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Oosterbeek J, Stern M, Braune H, Ewert K, Hirsch M, Hollmann F, Laqua H, Marsen S, Meier A, Moseev D, Noke F, Reintrog A, Stange T, Wolf R. Microwave stray radiation losses in vacuum windows. Fusion Engineering and Design 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2022.113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Aiello G, Avramidis K, Gantenbein G, Jelonnek J, Jin J, Laqua H, Meier A, Scherer T, Strauss D, Thumm M. Design verification of the gyrotron diamond output window for the upgrade of the ECRH system at W7-X. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Meier A, McGree J, Klee R, Preuß J, Reiche D, de Laat M, Sillence M. The application of a new laminitis scoring method to model the rate and pattern of improvement from equine endocrinopathic laminitis in a clinical setting. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:16. [PMID: 33413384 PMCID: PMC7791853 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endocrinopathic, or hyperinsulinaemia-associated laminitis (HAL) is a common and debilitating equine foot disease, and although no pharmacological treatments are registered, several are under development. To evaluate the effect of such treatments, an accurate and consistent method is needed to track the clinical signs of laminitis over time, and the natural history of the disease, in terms of a ‘normal’ pattern of improvement, needs to be understood. This study examined the improvement pattern in clinical cases of naturally-occurring HAL subjected to a range of best-practice interventions, using two different scoring methods. Eighty horses and ponies with suspected HAL were enrolled in a study conducted at 16 veterinary practices across Germany. The severity of laminitis was assessed by independent veterinarians using both the traditional Obel method and a modified Obel method developed by Meier and colleagues. Assessments were made on the day of diagnosis (d 0), then on days 4, 9, 14, 25 and 42 during the intervention period. Pain medications were withheld for 24 h prior to clinical examination in all cases. Results Time to marked improvement from laminitis varied between individuals, but was difficult to monitor accurately using the Obel method, with the median grade being 2/4 on days 0 and 4, then 0/4 from d 9 onwards. More subtle changes could be identified using the Meier method, however, and the median scores were seen to follow the form of an exponential decay model in most horses, improving from 8/12 on d 0, to 0/12 on d 25. Within this composite scoring method, considerable variation was observed in the rate of improvement of individual clinical signs, with the average time taken for each sign to reach a median score of 0 ranging from 4 days (foot lift and weight shifting) to 25 days (gait when turned in a circle) across all 80 horses. Conclusions The Meier method provides a reliable and consistent method for monitoring the clinical status of horses with HAL, and despite the variability, the pattern of improvement described here should provide a useful benchmark against which individual cases and new treatments can be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meier
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Biology and Environmental Science, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - J McGree
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Biology and Environmental Science, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - R Klee
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - J Preuß
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - D Reiche
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - M de Laat
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Biology and Environmental Science, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - M Sillence
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Biology and Environmental Science, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia.
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Wardi G, White J, Joel I, Tolia V, Castillo E, Meier A, Tainter C, Hsia R, Brennan J. 181 Geriatric Sepsis Remains a Rapidly Rising Source of Health Care Utilization and Admissions. Ann Emerg Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.08.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Strauss D, Aiello G, Bertizzolo R, Bruschi A, Casal N, Chavan R, Farina D, Figini L, Gagliardi M, Goodman T, Grossetti G, Heemskerk C, Henderson M, Kasparek W, Koning J, Landis JD, Leichtle D, Meier A, Moro A, Nowak S, Pacheco J, Platania P, Plaum B, Poli E, Ramseyer F, Ronden D, Saibene G, Más-Sanchez A, Santos Silva P, Sauter O, Scherer T, Schreck S, Sozzi C, Spaeh P, Vagnoni M, Vaccaro A, Weinhorst B. Nearing final design of the ITER EC H&CD Upper Launcher. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Meier A, de Laat M, Reiche D, Fitzgerald D, Sillence M. The efficacy and safety of velagliflozin over 16 weeks as a treatment for insulin dysregulation in ponies. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:65. [PMID: 30808423 PMCID: PMC6390376 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A previous six-week (wk) study demonstrated the potential of the sodium-glucose linked transport inhibitor velagliflozin as a novel treatment for equine insulin dysregulation. The present study examined the safety and efficacy of velagliflozin over 16 wk. of treatment, and over 4 wk. of withdrawal. Twenty-four insulin dysregulated ponies were selected, based on their hyper-responsiveness to a diet challenge meal containing 3.8 g non-structural carbohydrates (NSC)/kg bodyweight (BW). Ponies with serum insulin > 90 μIU/mL either 2 or 4 h after feeding were enrolled, and randomly allocated to receive either velagliflozin (0.3 mg/kg BW orally once daily, n = 12), or a placebo (n = 10-12) for 16 wk. The subjects were fed 7.5 g NSC/kg BW/day to maintain a fat body condition. Safety was assessed through daily monitoring, veterinary examination, and the measurement of fasting blood glucose, biochemistry and haematology. Efficacy at reducing post-prandial hyperinsulinemia was assessed using a diet challenge every 8 wk. during treatment and 4 wk. after withdrawal. RESULTS Velagliflozin was well accepted by all subjects and caused no adverse effects or hypoglycaemia. Post-prandial serum insulin (insulin Cmax) did not change significantly in the control animals over the entire study period (P = 0.101). In contrast, insulin Cmax (mean ± SE) concentrations fell over time in the velagliflozin-treated group from 205 ± 25 μIU/mL in wk. 0, to 119 ± 19 μIU/mL (P = 0.015) and 117 ± 15 μIU/ml (P = 0.029) after 8 and 16 wk. of treatment, respectively. Although the insulin Cmax in this group was not significantly lower than in controls at wk-8 (P = 0.061), it was lower at wk-16 (P = 0.003), and all 12 treated ponies were below the previously-determined risk threshold for laminitis at this time. After 4 wk. withdrawal, the insulin Cmax returned to 199 ± 36 μIU/mL in the treated group, with no rebound effect. CONCLUSIONS Velagliflozin appears to be a promising and safe treatment for equine insulin dysregulation, bringing post-prandial insulin concentrations below the laminitis risk threshold, albeit without normalising them.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Meier
- Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences School, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland 4000 Australia
| | - M. de Laat
- Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences School, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland 4000 Australia
| | - D. Reiche
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, 55218 Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - D. Fitzgerald
- Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences School, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland 4000 Australia
| | - M. Sillence
- Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences School, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland 4000 Australia
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Boesch C, Bombjaková D, Meier A, Mundry R. Learning curves and teaching when acquiring nut-cracking in humans and chimpanzees. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1515. [PMID: 30728446 PMCID: PMC6365518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans are considered superior to other species in their tool using skills. However, most of our knowledge about animals comes from observations in artificial conditions with individuals removed from their natural environment. We present a first comparison of humans and chimpanzees spontaneously acquiring the same technique as they forage in their natural environment. We compared the acquisition of the Panda nut-cracking technique between Mbendjele foragers from the Republic of Congo and the Taï chimpanzees from Côte d'Ivoire. Both species initially acquire the technique slowly with similar kinds of mistakes, with years of practice required for the apprentice to become expert. Chimpanzees more rapidly acquired the technique when an apprentice, and reached adult efficiency earlier than humans. Adult efficiencies in both species did not differ significantly. Expert-apprentice interactions showed many similar instances of teaching in both species, with more variability in humans due, in part to their more complex technique. While in humans, teaching occurred both vertically and obliquely, only the former existed in chimpanzees. This comparison of the acquisition of a natural technique clarifies how the two species differed in their technical intelligence. Furthermore, our observations support the idea of teaching in both species being more frequent for difficult skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Boesch
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Daša Bombjaková
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, 14 Taviton Street, WC1H 0BW, London, UK
| | - Amelia Meier
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roger Mundry
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Tagg N, McCarthy M, Dieguez P, Bocksberger G, Willie J, Mundry R, Stewart F, Arandjelovic M, Widness J, Landsmann A, Agbor A, Angedakin S, Ayimisin AE, Bessone M, Brazzola G, Corogenes K, Deschner T, Dilambaka E, Eno-Nku M, Eshuis H, Goedmakers A, Granjon AC, Head J, Hermans V, Jones S, Kadam P, Kambi M, Langergraber KE, Lapeyre V, Lapuente J, Lee K, Leinert V, Maretti G, Marrocoli S, Meier A, Nicholl S, Normand E, Ormsby LJ, Piel A, Robinson O, Sommer V, Ter Heegde M, Tickle A, Ton E, van Schijndel J, Vanleeuwe H, Vergnes V, Wessling E, Wittig RM, Zuberbuehler K, Kuehl H, Boesch C. Nocturnal activity in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Evidence for flexible sleeping patterns and insights into human evolution. Am J Phys Anthropol 2018; 166:510-529. [PMID: 29989158 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated occurrences and patterns of terrestrial nocturnal activity in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and modelled the influence of various ecological predictors on nocturnal activity. METHODS Data were extracted from terrestrial camera-trap footage and ecological surveys from 22 chimpanzee study sites participating in the Pan African Programme: The Cultured Chimpanzee. We described videos demonstrating nocturnal activity, and we tested the effects of the percentage of forest, abundance of predators (lions, leopards and hyenas), abundance of large mammals (buffalos and elephants), average daily temperature, rainfall, human activity, and percent illumination on the probability of nocturnal activity. RESULTS We found terrestrial nocturnal activity to occur at 18 of the 22 study sites, at an overall average proportion of 1.80% of total chimpanzee activity, and to occur during all hours of the night, but more frequently during twilight hours. We found a higher probability of nocturnal activity with lower levels of human activity, higher average daily temperature, and at sites with a larger percentage of forest. We found no effect of the abundance of predators and large mammals, rainfall, or moon illumination. DISCUSSION Chimpanzee terrestrial nocturnal activity appears widespread yet infrequent, which suggests a consolidated sleeping pattern. Nocturnal activity may be driven by the stress of high daily temperatures and may be enabled at low levels of human activity. Human activity may exert a relatively greater influence on chimpanzee nocturnal behavior than predator presence. We suggest that chimpanzee nocturnal activity is flexible, enabling them to respond to changing environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Tagg
- Antwerp Zoo Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maureen McCarthy
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paula Dieguez
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Jacob Willie
- Antwerp Zoo Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Belgium
- Terrestrial Ecology Department, University of Gent, Belgium
| | - Roger Mundry
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fiona Stewart
