Evaluation of an Innovative and Sustainable Pre-Commercial Compound as Replacement of Fish Meal in Diets for Rainbow Trout during Pre-Fattening Phase: Effects on Growth Performances, Haematological Parameters and Fillet Quality Traits

The aim of the study was to determine the potential and sustainable use of pre-commercial product ITTINSECT™ APS V1 as a major protein source in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diets. A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to potentially use ITTINSECT as fish meal replacement in the diets of rainbow trout. Five isonitrogenous in dry matter (38% crude protein) and isolipidic (15% crude lipid) diets were produced: a control diet (fishmeal-based) (ITT₀) and four experimental diets replacing fishmeal by 25 (ITT₂₅), 50 (ITT₅₀), 75 (ITT₇₅) and 100 (ITT₁₀₀) %, with ITTINSECT™ APS V1. Triplicate tanks, containing 15 fish each (65.81 ± 1.26 g), were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice every day during the experiment. At the end of the feeding trial, significantly higher growth performance was observed in the group fed ITTM₂₅ and ITTM₅₀ diets. This performance was supported by growth-related gene expressions analyzed in muscle; significantly higher GH and IGF-I genes expression levels were determined in ITT₂₅ and ITT₅₀ when compared to control (ITT₀) (p < 0.05). While no significant differences were found between the hematology values (p > 0.05), serum total protein, globulins and glucose levels were significantly different between experimental groups (p < 0.05). In addition to this, the immune-related genes such as TNF-α, IL8 and IL1-β expression levels were determined to be significantly different (p < 0.05). In conclusion, in order to achieve the best growth performance in rainbow trout and enhance sustainable aquaculture practices, replacement of fish meal with up to 50% ITTINSECT™ APS V1 in diets for rainbow trout is suggested.

Posterior leukoencephalopathy after combination chemotherapy in a patient with lymphoma

Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome is a recently described syndrome involving mainly parieto-occipital gray/white matter of the brain. It occurs secondary to various clinical entities, like hypertension and immunosuppressive therapy. Few cases after combination chemotherapy have been reported. This study describes a 36-year-old woman with primary refractory T-cell lymphoma, who developed central nervous system toxicity due to treatment with intrathecal methotrexate and intravenous ifosfamide, idarubicine and etoposide given as a salvage regimen. Both clinical features as well as magnetic resonance imaging findings were typical for posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. The patient died despite anti-hypertensive therapy and haemodialysis. Central nervous system toxicity related to chemotherapeutics and posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome are discussed briefly.

Chronic uterine inversion: preservation of the uterus--case report

Uterine inversion is a rare and dangerous complication of labor. Although it can be reconstructed successfully with prompt intervention in acute stages, surgical interventions are usually mandatory in sub-acute or chronic phases. In this report we present a case of chronic uterine inversion, that was successfully treated with abdominal surgery.

Hypereosinophilia and metastatic anaplastic carcinoma of unknown primary

The differential diagnosis of eosinophilia may sometimes be difficult. Eosinophilia may occur in a diverse array of conditions from parasitic infestations to malignacies. Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome has also been described. A 65-year-old male patient presenting with eosinophilia of obscure etiology is described in the present report. Three years after the diagnosis of eosinophilia, metastatic anaplastic carcinoma of unknown primary was detected. Differential diagnosis is disscussed briefly. It is stressed that patients with hypereosinophilia of unknown etiology must be screened for malignancy regularly during follow up.

Hypereosinophilia and metastatic anaplastic carcinoma of unknown primary

The differential diagnosis of eosinophilia may sometimes be difficult. Eosinophilia may occur in a diverse array of conditions from parasitic infestations to malignacies. Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome has also been described. A 65-year-old male patient presenting with eosinophilia of obscure etiology is described in the present report. Three years after the diagnosis of eosinophilia, metastatic anaplastic carcinoma of unknown primary was detected. Differential diagnosis is disscussed briefly. It is stressed that patients with hypereosinophilia of unknown etiology must be screened for malignancy regularly during follow up.

Treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas with ifosfamide and doxorubicin combination chemotherapy

Our objective was to assess the efficacy of a standard dose ifosfamide and doxorubicin containing regimen in the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas. Forty consecutive patients with a median age of 35.5 years were treated. Ifosfamide was administered at a dose of 2.5 g/m(2)/day as 72-hour continuous infusion with mesna at the same dosage and schedule. Doxorubicin was given at the dose of 60 mg/m(2)/day as 2-hour infusion on day 1. Six patients had a complete response (15%), and 9 (22.5%) had a partial response, fourteen patients (35%) stable disease, and 11 (27.5%) did not respond to chemotherapy. The median duration of response was 13 and 5 months for the complete and partial responders, respectively. The median survival was 37 months. Febrile neutropenia was encountered in 9 cases (22.5%). The present ifosfamide and doxorubicin combination is a moderately effective and well-tolerable regimen in the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas.

