1
|
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum postbiotic protects against Salmonella infection in broilers via modulating NLRP3 inflammasome and gut microbiota. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103483. [PMID: 38354474 PMCID: PMC10875300 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella infection is a major concern in poultry production which poses potential risks to food safety. Our previous study confirmed that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) postbiotic exhibited a strong antibacterial capacity on Salmonella in vitro. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects and underlying mechanism of LP postbiotic on Salmonella-challenged broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were pretreated with 0.8% deMan Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) medium or 0.8% LP postbiotic (LP cell-free culture supernatant, LPC) in drinking water for 28 d, and then challenged with 1×109 CFU Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE). Birds were sacrificed 3 d postinfection. Results showed that LPC maintained the growth performance by increasing body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) in broilers under SE challenge. LPC significantly attenuated SE-induced intestinal mucosal damage. Specifically, it decreased the intestinal injury score, increased villus length and villus/crypt, regulated the expression of intestinal injury-related genes (Villin, matrix metallopeptidase 3 [MMP3], intestinal fatty acid-binding protein [I-FABP]), and enhanced tight junctions (zona occludens-1 [ZO-1] and Claudin-1). SE infection caused a dramatic inflammatory response, as indicated by the up-regulated concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and the downregulation of IL-10, while LPC pretreatment markedly reversed this trend. We then found that LPC inhibited the activation of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome by decreasing the gene expression of Caspase-1, IL-lβ, and IL-18. Furthermore, LPC suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway (the reduced levels of toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4], myeloid differentiation factor 88 [MyD88], and NF-κB). Finally, our results showed that LPC regulated gut microbiota by enhancing the percentage of Ligilactobacillus and decreasing Alistipes and Barnesiella. In summary, we found that LP postbiotic was effective to protect broilers against Salmonella infection, possibly through suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome and optimizing gut microbiota. Our study provides the potential of postbiotics on prevention of Salmonella infection in poultry.
Collapse
|
2
|
[Preparation of chitin/hyaluronic acid/collagen hydrogel loaded with mouse adipose-derived stem cells and its effects on wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in rats]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG YU CHUANG MIAN XIU FU ZA ZHI 2024; 40:50-56. [PMID: 38296236 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20230928-00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To prepare the chitin/hyaluronic acid/collagen hydrogel loaded with mouse adipose-derived stem cells and to explore its effects on wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in rats. Methods: The research was an experimental research. Chitin nanofibers were prepared by acid hydrolysis and alkaline extraction method, and then mixed with hyaluronic acid and collagen to prepare chitin/hyaluronic acid/collagen hydrogels (hereinafter referred to as hydrogels). Besides, the hydrogels loaded with mouse adipose-derived stem cells were prepared. Thirty male 12-week-old guinea pigs were divided into negative control group, positive control group, and hydrogel group according to the random number table, with 10 guinea pigs in each group. Ethanol, 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, or the aforementioned prepared hydrogels without cells were topically applied on both sides of back of guinea pigs respectively for induced contact and stimulated contact, and skin edema and erythema formation were observed at 24 and 48 h after stimulated contact. Adipose-derived stem cells from mice were divided into normal control group cultured routinely and hydrogel group cultured with the aforementioned prepared hydrogels without cells. After 3 d of culture, protein expressions of platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D), insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) were detected by Western blotting (n=3). Eight male 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were taken and a circular full-thickness skin defect wound was created on each side of the back. The wounds were divided into blank control group without any treatment and hydrogel group with the aforementioned prepared hydrogels loaded with adipose-derived stem cells applied. Wound healing was observed at 0 (immediately), 2, 4, 8, and 10 d after injury, and the wound healing rate was calculated at 2, 4, 8, and 10 d after injury. Wound tissue samples at 10 d after injury were collected, the new tissue formation was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the concentrations of interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method; the expressions of CD16 and CD206 positive cells were observed by immunohistochemical staining and the percentages of positive cells were calculated. The sample numbers in animal experiment were all 8. Results: At 24 h after stimulated contact, no skin edema was observed in the three groups of guinea pigs, and only mild skin erythema was observed in 7 guinea pigs in positive control group. At 48 h after stimulated contact, skin erythema was observed in 8 guinea pigs and skin edema was observed in 4 guinea pigs in positive control group, while no obvious skin erythema or edema was observed in guinea pigs in the other two groups. After 3 d of culture, the protein expression levels of PDGF-D, IGF-I, and TGF-β1 in adipose-derived stem cells in hydrogel group were significantly higher than those in normal control group (with t values of 12.91, 11.83, and 7.92, respectively, P<0.05). From 0 to 10 d after injury, the wound areas in both groups gradually decreased, and the wounds in hydrogel group were almost completely healed at 10 d after injury. At 4, 8, and 10 d after injury, the wound healing rates in hydrogel group were (38±4)%, (54±5)%, and (69±6)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than (21±6)%, (29±7)%, and (31±7)% in blank control group (with t values of 3.82, 3.97, and 4.05, respectively, Pvalues all <0.05). At 10 d after injury, compared with those in blank control group, the epidermis in wound in hydrogel group was more intact, and there were increases in hair follicles, blood vessels, and other skin appendages. At 10 d after injury, the concentrations of IL-1α and IL-6 in wound tissue in hydrogel group were significantly lower than those in blank control group (with tvalues of 8.21 and 7.99, respectively, P<0.05), while the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly higher than those in blank control group (with tvalues of 6.57 and 9.03, respectively, P<0.05). The percentage of CD16 positive cells in wound tissue in hydrogel group was significantly lower than that in blank control group (t=8.02, P<0.05), while the percentage of CD206 positive cells was significantly higher than that in blank control group (t=7.21, P<0.05). Conclusions: The hydrogel loaded with mouse adipose-derived stem cells is non-allergenic, can promote the secretion of growth factors in adipose-derived stem cells, promote the polarization of macrophages to M2 phenotype in wound tissue in rats with full-thickness skin defects, and alleviate inflammatory reaction, thereby promoting wound healing.