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mimi Arandjelovic
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jane Widness
- Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anja Landsmann
- University Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anthony Agbor
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Samuel Angedakin
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Mattia Bessone
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gregory Brazzola
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Deschner
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Henk Eshuis
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Josephine Head
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Veerle Hermans
- Antwerp Zoo Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sorrel Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom
| | - Parag Kadam
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohamed Kambi
- Pennsylvania State University (USA), Tanzania Program, c/o Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Kilombero, Tanzania
| | - Kevin E Langergraber
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Vincent Lapeyre
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, Africa
| | - Juan Lapuente
- Comoé Chimpanzee Conservation Project, Comoé Research Station, Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg Tierökologie und Tropenbiologie (Zoologie III), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Lee
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vera Leinert
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Giovanna Maretti
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sergio Marrocoli
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Amelia Meier
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham
| | - Sonia Nicholl
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Lucy Jayne Ormsby
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alex Piel
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Orume Robinson
- Korup Rainforest Conservation Society, Mundemba, Cameroon, Africa
| | - Volker Sommer
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martijn Ter Heegde
- KfW Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Forest Management Program for GFA Consulting Group, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Africa
| | - Alexander Tickle
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Els Ton
- Chimbo Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Virginie Vergnes
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, Africa
| | - Erin Wessling
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roman M Wittig
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Taï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse des Recherche Scientifique, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, Africa
| | | | - Hjalmar Kuehl
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christophe Boesch
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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Meier A, Nekolla K, Earle S, Hewitt L, Aoyama T, Yoshikawa T, Schmidt G, Huss R, Grabsch H. End-to-end learning to predict survival in patients with gastric cancer using convolutional neural networks. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy269.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Funk A, Schäfgen B, Heil J, Harcos A, Gomez C, Stieber A, Junkermann H, Hennigs A, Rauch G, Sinn HP, Riedel F, Hug S, Meier A, Schott S, Rom J, Schütz F, Sohn C, Golatta M. Evaluation des Nutzens von intraoperativer Präparateradiografie zur Randbeurteilung bei brusterhaltender Therapie maligner Brusttumore. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Funk
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - B Schäfgen
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - J Heil
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - A Harcos
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - C Gomez
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - A Stieber
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - H Junkermann
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - A Hennigs
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - G Rauch
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Informatik, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - HP Sinn
- Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - F Riedel
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - S Hug
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - A Meier
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - S Schott
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - J Rom
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - F Schütz
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - C Sohn
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - M Golatta
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
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Poulsen JR, Koerner SE, Moore S, Medjibe VP, Blake S, Clark CJ, Akou ME, Fay M, Meier A, Okouyi J, Rosin C, White LJT. Poaching empties critical Central African wilderness of forest elephants. Curr Biol 2018; 27:R134-R135. [PMID: 28222286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Elephant populations are in peril everywhere, but forest elephants in Central Africa have sustained alarming losses in the last decade [1]. Large, remote protected areas are thought to best safeguard forest elephants by supporting large populations buffered from habitat fragmentation, edge effects and human pressures. One such area, the Minkébé National Park (MNP), Gabon, was created chiefly for its reputation of harboring a large elephant population. MNP held the highest densities of elephants in Central Africa at the turn of the century, and was considered a critical sanctuary for forest elephants because of its relatively large size and isolation. We assessed population change in the park and its surroundings between 2004 and 2014. Using two independent modeling approaches, we estimated a 78-81% decline in elephant numbers over ten years - a loss of more than 25,000 elephants. While poaching occurs from within Gabon, cross-border poaching largely drove the precipitous drop in elephant numbers. With nearly 50% of forest elephants in Central Africa thought to reside in Gabon [1], their loss from the park is a considerable setback for the preservation of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Poulsen
- Nicholas School of the Environment, P.O. Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie IV, B.P. 20379, Libreville, Gabon.
