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Alveolar Volume Impairment Affects the Prognostic Value of Peak Exercise Oxygen Uptake in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2022; 42:E103-E105. [PMID: 35861950 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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A novel Android app to evaluate and enhance auditory and tactile temporal thresholds . ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:5885-5888. [PMID: 34892458 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With this work, we introduce a novel Android app designed to monitor and enhance auditory and tactile temporal sensitivity. To assess the app's reliability, we tested its technical performance evaluating stimuli production's accuracy (i.e., onset, offset, and duration of stimulation). To validate the app with participants we generated temporal intervals, using either sounds or vibratory stimuli, by implementing two versions of a Two-Alternative Forced-Choice (2AFC) task. Auditory and tactile temporal sensitivity of 12 participants was evaluated using this procedure. To investigate whether temporal abilities could be enhanced using the app, participants were then divided into two groups: one group was trained for four days on the auditory temporal task, while the other was trained for four days on the tactile temporal task. Results suggest that the app can i) effectively measure auditory and tactile temporal thresholds and ii) be used to enhance temporal abilities through perceptual learning. The accessibility of the experimental protocols, combined with our findings, fosters the app's involvement in rehabilitation programs, for example, with a specific focus on sensory disabilities that are associated with temporal deficits (e.g., deafness and Parkinson).Clinical Relevance- The current work introduces a novel app that can be used to monitor and improve temporal abilities, in both the auditory and the tactile modalities.
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All-cause mortality predicted by peak oxygen uptake differs depending on spirometry pattern in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:2731-2740. [PMID: 33932128 PMCID: PMC8318425 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims In patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), it remains unclear how exacerbated impairments in peak exercise oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) caused by coexistent obstructive or restrictive ventilatory defects affect mortality risk. We evaluated in patients with HFrEF, whether demonstrating either an obstructive or restrictive‐patterned ventilatory defect on spirometry affects V̇O2peak to yield all‐cause mortality risk predicted by V̇O2peak that is spirometry pattern specific. Methods and results We retrospectively analysed resting spirometry and treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise testing data of patients with HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%). The study sample (N = 329) was grouped by spirometry pattern: normal [Group 1: N = 101; forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 0.70; FVC ≥ 80% predicted], restrictive without airflow obstruction (Group 2: N = 104; FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.70; FVC < 80% predicted), or obstructive (Group 3: N = 124; FEV1/FVC < 0.70). Patients were followed up to 1 year for the endpoint of all‐cause mortality. V̇O2peak was higher in Group 1 versus Groups 2 and 3 (13.4 ± 4.0 vs. 12.1 ± 3.7 and 12.2 ± 3.3 mL/kg/min, respectively; P = 0.014). Over the 1 year follow‐up, n = 9, n = 16, and n = 12 deaths occurred in Groups 1–3, respectively, with corresponding crude survival rates of 88%, 81%, and 92%, respectively (log‐rank; P = 0.352). V̇O2peak was associated with all‐cause mortality (crude hazard ratio = 0.77; P < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, a significant V̇O2peak‐by‐spirometry group interaction yielded 1.99 (95% confidence interval, 1.14–3.46) and 2.43 (95% confidence interval, 1.44–4.11) higher mortality risk associated with V̇O2peak in Group 2 versus Groups 1 and 3, respectively. Conclusions Demonstrating a restrictive pattern on spirometry yields the severest mortality risk associated with V̇O2peak. Using spirometry to screen patients with HFrEF for ventilatory defects has a potential role in improving risk stratification based on V̇O2peak.
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ATYPICAL FINDINGS OF A RARE ILLNESS: PULMONARY VENOOCCLUSIVE DISEASE. Chest 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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TCT CONNECT-496 Tricuspid Valve Geometric and Functional Changes and Their Associations With Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.09.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Autonomy and competence satisfaction as resources for facing chronic pain disability in adolescence: a self-determination perspective. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2020; 26:322-332. [PMID: 32865427 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1813900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to test empirically the developmental goal pursuit model of paediatric chronic pain, which draws upon Self-Determination Theory for understanding risks and resources for living with chronic pain. This study examined the relationship between basic psychological need satisfaction (i.e. the satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, relatedness and competence) and the fear-avoidance model of pain in adolescents suffering from chronic pain. Hundred and twenty adolescents (mean age = 14.52, 71.6% female), receiving treatment through paediatric pain centres for chronic pain, were enrolled. Adolescents completed measures of basic psychological need satisfaction, fear and avoidance of pain, and pain-related functional impairment. Path analyses model indicated that higher levels of autonomy and competence satisfaction were associated with lower levels of functional disability, through the mediation of fear and avoidance of pain. Relatedness satisfaction was not significatively related to fear of pain, avoidance, and functional disability. The integration of Self-Determination Theory in the paediatric pain literature may further our understanding of potential resources for decreasing functional disability in children living with chronic pain.