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Postbiotics Suppress Salmonella Infection via Modulating Bacterial Pathogenicity, Autophagy and Inflammasome in Mice. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3215. [PMID: 37893938 PMCID: PMC10603688 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to explore the effects of postbiotics on protecting against Salmonella infection in mice and clarify the underlying mechanisms. Eighty 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice were gavaged daily with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP)-derived postbiotics (heat-killed bacteria, LPBinactive; culture supernatant, LPC) or the active bacteria (LPBactive), and gavaged with Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (ST). The Turbidimetry test and agar diffusion assay indicated that LPC directly inhibited Salmonella growth. Real-time PCR and biofilm inhibition assay showed that LPC had a strong ability in suppressing Salmonella pathogenicity by reducing virulence genes (SopE, SopB, InvA, InvF, SipB, HilA, SipA and SopD2), pili genes (FilF, SefA, LpfA, FimF), flagellum genes (FlhD, FliC, FliD) and biofilm formation. LP postbiotics were more effective than LP on attenuating ST-induced intestinal damage in mice, as indicated by increasing villus/crypt ratio and increasing the expression levels of tight junction proteins (Occludin and Claudin-1). Elisa assay showed that LP postbiotics significantly reduced ST-induced inflammation by regulating the levels of inflammatory cytokines (the increased IL-4 and IL-10 and the decreased TNF-α) in serum and ileum (p < 0.05). Furthermore, LP postbiotics inhibited the activation of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome by decreasing the protein expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1, and the gene expression of Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18. Meanwhile, both LPC and LPB observably activated autophagy under ST infection, as indicated by the up-regulated expression of LC3 and Beclin1 and the downregulated p62 level (p < 0.05). Finally, we found that LP postbiotics could trigger an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to induce autophagy. In summary, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-derived postbiotics alleviated Salmonella infection via modulating bacterial pathogenicity, autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome in mice. Our results confirmed the effectiveness of postbiotics agents in the control of Salmonella infection.
Collapse
|
4
|
Investigation of ATR Inhibitor VX970 as a Radiosensitizer in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e271-e272. [PMID: 37785025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of combined cancer-related mortality in males and females in the U.S. Traditional treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer consists of neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Emerging data suggests that higher response rates can be achieved with total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) where delivery of all chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) occurs prior to surgery. In addition, for patients with a complete response to TNT, non-operative management (NOM) can be considered. However, despite the use of TNT, pathologic complete response rates remain below 40% and NOM is only achieved in approximately 50% of rectal cancer patients. A strong need remains for more active anti-cancer therapies in rectal cancer to both reduce pelvic recurrence and facilitate NOM. Here, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein kinase (ATR), a critical regulator of cellular DNA damage response, could increase the sensitivity of CRC to RT. MATERIALS/METHODS VX970, a highly potent and selective ATR inhibitor, was investigated as a radiosensitizer in SW48 and LoVo CRC cell models. In vitro, IC50 of VX970 was assessed by alamarBlue cytotoxicity assay, while radiosensitivity was revealed by radiation clonogenic assays (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 Gy). ATR activity was determined by p-Chk1 using immunoblotting, and cell cycle distribution was analyzed by propidium iodide flow cytometry. CRC xenografts were generated using both LoVo and SW48 cells injected in the left flanks of athymic nude mice to explore the radiosensitizing effects of VX970 in vivo. Tumors were allowed to grow to 100-150 mm3, and the mice were randomized into multiple groups [vehicle alone, RT alone (10 Gy/5 fractions), VX970 alone, and VX970+RT]. Mouse weights and tumor size were measured three times weekly. Comparison of treatment groups was performed using the log-rank test with P<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS The IC50 concentrations of VX970 on SW48 and LoVo cells were about 500 and 100 nM, respectively. VX970 at doses of 3 nM did not alter the viability of CRC cells, but significantly sensitized CRC cells to radiotherapy (P<0.05), with DER of 1.43 and 1.59, respectively, in SW48 and LoVo cells. VX970 efficiently attenuated p-Chk1 expression and significantly abrogated radiation induced G2/M cell cycle arrest (P<0.05). In addition, VX970 in combination with radiotherapy significantly prolonged tumor growth delay of CRC xenografts compared to radiation alone (P<0.05), with minimal toxicity observed. CONCLUSION Inhibition of the ATR-Chk1 pathway by targeting ATR kinase with VX970 sensitizes CRC to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Our findings support that ATR inhibition by VX970 is a promising new approach to improve the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy for patients with CRC and warrants further clinical testing.
Collapse
|
5
|
LincRNA-EPS Alleviates Inflammation in TMJ Osteoarthritis by Binding to SRSF3. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1141-1151. [PMID: 37464762 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231180464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common inflammatory disease that can cause pain, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone loss. However, the key regulatory factors and new targets for the treatment of TMJOA have yet to be determined. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have shown remarkable potential in regulating tissue homeostasis and disease development. The long intergenic RNA-erythroid prosurvival (lincRNA-EPS) is reported to be an effective inhibitor of inflammation, but its role in TMJOA is unexplored. Here, we found that lincRNA-EPS is downregulated and negatively correlated with inflammatory factors in the condyles of TMJOA mice. LincRNA-EPS knockout aggravated inflammation and tissue destruction after TMJOA modeling. The in vitro studies confirmed that loss of lincRNA-EPS facilitated inflammatory factor expression in condylar chondrocytes, while recovered expression of lincRNA-EPS showed anti-inflammatory effects. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing revealed that the inflammatory response pathway nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was mostly affected by lincRNA-EPS deficiency. Moreover, lincRNA-EPS was proved to effectively bind to serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and inhibit its function in pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) formation, thus restraining the PKM2/NF-κB pathway and the expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, local injection of the lincRNA-EPS overexpression lentivirus significantly alleviated inflammation, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone loss in TMJOA mice. Overall, lincRNA-EPS regulated the inflammatory process of condylar chondrocytes by binding to SRSF3 and showed translational application potential in the treatment of TMJOA.