| | - Sally E Koerner
- Nicholas School of the Environment, P.O. Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Sarah Moore
- Nicholas School of the Environment, P.O. Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Vincent P Medjibe
- Nicholas School of the Environment, P.O. Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie IV, B.P. 20379, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Stephen Blake
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Schlossallee 2, D-78315 Radolfzell, Germany
| | - Connie J Clark
- Nicholas School of the Environment, P.O. Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie IV, B.P. 20379, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Mark Ella Akou
- World Wildlife Fund Central Africa Regional Programme Office, B.P. 6776, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Michael Fay
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie IV, B.P. 20379, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Amelia Meier
- Nicholas School of the Environment, P.O. Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Joseph Okouyi
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie IV, B.P. 20379, Libreville, Gabon; Institut de Recherche en Écologie Tropicale, BP. 13354, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Cooper Rosin
- Nicholas School of the Environment, P.O. Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Lee J T White
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie IV, B.P. 20379, Libreville, Gabon; Institut de Recherche en Écologie Tropicale, BP. 13354, Libreville, Gabon; African Forest Ecology Group, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
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Mills EC, Poulsen JR, Fay JM, Morkel P, Clark CJ, Meier A, Beirne C, White LJT. Forest elephant movement and habitat use in a tropical forest-grassland mosaic in Gabon. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199387. [PMID: 29995886 PMCID: PMC6040693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poaching of forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) for ivory has decimated their populations in Central Africa. Studying elephant movement can provide insight into habitat and resource use to reveal where, when, and why they move and guide conservation efforts. We fitted 17 forest elephants with global positioning system (GPS) collars in 2015 and 2016 in the tropical forest-grassland mosaic of the Wonga Wongué Presidential Reserve (WW), Gabon. Using the location data, we quantified movement distances, home ranges, and habitat use to examine the environmental drivers of elephant movements and predict where elephants occur spatially and temporally. Forest elephants, on average, traveled 2,840 km annually and had home ranges of 713 km2, with males covering significantly larger home ranges than females. Forest elephants demonstrated both daily and seasonal movement patterns. Daily, they moved between forest and grassland at dawn and dusk. Seasonally, they spent proportionally more time in grassland than forest during the short-wet season when grasses recruit. Forest elephants also traveled faster during the short-wet season when fruit availability was greatest, likely reflecting long, direct movements to preferred fruiting tree species. Forest elephants tended to select areas with high tree and shrub density that afford cover and browse. When villages occurred in their home ranges elephants spent a disproportionate amount of time near them, particularly in the dry season, probably for access to agricultural crops and preferred habitat. Given the importance of the grassland habitat for elephants, maintenance of the forest-grassland matrix is a conservation priority in WW. Law enforcement, outreach, and education should focus on areas of potential human-elephant conflict near villages along the borders of the reserve. GPS-tracking should be extended into multi-use areas in the peripheries of protected areas to evaluate the effects of human disturbance on elephant movements and to maintain connectivity among elephant populations in Gabon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Mills
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - John R. Poulsen
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - J. Michael Fay
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie IV, Libreville, Gabon
| | | | - Connie J. Clark
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Amelia Meier
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christopher Beirne
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lee J. T. White
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Batterie IV, Libreville, Gabon
- Institut de Recherche en Écologie Tropicale, Libreville, Gabon
- African Forest Ecology Group, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
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13
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Poulsen JR, Rosin C, Meier A, Mills E, Nuñez CL, Koerner SE, Blanchard E, Callejas J, Moore S, Sowers M. Ecological consequences of forest elephant declines for Afrotropical forests. Conserv Biol 2018; 32:559-567. [PMID: 29076179 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Poaching is rapidly extirpating African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) from most of their historical range, leaving vast areas of elephant-free tropical forest. Elephants are ecological engineers that create and maintain forest habitat; thus, their loss will have large consequences for the composition and structure of Afrotropical forests. Through a comprehensive literature review, we evaluated the roles of forest elephants in seed dispersal, nutrient recycling, and herbivory and physical damage to predict the cascading ecological effects of their population declines. Loss of seed dispersal by elephants will favor tree species dispersed abiotically and by smaller dispersal agents, and tree species composition will depend on the downstream effects of changes in elephant nutrient cycling and browsing. Loss of trampling and herbivory of seedlings and saplings will result in high tree density with release from browsing pressures. Diminished seed dispersal by elephants and high stem density are likely to reduce the recruitment of large trees and thus increase homogeneity of forest structure and decrease carbon stocks. The loss of ecological services by forest elephants likely means Central African forests will be more like Neotropical forests, from which megafauna were extirpated thousands of years ago. Without intervention, as much as 96% of Central African forests will have modified species composition and structure as elephants are compressed into remaining protected areas. Stopping elephant poaching is an urgent first step to mitigating these effects, but long-term conservation will require land-use planning that incorporates elephant habitat into forested landscapes that are being rapidly transformed by industrial agriculture and logging.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Poulsen
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
- University Program in Ecology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
| | - Cooper Rosin