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Gait-speed and oxygen flow during six-minute walk test predicts mortality in patients with advanced lung disease. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2020; 90. [PMID: 32072801 PMCID: PMC7905842 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a useful tool to predict outcomes in patients with advanced lung diseases. Greater distance walked has been shown to have more favorable prognostic value compared to other recorded variables. We reviewed the medical records of 164 patients with advanced lung disease who underwent lung transplant evaluation. Results of the 6MWT (distance walked, oxygen required, and mean gait speed) were recorded and analyzed with respect to mortality. 6MWT mean oxygen (O2) flow via nasal cannula was 3.5 ± 3.7 L/min. The distance walked in meters (m) and % predicted were inversely associated with mortality, OR: 0.995 (0.992-0.998) and 0.970 (0.950-0.990), respectively. Patients who walked < 200 meters (OR: 2.1 (1.1-4.0)) or < 45% of predicted, OR: 2.7 (1.2-5.7) had higher mortality. O2 flow during the test had a direct association with mortality (OR: 1.1 (1.0-1.2). In multivariate analysis, O2 flow > 3.5 L/min remained predictive of mortality, OR: 1.1 (1.0-1.2). Mean gait speed was higher in patient who lived compared with patients who died (mean 0.83 ± 0.35 m/mim vs mean 0.69 ± 0.33 m/min, respectively, p= 0.03). Gait speed was a predictor of survival, OR 3.4 (1.1, 10.6). O2 flow during the 6MWT was an independent predictor of mortality in patients with advanced lung disease. The patients that required more than 3.5 L/m of O2 had a higher mortality. Faster gait speed during the 6MWT was also associated with better survival.
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IS THERE VALUE IN REPEATING INHALED NITRIC OXIDE VASOREACTIVITY TESTS IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION? Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Complexity of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and other angiogenic biomarkers profiling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulm Circ 2017; 7:730-733. [PMID: 28714356 PMCID: PMC5841895 DOI: 10.1177/2045893217724141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and 22 a priori selected biomarkers were measured from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. Significant positive correlations were found between MIF and several angiogenic factors suggesting a possible MIF regulation role in PAH angiogenesis and pathobiology, but simultaneously highlighting the biomarkers profiling complexity in PAH.
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Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance Genes among the Phylogroups of Escherichia coli in Diarrheic Calves and Chickens Affected by Colibacillosis in Tehran, Iran. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2017; 73:131-137. [PMID: 30242804 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2018.116502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance occurs in the endogenous flora of exposed population in addition to pathogenic bacteria. This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes among 63 isolates of Escherichia coli of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in diarrheic calves and poultry. According to the results, B1 and B2 were the most prevalent phylogroups of E. coli in calves and poultry carcasses, respectively. Antimicrobial resistance was observed in 76% of the isolates, and 62% of the strains were multi-drug resistant. Antibiotic resistance in E. coli strains obtained from calves strains was significantly higher than those obtained from poultries. Additionally, the strains of B1 and D phylogroups had the highest and lowest antimicrobial resistance, respectively. At least one encoding gene for integrone was detected in 23 strains (36.5%) and Class I integron had the highest prevalence. Accordingly, this study gave baseline information on the magnitude of the resistance problem and its genetic background in E. coli from domesticated animals of the Tehran, Iran. Moreover, the power of oligonucleotide array technology in the discrimination of different genotypes during a short time was confirmed in this study.