Collapse
|
6
|
Lactobacillus plantarum postbiotics trigger AMPK-dependent autophagy to suppress Salmonella intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1336-1353. [PMID: 37052047 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
We previously found that Lactobacillus plantarum (LP)-derived postbiotics protected animals against Salmonella infection, but the molecular mechanism remains obscure. This study clarified the mechanisms from the perspective of autophagy. Intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) were pretreated with LP-derived postbiotics (the culture supernatant, LPC; or heat-killed bacteria, LPB), and then challenged with Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (ST). Results showed that LP postbiotics markedly triggered autophagy under ST infection, as indicated by the increased LC3 and Beclin1 and the decreased p62 levels. Meanwhile, LP postbiotics (particularly LPC) exhibited a strong capacity of inhibiting ST adhesion, invasion and replication. Pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) led to a significant decrease of autophagy and the aggravated infection, indicating the importance of autophagy in LP postbiotics-mediated Salmonella elimination. LP postbiotics (especially LPB) significantly suppressed ST-induced inflammation by modulating inflammatory cytokines (the increased interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10, and decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18). Furthermore, LP postbiotics inhibited NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, as evidenced by the decreased levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC). Deficits in autophagy resulted in an increase of inflammatory response and inflammasome activation. Finally, we found that both LPC and LPB triggered AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to induce autophagy, and this was further confirmed by AMPK RNA interference. The intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome were aggravated after AMPK knockdown. In summary, LP postbiotics trigger AMPK-mediated autophagy to suppress Salmonella intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome in IPEC-J2 cells. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of postbiotics, and provide a new strategy for preventing Salmonella infection.
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract No. 572 Meta-Analysis of Genicular Artery Embolization for Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
|
8
|
Abstract No. 594 Single Session Mechanical Thrombectomy of Ileofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis with ClotTriever: Exploring its Possibilities in an Outpatient Setting. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
|
9
|
Abstract No. 198 Portal Vein Embolization for Future Liver Remnant Enhancement in Initially Unresectable Pediatric Hepatoblastoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
|
10
|
PVH-Peri5 Pathway for Stress-Coping Oromotor and Anxious Behaviors in Mice. J Dent Res 2023; 102:227-237. [PMID: 36303441 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221130305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stressful stimuli can activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Clinically, it has been widely reported that stressful events are often accompanied by teeth clenching and bruxism, while mastication (chewing) can promote coping with stress. Trigeminal motoneurons in the trigeminal motor nucleus supplying the chewing muscles receive direct inputs from interneurons within the peritrigeminal premotor area (Peri5). Previous studies found that the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH) participates in trigeminal activities during stressful events. However, the neural pathway by which the stress-induced oral movements alleviate stress is largely unknown. We hypothesized that paraventricular-trigeminal circuits might be associated with the stress-induced chewing movements and anxiety levels. First, we observed the stress-coping effect of wood gnawing on stress-induced anxiety, with less anxiety-like behaviors seen in the open field test and elevated plus maze, as well as decreased corticosterone and blood glucose levels, in response to stress in mice. We then found that excitotoxic lesions of PVH reduced the effect of gnawing on stress, reflected in more anxiety-like behaviors; this emphasizes the importance of the PVH in stress responses. Anterograde, retrograde, transsynaptic, and nontranssynaptic tracing through central and peripheral injections confirmed monosynaptic projections from PVH to Peri5. We discovered that PVH receives proprioceptive sensory inputs from the jaw muscle and periodontal ligaments, as well as provides motor outputs via the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Me5) and Peri5. Next, pathway-specific functional manipulation by chemogenetic inhibition was conducted to further explore the role of PVH-Peri5 monosynaptic projections. Remarkably, PVH-Peri5 inhibition decreased gnawing but did not necessarily reduce stress-induced anxiety. Moreover, neuropeptide B (NPB) was expressed in Peri5-projecting PVH neurons, indicating that NPB signaling may mediate the effects of PVH-Peri5. In conclusion, our data revealed a PVH-Peri5 circuit that plays a role in the stress response via its associations with oromotor movements and relative anxiety-like behaviors.
