, also with a parallel increase in PB. In an ex vivo model, normal PC, B-cell precursors and CD34(+) HSC from MGUS and SMM, but not MM patients, were able to abrogate the migration of clonal PC into serial concentrations of SDF-1. Overall, our results show that progressive competition and replacement of normal BM cells by clonal PC is associated with more advanced disease in patients with MGUS, SMM and MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Paiva
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Kuske S, Lessing C, Lux R, Schmitz A, Schrappe M. Patientensicherheitsindikatoren zur Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit (AMTS-PSI): Internationaler Status, Übertragbarkeit und Validierung. Gesundheitswesen 2011; 74:79-86. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1269838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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