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Do Single or Sequential Measurements of Leptin and Adiponectin in Plasma Have Prognostic Value in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension? Pulm Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1086/689907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Glucocorticoid Toxicity Is Common in Sarcoidosis. Chest 2015. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.2267014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Cumulative Dose and Duration of Glucocorticoid Use Are Associated With Metabolic Disorders in Sarcoidosis Patients. Chest 2014. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1993329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Short-term and Long-term Outcomes in Patients With Scleroderma and IPAH Undergoing Lung Transplant. Chest 2014. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1994781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Right Ventricular Echocardiographic Parameters Predict Mortality After Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Chest 2014. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1984291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Effect of Long-term Oral Anticoagulation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). Chest 2014. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1988846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Saudi guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: 2014 updates. Ann Thorac Med 2014; 9:S1-S15. [PMID: 25076987 PMCID: PMC4114283 DOI: 10.4103/1817-1737.134006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Saudi Association for Pulmonary Hypertension (previously called Saudi Advisory Group for Pulmonary Hypertension) has published the first Saudi Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension back in 2008.[1] That guideline was very detailed and extensive and reviewed most aspects of pulmonary hypertension (PH). One of the disadvantages of such detailed guidelines is the difficulty that some of the readers who just want to get a quick guidance or looking for a specific piece of information might face. All efforts were made to develop this guideline in an easy-to-read form, making it very handy and helpful to clinicians dealing with PH patients to select the best management strategies for the typical patient suffering from a specific condition. This Guideline was designed to provide recommendations for problems frequently encountered by practicing clinicians involved in management of PH. This publication targets mainly adult and pediatric PH-treating physicians, but can also be used by other physicians interested in PH.
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Right Ventricular Echocardiographic Parameters Predict Mortality After Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Chest 2014. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1821523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Predictors of Outcome in Portopulmonary Hypertension. Chest 2013. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1703007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Subcutaneous to Intravenous Prostacyclin Analogue Transition In Pulmonary Hypertension. Chest 2013. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1704369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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22
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Le parcours de soins de l’adolescent douloureux chronique : l’exemple du migraineux. Arch Pediatr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(13)71368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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One test microbial diagnostic microarray for identification of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides and other Mycoplasma species. Mol Biotechnol 2013; 52:285-99. [PMID: 22271459 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-012-9497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the use of microarray technology for rapid identification and differentiation of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides from other mycoplasmas that may be pathogenic to ruminants, including those of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster, genetically and antigenically strictly correlated with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. A microarray containing genetic sequences of 55 different bacterial species from Acholeplasma, Mycoplasma, Spiroplasma and Ureaplasma genera was constructed. Sequences to genes of interest were collected in FASTA format from NCBI. The collected sequences were processed with OligoPicker software. Oligonucleotides were then checked for their selectivity with BLAST searches in GenBank. The microarray was tested with ATCC/NCTC strains of Mycoplasma spp. of veterinary importance in ruminants including Mycoplasma belonging to the mycoides cluster as well as Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri field strains. The results showed that but one ATCC/NCTC reference strains hybridized with their species-specific sequences showed a profile/signature different and distinct from each other. The heat-map of the hybridization results for the nine genes interrogated for Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides demonstrated that the reference strain Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides PG1 was positive for all of the gene sequences spotted on the microarray. CBPP field, vaccine and reference strains were all typed to be M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, and seven of the nine strains gave positive hybridization results for all of the nine genes. Two Italian strains were negative for some of the genes. Comparison with non-Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides reference strains showed some positive signals or considerable homology to Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides genes. As expected, some correlations were observed between the strictly genetically and antigenically correlated Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri strains. Specifically, we observed that some Italian Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides strains were positive for two out of the three Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri genes, differently from what has been observed for other European or African Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides strains. This study highlighted the use of microarray technology as a simple and effective method for a single-step identification and differentiation of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides from other mycoplasmas that may be pathogenic to ruminants, including those of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster, genetically and antigenically strictly correlated with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. The opportunity to discriminate several mycoplasmas in a single analysis enhances diagnostic rapidity and may represent a useful tool to screen occasionally mycoplasmas affecting animal farming in territories where diagnostic laboratory support is limited. The heat-map of the hybridization results of the comparative genomic hybridizations DNA-designed chip clearly indicates that the microarray performs well for the identification of the tested Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides reference and field strains, discriminating them from other mycoplasmas.