Collapse
|
11
|
DISTINGUISHING POLYCYTHEMIA FROM ALLERGIC PRURITUS. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
12
|
1744P Camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel in platinum-resistant patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A multicentre, single-arm, phase II study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
13
|
Lactobacillus plantarum-derived postbiotics prevent Salmonella-induced neurological dysfunctions by modulating gut-brain axis in mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:946096. [PMID: 35967771 PMCID: PMC9365972 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.946096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are the inactive bacteria and/or metabolites of beneficial microbes which have been recently found to be as effective as their live probiotic. This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP)-derived postbiotics on ameliorating Salmonella-induced neurological dysfunctions. Mice were pretreated with LP postbiotics (heat-killed bacteria or the metabolites) or active bacteria, and then challenged with Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (ST). Results showed that LP postbiotics, particularly the metabolites, effectively prevented ST infection in mice, as evidenced by the inhibited weight loss, bacterial translocation, and tissue damages. The LP postbiotics markedly suppressed brain injuries and neuroinflammation (the decreased interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, and the increased IL-4 and IL-10). Behavior tests indicated that LP postbiotics, especially the metabolites, protected mice from ST-induced anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and cognitive impairment. A significant modulation of neuroactive molecules (5-hydroxytryptamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, dopamine, acetylcholine, and neuropeptide Y) was also found by LP postbiotic pretreatment. Microbiome analysis revealed that LP postbiotics optimized the cecal microbial composition by increasing Helicobacter, Lactobacillus and Dubosiella, and decreasing Mucispirillum, norank_f_Oscillospiraceae, and Eubacterium_siraeum_group. Moreover, LP postbiotics inhibited the reduction of short-chain fatty acids caused by ST infection. Pearson's correlation assays further confirmed the strong relationship of LP postbiotics-mediated benefits and gut microbiota. This study highlights the effectiveness of postbiotics and provide a promising strategy for preventing infection-induced brain disorders by targeting gut–brain axis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Utility of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III online calculator to differentiate the primary progressive aphasia variants. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac161. [PMID: 35912134 PMCID: PMC9336588 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III is a brief cognitive screening tool that is widely used for the detection and monitoring of dementia. Recent findings suggest that the three variants of primary progressive aphasia can be distinguished based on their distinct profiles on the five subdomain scores of this test. Here, we investigated the utility of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III to differentiate the primary progressive aphasia variants based on their item-by-item performance profiles on this test. From these results, we created an interactive primary progressive aphasia Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III calculator which predicts the variant based on a patient’s unique item-by-item profile. Twenty-eight logopenic variant, 25 non-fluent variant and 37 semantic variant primary progressive aphasia patients and 104 healthy controls completed the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III at first clinical presentation. Multinomial regression analyses were conducted to establish performance profiles among groups, and R Shiny from RStudio was used to create the interactive Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III diagnostic calculator. To verify its accuracy, probability values of the regression model were derived based on a 5-fold cross-validation of cases. The calculator’s accuracy was then verified in an independent sample of 17 logopenic, 19 non-fluent and 13 semantic variant primary progressive aphasia patients and 68 Alzheimer’s disease patients who had completed the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III (or an older version of this test: Revised) and had in vivo amyloid-PET imaging and/or brain autopsy pathological confirmation. Cross-validation of cases in the calculator model revealed different rates of sensitivity in classifying variants: semantic = 100%, non-fluent = 80.6% and logopenic = 79.9%; healthy controls were distinguished from primary progressive aphasia patients with 100% sensitivity. Verification of in vivo amyloid and/or autopsy-confirmed patients showed that the calculator correctly classified 10/13 (77%) semantic variant, 3/19 (16%) non-fluent variant and 4/17 (24%) logopenic variant patients. Importantly, for patients who were not classified, diagnostic probability values mostly pointed toward the correct clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, misclassified diagnoses of the primary progressive aphasia cohort were rare (1/49; 2%). Although 22 of the 68 Alzheimer’s disease patients (32%) were misclassified with primary progressive aphasia, 19/22 were misclassified with the logopenic variant (i.e. falling within the same neuropathological entity). The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III primary progressive aphasia diagnostic calculator demonstrates sound accuracy in differentiating the variants based on an item-by-item Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III profile. This calculator represents a new frontier in using data-driven approaches to differentiate the primary progressive aphasia variants.
Collapse
|
15
|
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamamide-Tethered 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
16
|
Circular RNA circ_0032462 Enhances Osteosarcoma Cell Progression by Promoting KIF3B Expression. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820943217. [PMID: 33153390 PMCID: PMC7658513 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820943217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs are a recently discovered subclass of endogenous noncoding RNAs that have been confirmed to play an important role in various pathophysiological processes. However, the underlying function of circular RNAs in osteosarcoma still remains unclear. We aimed to comprehend the function of circ_0032462 in osteosarcoma, as it has been predicted to be highly expressed in osteosarcoma cells. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, we verified the elevated expression of circ_0032462 in osteosarcoma cells than normal cells. Functional validation experiments revealed that circ_0032462 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion in osteosarcoma cells, whereas circ_0032462 silencing was observed to inhibit cancer cell progression (proliferation, migration, and invasion). Furthermore, we found that circ_0032462 upregulated the messenger RNA and protein expression level of kinesin family member 3B. In addition, kinesin family member 3B inhibition was found to inhibit circ_0032462-induced enhanced osteosarcoma cell progression. circ_0032462 overexpression was observed to reverse circ_0032462 silencing-induced inhibitory effect on osteosarcoma cell progression. Overall, our research revealed the function of circ_0032462 in osteosarcoma progression, which might serve as a novel chemotherapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
Collapse
|
17
|
A randomised controlled trial of fibrinogen concentrate during scoliosis surgery. Anaesthesia 2020; 75:1476-1481. [PMID: 32500569 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bleeding and blood transfusion are common after scoliosis surgery. Fibrinogen is essential for blood clot formation and depletes quickly during haemorrhage. We randomly allocated 102 children 12-18 years old having surgery for idiopathic scoliosis, 51 to intra-operative fibrinogen concentrate 30 mg.kg-1 (maximum 2 g) and 51 to saline placebo. Fibrinogen reduced peri-operative blood loss by a median (95%CI) volume of 155 (5-320) ml, from a median (IQR [range]) of 1035 (818-1420 [400-3030]) ml to 885 (755-1155 [270-2645]) ml, p = 0.04. Seven and four children received allogeneic red blood cell transfusion after fibrinogen and placebo, respectively, p = 0.34. There were no side-effects.