Intracranial meningiomas. Analysis of 344 surgically treated cases

The authors present 344 (230 females, 114 males) surgical cases of intracranial meningioma. A total of 370 interventions (344 primary procedures, 10 reexplorations for neurologic deterioration, 16 operations for recurrence) were made. Mean follow-up was 38 months. The overall evaluation revealed that 306 (88.95%) patients were completely normal or in a better condition than before operation. 18 (5.23%) were in a worse condition after operation and 20 (5.81%) died. Results suggested that complications and mortality were mostly related to localization and large volume; we also still have problems with aggressive and malignant meningiomas.

Maintenance therapy with alpha-interferon following first-line VAD in multiple myeloma

The aim of this study was to evaluate the response characteristics of vincristine, adriamycin and dexamethasone (VAD) as a first-line chemotherapy and to determine the efficacy of maintenance alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) in multiple myeloma (MM). Between January 1985 and December 1994, a prospective trial was performed in stage II and III MM patients. The study population received only VAD with no maintenance therapy before 1990 (n=31), and those recruited after 1990 (n=33) were planned to be maintained with alpha-IFN (5 mU, 3 times per wk) during the plateau to a maximum of 2 yr. Median follow-up duration (44 vs. 39 months), time to response (3.4 vs. 3.5 months) and rate of objective response (61.3%, 19/31 and 63.6%, 21/33) were similar in VAD-only and VAD+IFN groups, respectively. The survival analyses revealed higher median progression-free (39.6 vs. 12 months) and overall survival (65+ vs. 24 months) durations in VAD+IFN group compared to VAD-only group. VAD regimen was well tolerated and IFN-related side effects were reversible. These findings denote that IFN maintenance prolongs the duration of response obtained by VAD.

MRI findings and encouraging fluconazole treatment results of intracranial Cladosporium trichoides infection

The authors report on a 31-year-old male patient harboring multiple intracranial mass lesions which proved histologically to be due to infection with Cladosporium trichoides upon removal of one of the lesions. Aggressive antifungal chemotherapy with fluconazole (400 mg/d for 3 months) in combination with surgery resulted in good clinical and radiologic outcome which prompted us to report this case.

Orbito-ocular granulocytic sarcoma (OOGS) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) with duplication of Philadelphia chromosome

A 6-year-old Turkish boy with bilateral orbito-ocular granulocytic sarcoma and AML is described. Cytogenetic studies on peripheral blood disclosed an abnormal hyperdiploid population with a double Ph chromosome. Despite intensive chemotherapy, he achieved only partial remission. Repeated cytogenetic studies on bone marrow during relapse revealed the persistence of double Ph chromosome. The aggressive course and the short survival time of this patient, despite adequate chemo-radiotherapy, may be explained by the presence of the double Ph chromosome.

Spinal extradural metastasis from a medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma metastasising extraxially is a rare entity. The mechanisms that cause such spread are not fully understood. We present a patient who developed a low thoracic metastasis three years after surgical removal of a posterior fossa medulloblastoma. A spinal metastasis penetrated the dura, thus becoming extradural and from this tumour a completely extradural lumbal metastasis developed. Simultaneous local recurrences of systemic metastases were not noted.

Association of von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis and aqueduct stenosis

We present 6 patients with a definite diagnosis of von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. All of them had aqueductal stenosis and hydrocephalus requiring surgical intervention because of clinical signs of increased intracranial pressure confirmed by pressure measurements.

Tension pneumocephalus after transsphenoidal surgery: case report

The authors present a patient who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for a pituitary adenoma and afterward developed late, severe rhinorrhea and tension pneumocephalus. The patient was treated conservatively.

Intracerebral hemorrhage and hematoma in Behçet's disease: case report

The authors describe a patient with Behçet's disease who suffered from intracerebral hemorrhage 2 1/2 years after the initial diagnosis. There is strong evidence that this situation is not merely a coincidence; rather, these two abnormalities have a cause and effect relationship.

A simple technique to open the posterior wall of the third ventricle

Third ventriculostomy is an operating technique which is mostly used in benign adult aqueductal stenosis. The most important stage of this operation is the manipulation of the basal membrane of the third ventricle. A technique which facilitates the opening of the posterior wall of the third ventricle is presented.