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
| | - Amelia Meier
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
| | - Emily Mills
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
| | - Chase L Nuñez
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
- University Program in Ecology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
| | - Sally E Koerner
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, U.S.A
| | - Emily Blanchard
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
| | - Jennifer Callejas
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
| | - Sarah Moore
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
| | - Mark Sowers
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A
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Janssen S, Rades D, Meyer A, Fahlbusch FB, Wildfang I, Meier A, Schild S, Christiansen H, Henkenberens C. Local recurrence of breast cancer: conventionally fractionated partial external beam re-irradiation with curative intention. Strahlenther Onkol 2018; 194:806-814. [DOI: 10.1007/s00066-018-1315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Mazzocchi F, Schreck S, Strauss D, Aiello G, Meier A, Scherer T. Diamond windows diagnostics for fusion reactors—Updates of the design. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Wagner D, Stober J, Kircher M, Leuterer F, Monaco F, Münich M, Schubert M, Zohm H, Gantenbein G, Jelonnek J, Thumm M, Meier A, Scherer T, Strauss D, Kasparek W, Lechte C, Plaum B, Zach A, Litvak A, Denisov G, Chirkov A, Malygin V, Popov L, Nichiporenko V, Myasnikov V, Tai E, Solyanova E, Malygin S. Extension of the multi-frequency ECRH system at ASDEX upgrade. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201714903004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Danilov I, Heidinger R, Meier A, Piosczyk B, Schmid M, Späh P, Bongers W, Graswinckel M, Lamers B, Verhoeven AGA. High-Power Short-Pulse, Mechanical, and Thermohydraulic Tests of the Window Prototype for Remote Steering Launcher. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Danilov
- Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Association FZK-Euratom Institute for Materials Research I, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - R. Heidinger
- Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Association FZK-Euratom Institute for Materials Research I, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A. Meier
- Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Association FZK-Euratom Institute for Materials Research I, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - B. Piosczyk
- Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Association FZK-Euratom Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M. Schmid
- Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Association FZK-Euratom Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P. Späh
- Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Association FZK-Euratom Institute for Materials Research I, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - W. Bongers
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics “Rijnhuizen”, Association EURATOM-FOM Postbus 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. Graswinckel
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics “Rijnhuizen”, Association EURATOM-FOM Postbus 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - B. Lamers
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics “Rijnhuizen”, Association EURATOM-FOM Postbus 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - A. G. A. Verhoeven
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics “Rijnhuizen”, Association EURATOM-FOM Postbus 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
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18
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Boesch C, Bombjaková D, Boyette A, Meier A. Technical intelligence and culture: Nut cracking in humans and chimpanzees. Am J Phys Anthropol 2017; 163:339-355. [PMID: 28332189 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES According to the technical intelligence hypothesis, humans are superior to all other animal species in understanding and using tools. However, the vast majority of comparative studies between humans and chimpanzees, both proficient tool users, have not controlled for the effects of age, prior knowledge, past experience, rearing conditions, or differences in experimental procedures. We tested whether humans are superior to chimpanzees in selecting better tools, using them more dexteriously, achieving higher performance and gaining access to more resource as predicted under the technical intelligence hypothesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aka and Mbendjele hunter-gatherers in the rainforest of Central African Republic and the Republic of Congo, respectively, and Taï chimpanzees in the rainforest of Côte d'Ivoire were observed cracking hard Panda oleosa nuts with different tools, as well as the soft Coula edulis and Elaeis guinensis nuts. The nut-cracking techniques, hammer material selection and two efficiency measures were compared. RESULTS As predicted, the Aka and the Mbendjele were able to exploit more species of hard nuts in the forest than chimpanzees. However, the chimpanzees were sometimes more efficient than the humans. Social roles differed between the two species, with the Aka and especially the Mbendjele exhibiting cooperation between nut-crackers whereas the chimpanzees were mainly individualistic. DISCUSSION Observations of nut-cracking by humans and chimpanzees only partially supported the technical intelligence hypothesis as higher degrees of flexibility in tool selection seen in chimpanzees compensated for use of less efficient tool material than in humans. Nut cracking was a stronger social undertaking in humans than in chimpanzees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Boesch
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daša Bombjaková
- Department of Social Anthropology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Boyette
- Thompson writing program, University of Duke, Durham
| | - Amelia Meier
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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Martini K, Meier A, Higashigaito K, Saltybaeva N, Alkadhi H, Frauenfelder T. Prospective Randomized Comparison of High-pitch CT at 80 kVp Under Free Breathing with Standard-pitch CT at 100 kVp Under Breath-Hold for Detection of Pulmonary Embolism. Acad Radiol 2016; 23:1335-1341. [PMID: 27639625 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To prospectively compare high-pitch computed tomography (HPCT) under free breathing (FB) with standard-pitch CT (SPCT) under breath-hold (BH) for detection of pulmonary embolism (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred consecutive patients (47 females; mean age 58.7 ± 16.6) randomly underwent HPCT-FB (n = 50) or SPCT-BH (n = 50). Radiation doses were documented. One reader measured pulmonary artery attenuation and noise; mean signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated. Two readers assessed image quality, diagnostic confidence for detection of PE, motion artifacts, assessability of anatomical structures, and presence of transient interruption of contrast as sign of Valsalva maneuver. Inter-reader agreement was calculated. RESULTS Radiation dose was significantly lower in HPCT compared to SPCT (2.68 ± 0.60 mGy vs 6.01 ± 2.26 mGy; P < .001). Mean pulmonary artery attenuation and image noise were significantly higher in HPCT (attenuation: 479 Hounsfield unit (HU) vs 343HU; P < .001; noise: 16 HU vs 10 HU; P < .001) whereas SNR was similar between groups (34 HU vs 38 HU; P = .258). HPCT had significantly higher diagnostic confidence for PE detection (P = .048), less cardiac and breathing artifacts (P < .001), better assessability of anatomical structures, and fewer cases of transient interruption of contrast (P < .001) compared to the SPCT. CONCLUSIONS HPCT-FB allows for a significant reduction of breathing and motion artifacts compared to SPCT-BH. Diagnostic confidence, assessability of vascular and bronchial structures, as well as SNR are maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Martini