Collapse
|
18
|
FRI0245 PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS IS NEARLY ALWAYS ACCOMPANIED BY A LOW DIFFUSING CAPACITY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis; SSc) has high morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is common with a high mortality (1). SSc patients are screened with pulmonary function tests (diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; DLCO) (2).Objectives:The DLCO%predicted was analyzed comparing patients with and without PAH to determine if it is always low at time of PAH diagnosis.Methods:The Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG) database was used containing more than 1300 SSc patients with a mean disease duration of 8 years. All patients with at least one follow up visit and DLCO recorded at least twice were eligible for enrolment into this nested case control study. Diagnosis of PH was verified using several algorithms within the database including R heart catheterization, use of PH medications and physician response of ‘yes’ to question has this patient been diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension. Sensitivity, specificity and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated for DLC0%predicted <50% and presence of PH/PAH.Results:At time of PH diagnosis, the mean DLCO% predicted was 47% (N=30) vs no PH 73% (N=960) P<0.0001, and proven documented PAH also showed the differences (PAH, N=22 DLCO% predicted 51% vs. PAH negative (N=968) DLCO% pred 72%, P<0.0001) (Table 1). The OR of a DLCO%predicted less than 60 was 4.7 for PAH and 7.6 for PH (both P<0.001) and even higher if DLCO<50% (OR 11.5 for PH and 7.6 for PAH). Table 2 shows the PPV of DLCO at varying levels.Table 1.DLCO comparison between PH+ and PH- SSc patients and between PAH+ and PAH- SSc patients, at the time of diagnosis.PH+(n=30)PH-(n=960)P-valuePAH+(n=22)PAH- (n=968)P-valuemean±SD47.17±17.5372.74±20.79<0.000151.23±17.5572.44±20.99<0.0001Range18-8113-14725-8113-147Table 2.Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values in SSc-PH and -PAH for DLCO at various cut points.ORPPVSpecificityNPVSensitivityDLCO<50%11.5 (CI 95% 5.4-24.8),p<0.000113.2%87.0%98.7%63.3%PHDLCO<60%7.6 (CI 95% 3.3-17.2), p<0.00017.9%73.3%98.9%73.3%DLCO>80%0.06 (CI 95% 0.008-0.46), p=0.0070.3%64.5%95.5%3.3%DLCO<50%7.6 (CI 95% 3.2-17.9), p<0.00018.3%86.4%98.8%54.5%PAHDLCO<60%4.7 (1.9-11.3), p<0.0015.0%72.7%98.9%63.6%DLCO>80%0.1 (0.01-0.7), p=0.0180.3%64.8%96.8%4.5%Conclusion:A low DLCO is associated with a high odds of PH/PAH in SSc and the NPV is very high at both DLCO<50% predicted and <60% predicted. This may aid in determining who should recieve a right heart catheterization in SSc patients.References:[1]Mukerjee D et al (2003) Prevalence and outcome in systemic sclerosis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: application of a registry approach. Ann Rheum Dis 62(11):1088-93[2]Khanna D et al (2013) Recommendations for screening and detection of connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Arthritis Rheum 65(12):3194-201Disclosure of Interests:None declared
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The gut is composed of a single layer of intestinal epithelial cells and plays important roles in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, immune and barrier functions and amino acid metabolism. Weaning stress impairs piglet intestinal epithelium structural and functional integrities, which results in reduced feed intake, growth rates and increased morbidity and mortality. Several measures are needed to maintain swine gut development and growth performance after weaning stress. A large body of evidence indicates that, in weaning piglets, glutamine, a functional amino acid, may improve growth performance and intestinal morphology, reduce oxidative damage, stimulate enterocyte proliferation, modulate cell survival and death and enhance intestinal paracellular permeability. This review focuses on the effects of glutamine on intestinal health in piglets. The aim is to provide evidentiary support for using glutamine as a feed additive to alleviate weaning stress.
Collapse
|
20
|
Comparison of dysregulated long noncoding RNAs in lung adenocarcinoma and spinal metastasis: A genome-wide analysis. Neoplasma 2019; 66:930-938. [PMID: 31390868 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2018_181111n854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play crucial roles in cancer metastasis, yet the lncRNAs landscape of lung adenocarcinoma has not been completely characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the expression profile and potential function of lncRNA in lung adenocarcinoma and in spinal metastasis (SM). A genome-wide microarray analysis was conducted on lung adenocarcinoma and SM tissue from ten Chinese patients. A total of 3,345 differentially expressed lncRNAs were detected. Of those, 761 lncRNAs were upregulated and 2,584 were downregulated (fold-change >2.0, p<0.05). These differentially expressed lncRNAs were not evenly distributed among the chromosomes of human genome. Volcano plots of these differentially expressed lncRNAs revealed large variability in lncRNAs expression among 12 patients, indicating that certain lncRNAs may play a positive role in SM of lung adenocarcinoma. Gene Ontology enrichment and pathway analysis identified several remarkably dysregulated biological pathways that affect cell adhesion and the interaction of cytokines and cytokine receptors. Co-expression network analysis showed that 9,458 lncRNAs had verified cis- and trans- target genes. All 2,317 cis targeted genes were confirmed to be differentially expressed and influenced by dysregulated lncRNAs in SM of lung adenocarcinoma. Top ten markedly dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs were verified from the co-expression network. In conclusion, this study was a genome-wide survey of dysregulated lncRNAs and corresponding mRNAs that comprise co-regulation networks for SM and lung adenocarcinoma tissues. These dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNA networks could be used as therapeutic gene targets to prevent SM of lung adenocarcinoma and to predictively evaluate treatment efficacy.
