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Bartlett AL, Wagner JE, Jones BV, Wells S, Sabulski A, Fuller C, Davies SM. Fanconi Anemia Neuroinflammatory Syndrome (FANS): Brain Lesions and Neurologic Injury in Fanconi Anemia. Blood Adv 2024:bloodadvances.2024012577. [PMID: 38522093 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2024012577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a complex inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by chromosomal instability and defective DNA repair causing sensitivity to DNA interstrand cross-linking agents. Our understanding of the full adult phenotype of the disease continues to evolve, as most patients with Fanconi Anemia died of marrow failure in the first decade of life prior to more recent advances in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Herein, we report a previously undescribed, clinically concerning, progressive neurologic syndrome in patients with FA. Nine non-immunosuppressed pediatric patients and young adults with FA presented with acute and chronic neurological signs and symptoms associated with distinct neuroradiological findings. Symptoms included, but were not limited to, limb weakness, papilledema, gait abnormalities, headaches, dysphagia, visual changes, and seizures. Brain imaging demonstrated a characteristic radiographic appearance of numerous cerebral and cerebellar lesions with associated calcifications and often a dominant ring enhancing lesion. Tissue from the dominant brain lesions in 4 patients showed non-specific atypical glial proliferation, and a small number of polyomavirus infected microglial cells identified by immunohistochemistry in 2 patients. Numerous interventions were pursued across this cohort, in general with no improvement. Overall, these patients demonstrated significant progressive neurologic decline. This cohort highlights the importance of recognizing Fanconi Anemia Neuroinflammatory Syndrome (FANS), which is distinct from malignancy and warrants careful ongoing evaluation by clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Bartlett
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - John E Wagner
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Blaise V Jones
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | | | - Anthony Sabulski
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | | | - Stella M Davies
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
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Bartlett AL, Zhang G, Wallace G, McLean S, Myers KC, Teusink-Cross A, Taggart C, Patel B, Davidson R, Davies SM, Jodele S. Optimized vitamin D repletion with oral thin film cholecalciferol in patients undergoing stem cell transplant. Blood Adv 2023; 7:4555-4562. [PMID: 37285801 PMCID: PMC10425684 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023009855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is common in childhood, pervasive before and after bone marrow transplant, and is associated with increased incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and decreased survival in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Numerous barriers impede replacement, including malabsorption secondary to gut GVHD, mucositis, inability to take capsules, kidney disease, liver disease, and infection; many patients remain refractory despite vitamin D therapy. We hypothesized that a different formulation of cholecalciferol, administered on the tongue as a readily dissolving oral thin film (OTF), would ease administration and facilitate therapeutic vitamin D levels (>35 ng/mL) in patients who are refractory. In this prospective pilot study, we evaluated 20 patients after HSCT (range, day +21 - day +428 at enrollment) with serum vitamin D levels ≤35 ng/mL. Cholecalciferol OTF strips were administered for 12 weeks. Dosing was based on patient body weight and titrated per individual pharmacokinetics. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test demonstrated marked improvement in all 20 patients who were formerly refractory, increasing from a median baseline vitamin D level of 29.2 ng/mL to 58 ng/mL at end of study (P < .0001). All patients demonstrated improvement in serum vitamin D level by week 4 on study, some of whom had been refractory for years prior. Median dose was 1 OTF strip (40 000 IU) per week. No toxicity was observed. This formulation proved to be safe, effective, efficient, and well received. We are eager to explore other patient populations, which might benefit from this promising development, and other therapeutics that might be optimized using this mode of delivery. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT04818957.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L. Bartlett
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Grace Zhang
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Gregory Wallace
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Stacie McLean
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kasiani C. Myers
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Ashley Teusink-Cross
- Department of Pharmacy, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Cynthia Taggart
- Department of Nutrition Therapy, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | | | - Stella M. Davies
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sonata Jodele