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - A Meier
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Higashigaito
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N Saltybaeva
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - H Alkadhi
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T Frauenfelder
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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20
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Meier A, Faulkner SD, Schoonderbeek C, Jong B, Kung J, Brindley D, Barker R. An assessment of implications of adaptive licensing for pharmaceutical intellectual property and regulatory exclusivity rights in the European Union. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:743-753. [PMID: 27626890 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
One of the key advantages of adaptive licensing (AL) is to align the licensing of new medicines more closely with patient needs for earlier access to beneficial treatments. From an innovators perspective, "earlier" market access may seem an obvious incentive to gain earlier revenue generation. However, this is offset with an "earlier" start to patent and regulatory protection periods, which, depending on the technology, disease, population, and timing of subsequent asset protection periods, can present a conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meier
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S D Faulkner
- Centre for Advancement for Sustainable Medical Innovation (CASMI), Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - B Jong
- Hoyng ROKH Monegier (HRM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Kung
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - D Brindley
- The Oxford - UCL Centre for the Advancement of Sustainable Medical Innovation (CASMI), The University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Said Business School, University of Oxford, Park End Street, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Centre for Behavioural Medicine, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,University of California - San Francisco, Stanford Center of Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation (CERSI), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - R Barker
- Centre for Advancement for Sustainable Medical Innovation (CASMI), Oxford, United Kingdom
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21
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Kühl HS, Kalan AK, Arandjelovic M, Aubert F, D’Auvergne L, Goedmakers A, Jones S, Kehoe L, Regnaut S, Tickle A, Ton E, van Schijndel J, Abwe EE, Angedakin S, Agbor A, Ayimisin EA, Bailey E, Bessone M, Bonnet M, Brazolla G, Buh VE, Chancellor R, Cipoletta C, Cohen H, Corogenes K, Coupland C, Curran B, Deschner T, Dierks K, Dieguez P, Dilambaka E, Diotoh O, Dowd D, Dunn A, Eshuis H, Fernandez R, Ginath Y, Hart J, Hedwig D, Ter Heegde M, Hicks TC, Imong I, Jeffery KJ, Junker J, Kadam P, Kambi M, Kienast I, Kujirakwinja D, Langergraber K, Lapeyre V, Lapuente J, Lee K, Leinert V, Meier A, Maretti G, Marrocoli S, Mbi TJ, Mihindou V, Moebius Y, Morgan D, Morgan B, Mulindahabi F, Murai M, Niyigabae P, Normand E, Ntare N, Ormsby LJ, Piel A, Pruetz J, Rundus A, Sanz C, Sommer V, Stewart F, Tagg N, Vanleeuwe H, Vergnes V, Willie J, Wittig RM, Zuberbuehler K, Boesch C. Chimpanzee accumulative stone throwing. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22219. [PMID: 26923684 PMCID: PMC4770594 DOI: 10.1038/srep22219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the archaeological remains of fossil hominins must rely on reconstructions to elucidate the behaviour that may have resulted in particular stone tools and their accumulation. Comparatively, stone tool use among living primates has illuminated behaviours that are also amenable to archaeological examination, permitting direct observations of the behaviour leading to artefacts and their assemblages to be incorporated. Here, we describe newly discovered stone tool-use behaviour and stone accumulation sites in wild chimpanzees reminiscent of human cairns. In addition to data from 17 mid- to long-term chimpanzee research sites, we sampled a further 34 Pan troglodytes communities. We found four populations in West Africa where chimpanzees habitually bang and throw rocks against trees, or toss them into tree cavities, resulting in conspicuous stone accumulations at these sites. This represents the first record of repeated observations of individual chimpanzees exhibiting stone tool use for a purpose other than extractive foraging at what appear to be targeted trees. The ritualized behavioural display and collection of artefacts at particular locations observed in chimpanzee accumulative stone throwing may have implications for the inferences that can be drawn from archaeological stone assemblages and the origins of ritual sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hjalmar S. Kühl
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Leipzig-Jena, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ammie K. Kalan
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mimi Arandjelovic
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Floris Aubert
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lucy D’Auvergne
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Sorrel Jones
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Kehoe
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastien Regnaut
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Tickle
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Els Ton
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Chimbo Foundation, Amstel 49, 1011 PW Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost van Schijndel
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Chimbo Foundation, Amstel 49, 1011 PW Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Samuel Angedakin
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anthony Agbor
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Ayuk Ayimisin
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Emma Bailey
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mattia Bessone