Collapse
|
21
|
A98 SURVEILLANCE COLONOSCOPIES IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS: DOES IT MAKE A DIFFERENCE? J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
22
|
The composition, richness, and evenness of seedlings from the soil seed bank of a semi-arid steppe in northern China are affected by long-term stocking rates of sheep and rainfall variation. RANGELAND JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/rj18025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The soil seed bank has a large influence on the potential for grassland restoration. This study aimed to characterise the composition, density, richness, and evenness of seedlings emerging from the soil seed bank under different sheep stocking rates, in a summer grazing system, in semi-arid China. Soil was sampled in 2015, a year with extreme drought conditions and in 2016, a normal rainfall year. The soil seed bank was assessed by measuring seedling emergence under laboratory conditions. Comprising 16 species, 85.4% of the seedlings were concentrated within a depth of 0–5cm. Drought significantly reduced the density and richness of the seedlings. Grazing increased the richness of seedlings by increasing the richness of aboveground species, and grazing significantly reduced the evenness of the seedlings by reducing the evenness of aboveground species. Drought significantly reduced the similarities between the seedlings and the aboveground species, whereas grazing increased similarities in both years. This study revealed that the density and richness of seedlings were higher in higher stocking rate in drought year. We conclude that negative effects on density, richness and evenness of the seedlings caused by drought can be overcome by rotational grazing especially at higher stocking rate.
Collapse
|
23
|
Multicomponent intermetallic nanoparticles and superb mechanical behaviors of complex alloys. Science 2018; 362:933-937. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aas8815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alloy design based on single–principal-element systems has approached its limit for performance enhancements. A substantial increase in strength up to gigapascal levels typically causes the premature failure of materials with reduced ductility. Here, we report a strategy to break this trade-off by controllably introducing high-density ductile multicomponent intermetallic nanoparticles (MCINPs) in complex alloy systems. Distinct from the intermetallic-induced embrittlement under conventional wisdom, such MCINP-strengthened alloys exhibit superior strengths of 1.5 gigapascals and ductility as high as 50% in tension at ambient temperature. The plastic instability, a major concern for high-strength materials, can be completely eliminated by generating a distinctive multistage work-hardening behavior, resulting from pronounced dislocation activities and deformation-induced microbands. This MCINP strategy offers a paradigm to develop next-generation materials for structural applications.
Collapse
|
24
|
HSP27 immunization attenuates atherogenesis by markedly reducing plasma PCSK9 and cholesterol levels. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
25
|
Improving antibiotic compliance: The five-audit junior-led experience. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
26
|
SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS UPREGULATE ADIPOKINE PRODUCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES-DERIVED HUMAN ADIPOCYTES. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2018; 14:287-293. [PMID: 31149273 PMCID: PMC6525780 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a major regulatory role in adipocyte function and metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SCFAs on adiponectin and leptin expression in adipocytes, and also to determine whether the effects of SCFA treatment in visceral adipocytes obtained from healthy subjects are different relative to the effects in adipocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human pericardiac preadipocytes and human pericardiac preadipocytes type 2 diabetes were differentiated into adipocytes for 21 days in 48-well plates. After differentiation, two kinds of mature adipocytes, human pericardiac adipocytes (HPAd) and human pericardiac adipocytes-type 2 diabetes (HPAd-T2D) were incubated with or without 1 mM of acetic acid (AA), butyrate acid (BA), and propionic acid (PA). After 48 hours of incubation, intracellular lipid accumulation was measured using oil red staining. In addition, mRNA levels of adiponectin, leptin and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) were determined by Real-Time PCR system. RESULTS In HPAd, SCFA supplementation did not inhibit lipid accumulation. By contrast, both AA (p<0.01) and PA (p<0.01) significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in HPAd-T2D. Regarding mRNA levels of adiponectin, no significant changes were found in HPAd, while all three types of SCFAs significantly increased (p<0.05) adiponectin expression in HPAd-T2D. Leptin mRNA expression levels were significantly increased by treatment with all three types of SCFAs in both HPAd (p<0.05) and HPAd-T2D (p<0.05). CONCLUSION SCFAs inhibited lipid droplet accumulation and increased mRNA expression of adiponectin and leptin in T2D-derived adipocytes.
Collapse
|
27
|
A330 PREVENTION OF POST-ERCP PANCREATITIS: DO PROTEASE INHIBITORS HAVE A ROLE? J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
28
|
Temporomandibular joint positional change accompanies post-surgical mandibular relapse-A long-term retrospective study among patients who underwent mandibular advancement. Orthod Craniofac Res 2017; 21:33-40. [DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
29
|
[The surgery of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas and the significance of thyroid stimulating hormone level in follow-up]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2016; 96:3825-3828. [PMID: 28057099 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.47.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas and the effect of the transsphenoidal approach of procedure with/without drug treatment for thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas, and to investigate the correlation between the prognosis of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas and the postoperative level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Methods: A total of 45 patients with thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma who hospitalized in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2000 to 2015 were enrolled in the study.We collected the clinical features, hormone levels, imaging findings, treatment and follow-up data of these patients. Results: The average age of the patients was 40.26 years old and the average disease duration was 5.83 years.Among them, 8 cases were microadenomas and 37 cases were macroadenoma.Thirty patients were treated with somatostatin analogues before surgery.TSH level was significantly decreased after operation (P=0.012). All of them had done the pituitary surgery, including 44 transsphenoidal surgery and 1 subfrontal surgery that had recurrence one year after the transsphenoidal surgery.The TSH level of 34 cases went back to normal on the third day after surgery.The remission rates on three months and one year after surgery in patients with TSH level<0.1 mIU/L on postoperative day (POD) 3 were significantly higher than those in patients with TSH level>0.1 mIU/L on POD3.As well as the remission rates on three months and one year after surgery in patients with TSH level normal on postoperative one month were significantly higher than those in patients with TSH level abnormal on postoperative one month. Conclusions: TSH level of postoperative one month could be used to predict prognosis and monitor recurrence.