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HEART RATE RECOVERY PREDICTS CLINICAL WORSENING IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE ASSOCIATED PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(13)60536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Atypical adult onset complicated spastic paraparesis with thin corpus callosum in two patients carrying a novelFA2Hmutation. Eur J Neurol 2012; 19:e127-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Diastolic Evaluation in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Chest 2012. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1389757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Sudden Death in a 43-Year-Old Female With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Chest 2012. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1388836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Electrocardiographic Findings Before Death in Pulmonary Hypertension. Chest 2012. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1388102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Diastolic Dysfunction in Idiopathic and Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Chest 2011. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1117459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection and Pulmonary Hypertension. Chest 2011. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1119442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Thrombocytosis Predicts Acute Rejection in the First Month After Lung Transplantation. Chest 2011. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1117457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Pulmonary Artery Pressure and Right Ventricular Evaluation After Unilateral Pneumonectomy. Chest 2011. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1102670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Mutations in the motor and stalk domains of KIF5A in spastic paraplegia type 10 and in axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2. Clin Genet 2011; 82:157-64. [PMID: 21623771 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01717.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Spastic paraplegia type 10 (SPG10) is an autosomal dominant form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) due to mutations in KIF5A, a gene encoding the neuronal kinesin heavy chain implicated in anterograde axonal transport. KIF5A mutations were found in both pure and complicated forms of the disease; a single KIF5A mutation was also detected in a CMT2 patient belonging to an SPG10 mutant family. To confirm the involvement of the KIF5A gene in both CMT2 and SPG10 phenotypes and to define the frequency of KIF5A mutations in an Italian HSP patient population, we performed a genetic screening of this gene in a series of 139 HSP and 36 CMT2 affected subjects. We identified five missense changes, four in five HSP patients and one in a CMT2 subject. All mutations, including the one segregating in the CMT2 patient, are localized in the kinesin motor domain except for one, falling within the stalk domain and predicted to generate protein structure destabilization. The results obtained indicate a KIF5A mutation frequency of 8.8% in the Italian HSP population and identify a region of the kinesin protein, the stalk domain, as a novel target for mutation. In addition, the mutation found in the CMT2 patient strengthens the hypothesis that CMT2 and SPG10 are the extreme phenotypes resulting from mutations in the same gene.
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Impact of gavage dosing procedure and gastric content on adverse respiratory effects and mortality in rat toxicity studies. J Appl Toxicol 2010; 31:342-54. [PMID: 21089156 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Unscheduled mortality preceded by adverse respiratory clinical signs in rats dosed by oral gavage may not only be caused by technical gavage error or systemic toxicity but may also be caused by gastro-esophageal reflux and subsequent aspiration of high concentrations of drug formulation. In a 3 week oral gavage rat toxicity study for an early drug development compound, preterminal deaths (approximately 20% of animals) at high doses (≥1000 mg kg(-1) ) and concentrations (≥60 mg ml(-1) ) were preceded by recurrent dyspnea, rales or excessive salivation, without evidence of accidental intrapulmonary gavage error. Histological evaluation revealed extensive necrosis and inflammatory changes in the upper respiratory tract, especially in the nasal turbinates and/or nasopharynx. The presence of food particles in inflammatory exudates suggested a retrograde aspiration of stomach content with test formulation via the nasopharyngeal duct into the posterior region of the nose. In contrast, no mortality or adverse respiratory effects were observed in rats following 2 week intravenous administration at comparable exposures or oral gavage administration at lower concentrations (≤20 mg ml(-1) ). In a pharmacology study, the compound caused a dose-dependent increase in gastric content (partly due to inhibition of gastric emptying), providing a pharmacological basis for the suspected gavage-mediated gastroesophageal reflux. Reducing the dose volume and dosing fasted animals substantially reduced or eliminated the respiratory effects and mortality at the high test article concentrations, demonstrating that the adverse effects are related to the gavage method.