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthieu Bonnet
- The Aspinall Foundation, Port Lympne Wild Animal Park, Hythe, Kent, UK
| | - Gregory Brazolla
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Valentine Ebua Buh
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rebecca Chancellor
- West Chester University, Departments of Anthropology & Sociology and Psychology, West Chester, PA, USA
| | - Chloe Cipoletta
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Heather Cohen
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katherine Corogenes
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Charlotte Coupland
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bryan Curran
- The Aspinall Foundation, Port Lympne Wild Animal Park, Hythe, Kent, UK
| | - Tobias Deschner
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karsten Dierks
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paula Dieguez
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Dilambaka
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Orume Diotoh
- Korup Rainforest Conservation Society, c/o Korup National Park, P.O. Box 36 Mundemba, South West Region, Cameroon
| | - Dervla Dowd
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrew Dunn
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Henk Eshuis
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rumen Fernandez
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yisa Ginath
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - John Hart
- Lukuru Foundation, 1235 Avenue des Poids Lourds/Quartier de Kingabois, Kinshasa, DRC
| | - Daniela Hedwig
- The Aspinall Foundation, Port Lympne Wild Animal Park, Hythe, Kent, UK
| | | | - Thurston Cleveland Hicks
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Inaoyom Imong
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Kathryn J. Jeffery
- Agence National des Parcs Nationaux (ANPN) Batterie 4, BP20379, Libreville, Gabon
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
- Institute de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Jessica Junker
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Parag Kadam
- University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, UK CB2 3QG
| | - Mohamed Kambi
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivonne Kienast
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Deo Kujirakwinja
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | | | - Vincent Lapeyre
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juan Lapuente
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kevin Lee
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vera Leinert
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Amelia Meier
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Giovanna Maretti
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sergio Marrocoli
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tanyi Julius Mbi
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vianet Mihindou
- Agence National des Parcs Nationaux (ANPN) Batterie 4, BP20379, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Yasmin Moebius
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Morgan
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
- Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, 2001 North Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois 60614 USA
| | - Bethan Morgan
- Ebo Forest Research Project, BP3055, Messa, Cameroon
- Institute for Conservation Research, Zoological Society of San Diego, Escondido, CA 92025, USA
| | - Felix Mulindahabi
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Mizuki Murai
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Protais Niyigabae
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Emma Normand
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicolas Ntare
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Lucy Jayne Ormsby
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alex Piel
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Rm653 Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Jill Pruetz
- Iowa State University, Department of Anthropology, 324 Curtiss Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Aaron Rundus
- West Chester University, Department of Psychology, 700 S High St., West Chester, PA, 19382 USA
| | - Crickette Sanz
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
- Washington University Saint Louis, Department of Anthropology, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Volker Sommer
- University College London, Department of Anthropology, 14 Taviton Street, London WC1H 0BW, UK
| | - Fiona Stewart
- University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, UK CB2 3QG
| | - Nikki Tagg
- KMDA, Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Koningin Astridplein 20-26, B-2018 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hilde Vanleeuwe
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), 2300 Southern Boulevard. Bronx, New York 10460, USA
| | - Virginie Vergnes
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jacob Willie
- KMDA, Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Koningin Astridplein 20-26, B-2018 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Roman M. Wittig
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Taï Chimpanzee Project, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, BP 1301, Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Klaus Zuberbuehler
- Université de Neuchâtel, Institut de Biologie, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Boesch
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI EVAN), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF), Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Meier A, Wurnig M, Desbiolles L, Leschka S, Frauenfelder T, Alkadhi H. Advanced virtual monoenergetic images: improving the contrast of dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography. Clin Radiol 2015; 70:1244-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2015.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Meier A, Messmann H, Gölder SK. [Endoscopic management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding]. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2015; 110:515-20. [PMID: 26346681 DOI: 10.1007/s00063-015-0077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Endoscopic hemostasis is the daily challenge that must be mastered by gastroenterologists. An emergency colonoscopy is the procedure of choice for lower gastrointestinal bleeding because of the diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Colonoscopy should be performed after oral preparation with 4-6 l polyethylene glycol solution within 12 h. In the case of massive hematochezia, colonoscopy without oral preparation employinga mechanical pump is possible and is not associated with a higher rate of complications. Many different endoscopic techniques are available (injection therapy, hemoclips, thermal coagulation, topical hemostatic substances). The suitable and most effective method must be chosen depending on the source of bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meier
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 81656, Augsburg, Deutschland.