Collapse
|
30
|
Elimination of blinding trachoma in China. J Fr Ophtalmol 2016; 39:836-842. [PMID: 27865692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present the change in the prevalence of blindness caused by trachoma between 1987 and 2006 by secondary data analysis based on two China National Sample Surveys on Disability (CNSSD). METHODS Secondary data analysis was performed on two China National Sample Surveys on Disability (CNSSD), which were national representative household surveys conducted in 1987 and 2006. The prevalence of blindness caused by trachoma was estimated by 10-year age group. In addition, the proportion of various causes of blindness was evaluated. The geographical distribution of blindness caused by trachoma both in 1987 and 2006 was analyzed in order to visualize the hot spots of blinding trachoma in China. RESULTS The prevalence of blindness caused by trachoma in China decreased from 51.5/100,000 in 1987 to 17.6/100,000 in 2006. In addition, the proportion of blindness attributed to trachoma also decreased from 10.1% (1987) to 0.9% (2006). Moreover, the prevalence of blindness caused by trachoma was over 200/100,000 in 2.2% of sampled counties in 2006 as compared to 8.6% in 1987. The hot spots of blinding trachoma were shown to be limited to underdeveloped mountain areas in Hubei and Guizhou provinces. CONCLUSION Although blinding trachoma is no longer the leading cause of blindness in China since the 2000's, the prevalence of trachoma should still be monitored in some underdeveloped mountain areas. Therefore, health organization must continue to fight against blinding trachoma in underdeveloped areas.
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract PR429. Anesth Analg 2016. [DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000492816.92189.b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
32
|
Kaleidoscope of quantum phases in a long-range interacting spin-1 chain. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B 2016; 93:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.205115. [PMID: 31276074 PMCID: PMC6604636 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.93.205115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Motivated directly by recent trapped-ion quantum simulation experiments, we carry out a comprehensive study of the phase diagram of a spin-1 chain with XXZ-type interactions that decay as 1/rα , using a combination of finite and infinite-size DMRG calculations, spin-wave analysis, and field theory. In the absence of long-range interactions, varying the spin-coupling anisotropy leads to four distinct and well-studied phases: a ferromagnetic Ising phase, a disordered XY phase, a topological Haldane phase, and an antiferromagnetic Ising phase. If long-range interactions are antiferromagnetic and thus frustrated, we find primarily a quantitative change of the phase boundaries. On the other hand, ferromagnetic (nonfrustrated) long-range interactions qualitatively impact the entire phase diagram. Importantly, for α ≲ 3 long-range interactions destroy the Haldane phase, break the conformal symmetry of the XY phase, give rise to a new phase that spontaneously breaks a U(1) continuous symmetry, and introduce a possibly exotic tricritical point with no direct parallel in short-range interacting spin chains. Importantly, we show that the main signatures of all five phases found could be observed experimentally in the near future.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Topological phases of matter are primarily studied in systems with short-range interactions. In nature, however, nonrelativistic quantum systems often exhibit long-range interactions. Under what conditions topological phases survive such interactions, and how they are modified when they do, is largely unknown. By studying the symmetry-protected topological phase of an antiferromagnetic spin-1 chain with 1/r α interactions, we show that two very different outcomes are possible, depending on whether or not the interactions are frustrated. While unfrustrated long-range interactions can destroy the topological phase for α ≲ 3, the topological phase survives frustrated interactions for all α > 0. Our conclusions are based on strikingly consistent results from large-scale matrix-product-state simulations and effective-field-theory calculations, and we expect them to hold for more general interacting spin systems. The models we study can be naturally realized in trapped-ion quantum simulators, opening the prospect for experimental investigation of the issues confronted here.
Collapse
|
34
|
Evaluation of Immune Profiles and MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Long-Term Stable Liver Transplant Recipients and Recipients With Acute Rejection Episodes. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:2907-15. [PMID: 26707312 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to document the difference of immunophenotypes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between long-term stable liver transplant recipients and recipients with acute rejection. We also sought to identify whether there is any correlation between microRNA (miRNA) expression profile and the differential immunoprofile in these 2 groups to establish a specific miRNA biomarker to identify potential liver transplant recipients. METHODS PBMCs were isolated from 53 stable liver transplant recipients (STA group) and 15 liver transplant recipients with repeated biopsy-proven rejection episodes admitted to our hospital. Immunoprofiles were analyzed by means of flow cytometry. Analysis of miRNA expression in the PBMCs was performed by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The immune profiling analysis showed increased frequency of peripheral natural killer cells and regulatory T cells in stable liver transplant recipients compared with the acute rejection recipients and healthy volunteers (P < .05). There was no significant difference in the immune cell levels (CD19(+) B cells, CD4(+) T cells, and CD8(+) T cells) in PBMCs among the transplant recipient groups and healthy control subjects. Three miRNAs, miR-18b, miR-340, and miR-106b, were up-regulated in the PBMCs of the STA recipients compared with recipients with acute rejection. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that miR-18b, miR-340, and miR-106b, which regulate the expression of specific immunophenotypes, can be used as potential biomarkers to identify long-term stable liver transplant recipients from recipients with acute rejection.