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The GST domain of GDAP1 is a frequent target of mutations in the dominant form of axonal Charcot Marie Tooth type 2K. J Med Genet 2010; 47:712-6. [DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2010.077909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Quels soins de suite pour quels adolescents ? Arch Pediatr 2010; 17:743. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(10)70088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Novel splice-site mutations and a large intragenic deletion inPLA2G6associated with a severe and rapidly progressive form of infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy. Clin Genet 2010; 78:432-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01417.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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P10-03. Dramatic changes in Fc-receptor expression during HIV-1 infection associated with reduced phagocytic activity during progressive HIV-1 infection. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767620 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Assessment of the genotoxic and carcinogenic risks of p-nitrophenol when it is present as an impurity in a drug product. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2009; 55:33-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Decreased Diversity of the Fecal Microbiome in RecurrentClostridium difficile–Associated Diarrhea. J Infect Dis 2008; 197:435-8. [DOI: 10.1086/525047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 793] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Peaked T--waves and sinus arrhythmia before prolonged sinus pauses and atrioventricular block in guillain-barre syndrome. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J 2007; 7:249-52. [PMID: 17957274 PMCID: PMC2018738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Amino acid changes in the amino terminus of the Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase alpha-2 subunit associated to familial and sporadic hemiplegic migraine. Clin Genet 2007; 72:517-23. [PMID: 17877748 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00892.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a rare subtype of migraine with aura inherited with an autosomal dominant pattern. Here, we report the genetic analysis of four families and one sporadic case with hemiplegic migraine (HM) in whom we searched for mutations in the three genes associated with the disease CACNA1A, ATP1A2 and SCN1A. Two novel amino acid changes p.Arg65Trp and p.Tyr9Asn, in the Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) alpha-2 subunit encoded by the ATP1A2 gene, were found in one FHM family and in the sporadic case, respectively. These mutations are peculiar for their location in the extreme N-terminus, an uncommon mutation target in this protein. Low frequency of migraine attacks in all our mutant patients with low complexity of the associated aura symptoms in the sporadic case is also observed. Besides the two novel mutations, the data here reported confirm the involvement of ATP1A2 gene in the sporadic form of HM, while the negative results on the other families tested for all genes known in HM strengthen the hypothesis of the existence of at least another locus involved in FHM.
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Abstract
The failure of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) is mainly due to the existence of latent infected reservoirs, such as macrophages and resting CD4+ T cells. In this paper, we report the results that we obtained in a murine model of AIDS by alternating the administration of the lympholitic drug 2-Fluoro-ara-AMP (Fludarabine) to eliminate the infected cells, with that of Azidothymidine (AZT) plus reduced glutathione (GSH) encapsulated in erythrocytes, to protect lymphocytes and macrophages not yet infected, respectively. Two groups of infected mice were treated as follows: one group was treated by alternating the administration of Fludarabine and AZT (treatment A), while the other group received the same treatment plus GSH-loaded erythrocytes given with AZT (treatment A + L-RBC). Fludarabine was administered intraperitoneally, AZT in the drinking water and GSH was encapsulated in erythrocytes by a procedure of hypotonic dialysis and isotonic resealing. The results obtained show that GSH-loaded erythrocytes provide additive effects in all the parameters examined. Alternation of a lympholitic drug and antiretroviral drug is effective in reducing the progression of murine AIDS. Addition of a system to protect macrophages provides additive effects in almost all the parameters considered, confirming that combination therapies aimed at protecting different infectable cell compartments are better than treatments protecting mainly lymphocytes.
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[Influence of acute anemia and hemodilution on wound healing. Experimental study in rats]. MINERVA CHIR 2001; 56:61-8. [PMID: 11283481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An experimental study was conducted on rats in order to determine the effects of acute anemia and hemodilution on the cicatriztion of the abdominal wall. METHODS Forty two Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control, anemic and hemodiluted. Acute anemia was promoted by removing 3 ml of blood/100 g animal body weight. An equal volume of isotonic saline was injected into animals submitted to hemodilution. The evolution of the abdominal scar was determined at 7 and 14 days by measuring rupture tension and collagen concentration. The resistance gain was similar in all three groups at the level of the skin scars. RESULTS In contrast, in the scars of the peritoneum-muscle-aponevrotic plane, resistance was similar in the anemic and hemodiluted rats throughout the study period, but when the resistance of the scars of these groups was compared to that of the control on the 7th day it was found to be lower (anemic rats, p=0.0360; hemodiluted rats, p=0.0270). The same was observed on the 14th day, when anemic and hemodiluted rats presented less resistant scars than the controls (p=0.0270). The collagen concentration in the skin scars was lower in the anemic group than in the hemodiluted group on the 7th day, but the difference was nonsignificant when compared to that of the control group. On the 14th day, control and hemodiluted rats had a higher collagen concentration than anemic rats (p=0.0020 and p=0.0390). On 14th day the collagen concentration were lower in the scar peritoneum-muscle-aponevrotic (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Thus, under the conditions of the experiment, the skin scar did not show a change in resistance although anemic rats had a lower collagen concentration throughout the study period, and the peritoneum-muscle-aponevrotic scars showed a change in resistance on the 14th day and presented lower collagen concentration in anemic rats.