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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Bartlett AL, Lane A, Chaney B, Escorza NY, Black K, Cochrane A, Minturn J, Bartels U, Warren K, Hansford J, Ziegler D, Diez B, Goldman S, Packer R, Kieran M, DeWire-Schottmiller M, Erker C, Monje-Deisseroth M, Wagner L, Koschmann C, Dorris K, Shih CS, Hassall T, Samson Y, Fisher P, Wang SS, Tsui K, Sevlever G, Zhu X, Dexheimer P, Asher A, Fuller C, Drissi R, Jones B, Leach J, Fouladi M. Characteristics of children ≤36 months of age with DIPG: A report from the international DIPG registry. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:2190-2199. [PMID: 35552452 PMCID: PMC9713498 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children ≤36 months with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) have increased long-term survival (LTS, overall survival (OS) ≥24 months). Understanding distinguishing characteristics in this population is critical to improving outcomes. METHODS Patients ≤36 months at diagnosis enrolled on the International DIPG Registry (IDIPGR) with central imaging confirmation were included. Presentation, clinical course, imaging, pathology and molecular findings were analyzed. RESULTS Among 1183 patients in IDIPGR, 40 were eligible (median age: 29 months). Median OS was 15 months. Twelve patients (30%) were LTS, 3 (7.5%) very long-term survivors ≥5 years. Among 8 untreated patients, median OS was 2 months. Patients enrolled in the registry but excluded from our study by central radiology review or tissue diagnosis had median OS of 7 months. All but 1 LTS received radiation. Among 32 treated patients, 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 68.8%, 31.2%, 15.6% and 12.5%, respectively. LTS had longer duration of presenting symptoms (P = .018). No imaging features were predictive of outcome. Tissue and genomic data were available in 18 (45%) and 10 patients, respectively. Among 9 with known H3K27M status, 6 had a mutation. CONCLUSIONS Children ≤36 months demonstrated significantly more LTS, with an improved median OS of 15 months; 92% of LTS received radiation. Median OS in untreated children was 2 months, compared to 17 months for treated children. LTS had longer duration of symptoms. Excluded patients demonstrated a lower OS, contradicting the hypothesis that children ≤36 months with DIPG show improved outcomes due to misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Bartlett
- Corresponding Author: Allison Bartlett, MD, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 1107, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA ()
| | - Adam Lane
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Brooklyn Chaney
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nancy Yanez Escorza
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Katie Black
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Anne Cochrane
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA,University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jane Minturn
- Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,USA
| | - Ute Bartels
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology, University of Toronto and The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathy Warren
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute/Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jordan Hansford
- Children’s Cancer Centre, Royal Children’s Hospital; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Ziegler
- Children’s Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW and Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney’s Children Hospital, Randwick, Sydney NSW, Australia,School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Blanca Diez
- FLENI (Fundacion para Lucha contra las Enfermedes Neurologicas de Infantes), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stewart Goldman
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,USA
| | - Roger Packer
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mark Kieran
- Department of Pediatrics, Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mariko DeWire-Schottmiller
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Craig Erker
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University and IWK Health Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michelle Monje-Deisseroth
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Pediatrics, and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lars Wagner
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Kentucky Children’s Hospital, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kathleen Dorris
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Chie-Schin Shih
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Tim Hassall
- Queensland Children’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yvan Samson
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul Fisher
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Stacie S Wang
- Children’s Cancer Centre, Royal Children’s Hospital; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Tsui
- Starship Blood and Cancer Centre, Starship Children’s Health, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gustavo Sevlever
- FLENI (Fundacion para Lucha contra las Enfermedes Neurologicas de Infantes), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Xiaoting Zhu
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Phillip Dexheimer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Anthony Asher
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Christine Fuller
- Department of Pathology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Rachid Drissi
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Disorders, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Blaise Jones
- Division of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - James Leach
- Division of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Maryam Fouladi
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA,Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Program, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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