Collapse
|
35
|
A Volumetric Study of Aqueous Primary Alcohols as Functions of Concentration and Temperature. J SOLUTION CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-015-0400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
36
|
Posterior Pole Retinal Abnormalities in Mild Asymptomatic FEVR. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 56:458-63. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-15821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
37
|
WE-G-141-02: Impact of Imaging Quality On Interfraction Patient Setup Errors and Autocorrelation in Image Guided Head-And-Neck Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
38
|
Time Series Analysis of Interfraction Patient Setup in Image Guided Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
39
|
SU-E-T-592: Comparison of Low Dose Volume and Integral Dose in Rotational Arc Radiation Therapy Modalities. Med Phys 2012; 39:3842. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
40
|
SU-E-T-574: Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for Prostate Radiation: A Dosimetric Comparison between VMAT Techniques and Fixed-Beam IMRT. Med Phys 2012; 39:3837-3838. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
41
|
MEDICAL AND NEURO-ONCOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
42
|
Antigen-specific T-regulatory cells can extend skin graft survival time in mice. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:2033-40. [PMID: 21693321 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of donor antigen-specific CD4(+)CD25(+) T-regulatory cells (Tregs) on skin allografts in mice. An allogeneic skin transplant model was established using donor C57BL/6 or DBA and recipient BALB/c mice. Recipients were divided into 4 groups: control group without intervention (CON; C57BL/6 to BALB/c), rapamycin gavage group (RAP; C57BL/6 to BALB/c), CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs-treated group (TRE; C57BL/6 to BALB/c), in which recipients received transfusions of CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs stimulated with C57BL/6-derived immature dendritic cells, and the third-party donor group (DBA; DBA to BALB/c) in which recipients received transfusions of BALB/c CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs stimulated with C57BL/6-derived immature dendritic cells. Mean (SD) survival time of the skin allografts in the TRE group was 17.0 (3.4) days, significantly longer than in the other groups: CON, 6.9 (1.9) days; RAP, 10.3 (3.0) days; and DBA, 10.8 (3.6) days. The TRE group demonstrated a significantly greater expression of transforming growth factor-β and interleukin (IL)-10. Donor antigen-specific CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs effectively extend skin allograft survival in mice.
Collapse
|
43
|
Comparison of 3DCRT and Rotational IMRT for the Treatment of Whole Ventricle in Pediatric Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
44
|
The In-hospital and long-term follow-up older patients unprotected left main coronary artery disease treated with drug-eluting stenting. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
45
|
SU-E-T-800: Evaluation of Left-Sided Breast Cancer Treatment Using Rotational and Fixed-Gantry Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
46
|
SU-E-T-611: Dosimetric Comparison of Helical to Standard Three Dimensional Conformal Radiation Treatment for Distal Esophageal Cancer. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
47
|
SU-E-T-604: Decreasing Subcutaneous Skin Dose in Breast Radiotherapy Using TomoDirect (TD). Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
48
|
Abstract P5-07-01: BreastCancerTrials.org: Early Evaluation of a Nationwide Clinical Trial Matching Service. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p5-07-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In 1999, UCSF researchers and patient advocates began a collaboration to design BreastCancerTrials.org (BCT.org), a web-based clinical trial matching service. In May 2005, the UCSF Center of Excellence for Breast Cancer Care (COE) and NCI launched BCT.org as a 2-year pilot with the participation of 13 Bay Area research sites. The pilot showed that breast cancer patients were willing to use an online clinical trial matching service, that they were able to enter their detailed health history onto web-based forms, and that the system's underlying caMATCH technology led to valid matches. In a companion study to evaluate the accuracy of patient-entered data, UCSF researchers found a 93% match rate between the data UCSF patients entered in BCT.org and their corresponding clinic charts. As a result, the COE partnered with a non-profit corporation (Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative or QLHC) to launch a nationwide version of BCT.org in October 2008. Development: The COE and QLHC team upgraded BCT.org to include personalized questionnaires for different breast conditions; the ability to use BCT.org anonymously; and the development of more clearly presented trial information. To improve the quality of matching, the team developed TrialCODE, a caMATCH-compatible tool for coding and validating a wide range of eligibility criteria. In July 2009, BCT.org added a Trial Alert Service to inform users when newly listed trials match their history, and SecureCONNECT, a messaging platform that enables users to share their online health history with research sites. COE researchers defined metrics and configured Google Analytics to monitor user traffic and support quality improvement.
Results: As of June 2010, the BCT.org trial registry had 331 coded trials, including 213 for treatment, 63 for psychosocial/support, and 55 distributed among diagnosis/screening, prevention, and other categories. The treatment trials were evenly divided between early and advanced disease and included additional trials for individuals with DCIS. In the 18 months between Jan. 2009 and June 2010, BCT.org received 25,206 visits with traffic increasing by 36% in the first 6 months of 2010 compared to the same period in 2009. Since its launch in July 2009, the Trial Alert Service (TAS) enrolled over 1,400 subscribers. As a result, the number of returning users increased from 1,335 to 4,007 in the 6-month period leading up to its launch, compared to the 6-month period after launch. Fifty research sites have registered to use SecureCONNECT and, with patient consent, can securely view BCT. org patient health histories. During the 18 month evaluation period, 3,563 BCT.org users started a health history with 2,206 (62%) completing it and matching to trials; among the users who matched to trials, 920 users (42%) clicked through to view a list of participating research sites. Conclusion: Thousands of patients have adopted BCT.org and use it to monitor trial opportunities. The registry of breast cancer trials is diverse and growing. The COE and QLHC are working to increase participation in SecureCONNECT and evaluate its impact on the efficiency of trial screening and enrollment.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-07-01.
Collapse
|
49
|
Numerical analysis of deep sub-wavelength integrated plasmonic devices based on Semiconductor-Insulator-Metal strip waveguides. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:18945-18959. [PMID: 20940788 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.018945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the first study of nanoscale integrated photonic devices constructed with semiconductor-insulator-metal strip (SIMS) waveguides for use at telecom wavelengths. These waveguides support hybrid plasmonic modes transmitting through a 5-nm thick insulating region with a normalized intensity of 200-300 μm(-2). Their fundamental mode, unique transmission and dispersion properties are consistent with photonic devices for guiding and routing of signals in communication applications. It has been demonstrated using Finite Element Methods (FEM) that the high performance SIMS waveguide can be used to fabricate deep sub-wavelength integrated plasmonic devices such as directional couplers with the ultra short coupling lengths, sharply bent waveguides, and ring resonators having a functional size of ≈1 µm and with low insertion losses and nearly zero radiation losses.
Collapse
|
50
|
SU-GG-T-239: Initial Experience of Patient Specific Rotational Quality Assurance for VMAT Using a Cylindrical Diodes Array Detector System. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|