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Inhibition of murine AIDS by alternate administration of azidothymidine and fludarabine monophosphate. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000; 23:209-20. [PMID: 10839656 DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200003010-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Anti-HIV-1 combination therapies, including protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors, can reduce plasma viremia to undetectable levels within the first 2 weeks of treatment. This reduction is followed by a slower decline that primarily results from the presence of viral reservoirs such as CD4+ memory cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. For this reason, we evaluated a new drug combination therapy that includes a lympholytic drug: (2-fluoro-ara-AMP, fludarabine) to eliminate cells already infected and an antiviral drug (azidothymidine [AZT]) to protect cells not yet infected. We used C57BL/6 mice infected with the retroviral complex LP-BM5, which developed severe immunodeficiency (i.e., murine AIDS), to select the most effective fludarabine regimen to inhibit disease progression, and then to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the fludarabine and AZT combinations. The results obtained show that intraperitoneal administration of fludarabine at 3 mg/mouse twice a day for 4 weeks is the most effective regimen in reducing splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, hypergammaglobulinemia, and proviral DNA content in spleen and lymph nodes and in restoring the architecture of lymph nodes. Subsequently, we evaluated the combined or sequential administration of fludarabine and AZT. The data reported in this paper show that the sequential administration of the two drugs provides additive antiviral effects that reduce spleen and lymph node weights to normal values and proviral DNA content by approximately 95% in all infected organs; the phenotypes of blood T and B cells moved toward control values, although the number of B cells was significantly reduced by fludarabine treatment. Finally, we evaluated the outcome of the disease after suspension or continuation of different treatment regimens. In all treatment groups, the disease progressed and increased proviral DNA content was found in infected organs, but animals receiving the sequential administration of fludarabine and AZT were less affected than those receiving only fludarabine or the simultaneous administration of both. The results obtained suggest that fludarabine could be part of a new therapeutic approach aiming at eradicating HIV from those cells that have been already infected and that are not protected by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
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New treatment protocol including lympholytic and antiretroviral drugs to inhibit murine AIDS. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000; 23:107-13. [PMID: 10737424 DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200002010-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), although very efficient in reducing viral load to undetectable levels within 2 weeks, does not eradicate HIV-1 infection and after the suspension of therapy, HIV RNA rebounds to pretherapy levels. This limited efficacy is mainly due to the existence of viral reservoirs such as CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells in which the virus can remain latent. Elimination of these latent reservoirs would be a possible solution to this problem and various efforts are now being directed to this end. With this goal in mind, we investigated a lympholytic drug with known activity against lymphoproliferative malignancies, 2-fluoro-ara-AMP (fludarabine). The murine model of AIDS was used to evaluate the efficacy of alternating administration of fludarabine and azidothymidine (AZT). The aim of this experiment was to eliminate infected cells with fludarabine and protect noninfected cells with AZT. LP-BM5-infected mice were treated with two different therapeutic protocols: one group was treated with two alternating 3-week cycles of fludarabine and AZT (treatment A), whereas the other was treated with three alternating 2-week cycles of fludarabine and AZT (treatment B); both treatments lasted 12 weeks and the animals in the two groups received the same amount of drug. At different times of infection, disease-related findings (i.e., splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, hypergammaglobulinemia, T-cell and B-cell spleen cell proliferative index, and phenotypes of peripheral blood lymphocytes) were analyzed and the content of proviral DNA in the lymph nodes was quantified. The results obtained show that treatment B was more effective in inhibiting disease progression than treatment A. In fact, all parameters investigated were almost within control values. These results were also confirmed by the quantification of proviral DNA content in the lymph nodes, which after 12 weeks of treatment A declined by approximately 50%, whereas treatment B decreased proviral DNA content by approximately 85% with respect to infected/untreated mice. The data obtained suggest that a therapeutic protocol including three cycles rather than two of a lympholytic drug and antiretroviral drugs is more advantageous. The efficacy of the treatment could likely increase if other drugs were used in addition to AZT and more cycles of fludarabine were added. This approach appears to be of potential interest in an HIV-1 eradication protocol.
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