| | - H Messmann
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 81656, Augsburg, Deutschland
| | - S K Gölder
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 81656, Augsburg, Deutschland
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Forchuk C, Reiss JP, Mitchell B, Ewen S, Meier A. Homelessness and housing crises among individuals accessing services within a Canadian emergency department. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2015; 22:354-9. [PMID: 25990385 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY Studies have indicated that individuals who are homeless access hospital emergency departments more frequently and may have different needs than individuals who are housed. Successful interventions have been developed and tested to reduce discharge to homelessness for psychiatric inpatients but have not been similarly tested for discharge from emergency departments. This study was developed to provide baseline data on this issue to inform future emergency department interventions. Findings from the current study suggest that discharge from emergency departments to homelessness happens frequently in London, Canada. Participants are unlikely to spontaneously disclose their housing/homelessness issue when first entering the emergency department, which may result in services that do not adequately meet their complex needs. Screening for housing issues is necessary within emergency departments and psychiatric crisis teams as housing issues may be a reason for accessing care or contribute to the presenting condition. Nurses are in an ideal position to evaluate housing needs among emergency department patients. Services outside of the emergency department are also needed to address housing issues, particularly outside of regular office hours. ABSTRACT Individuals who have mental health issues and are homeless or in housing crisis have been found to access emergency departments more frequently than individuals with stable housing. While emergency departments primarily focus on medical issues, homeless individuals may require psychosocial support as well. This study examined issues around housing crises and emergency department use for individuals with mental illness in Canada. Collecting baseline data about these issues is important to inform subsequent interventions. Administrative data from a hospital emergency department and psychiatric crisis service were collected, and five individuals accessing the emergency department for psychiatric reasons were interviewed. Results indicated that individuals with an identified housing crisis accessed the emergency department 930 times in 6 months. None of the interview participants identified housing as the primary reason for accessing the emergency department, but all noted that housing was a contributing stressor. Future research is needed to examine ways in which discharge to homelessness from emergency departments can be avoided and identify alternative services to address housing concerns, particularly for individuals with mental illness. Crisis service and emergency department staff, especially nurses, can play an important role in screening for housing issues and connecting individuals to outside services.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Forchuk
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University.,Lawson Health Research Institute
| | - J P Reiss
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University.,Mental Health Care Program
| | | | - S Ewen
- Emergency Department, London Health Sciences Centre
| | - A Meier
- Lawson Health Research Institute
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Krombholz CF, Meier A, Fluhr S, Niemeyer CM, Erlacher M, Flotho C. Stability of DNA methylation signatures in a long-term murine xenograft system of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Klin Padiatr 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rathmayer M, Scheffer H, Braun M, Heinlein W, Akoglu B, Brechmann T, Gölder SK, Lankisch T, Messmann H, Schneider A, Wagner M, Fleßa S, Meier A, Lewerenz B, Gossner L, Faiss S, Toermer T, Werner T, Wilke MH, Lerch MM, Schepp W. [Improvement of cost allocation in gastroenterology by introduction of a novel service catalogue covering the complete spectrum of endoscopic procedures]. Z Gastroenterol 2015; 53:183-98. [PMID: 25775168 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1399199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The German hospital reimbursement system (G-DRG) is incomplete for endoscopic interventions and fails to differentiate between complex and simple procedures. This is caused by outdated methods of personnel-cost allocation. METHODS To establish an up-to-date service catalogue 50 hospitals made their anonymized expense-budget data available to the German-Society-of-Gastroenterology (DGVS). 2.499.900 patient-datasets (2011-2013) were used to classify operation-and-procedure codes (OPS) into procedure-tiers (e.g. colonoscopy with biopsy/colonoscopy with stent-insertion). An expert panel ranked these tiers according to complexity and assigned estimates of physician time. From June to November 2014 exact time tracking data for a total 38.288 individual procedures were collected in 119 hospitals to validate this service catalogue. RESULTS In this three-step process a catalogue of 97 procedure-tiers was established that covers 99% of endoscopic interventions performed in German hospitals and assigned validated mean personnel-costs using gastroscopy as standard. Previously, diagnostic colonoscopy had a relative personnel-cost value of 1.13 (compared to gastroscopy 1.0) and rose to 2.16, whereas diagnostic ERCP increased from 1.7 to 3.62, more appropriately reflecting complexity. Complex procedures previously not catalogued were now included (e.g. gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: 16.74). DISCUSSION This novel service catalogue for GI-endoscopy almost completely covers all endoscopic procedures performed in German hospitals and assigns relative personnel-cost values based on actual physician time logs. It is to be included in the national coding recommendation and should replace all prior inventories for cost distribution. The catalogue will contribute to a more objective cost allocation and hospital reimbursement - at least until time tracking for endoscopy becomes mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Braun
- Dr. Martin Braun GmbH, Mannheim
| | | | - B Akoglu
- Asklepios Klinik Langen, Medizinische Klinik 2, Gastroenterologie-Hepatologie-Pneumologie
| | - T Brechmann
- Berufsgenossenschaftliche Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil Bochum
| | - S K Gölder
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg
| | - T Lankisch
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Endokrinologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - H Messmann
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg
| | - A Schneider
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Gastroenterologische Onkologie, Städt. Klinikum München - Klinikum Bogenhausen
| | - M Wagner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universität Ulm, Ulm
| | - S Fleßa
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Betriebswirtschaftslehre und Gesundheitsmanagement, Universität Greifswald
| | - A Meier
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg
| | - B Lewerenz
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Gastroenterologische Onkologie, Städt. Klinikum München - Klinikum Bogenhausen
| | - L Gossner
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Medizinische Klinik II, Schwerpunkt Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Diabetologie
| | - S Faiss
- Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Gastroenterologie & Interventionelle Endoskopie
| | | | - T Werner
- Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH, Mönchengladbach
| | | | - M M Lerch
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin A, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
| | - W Schepp
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Gastroenterologische Onkologie, Städt. Klinikum München - Klinikum Bogenhausen
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Albajar F, Aiello G, Alberti S, Arnold F, Avramidis K, Bader M, Batista R, Bertizzolo R, Bonicelli T, Braunmueller F, Brescan C, Bruschi A, von Burg B, Camino K, Carannante G, Casarin V, Castillo A, Cauvard F, Cavalieri C, Cavinato M, Chavan R, Chelis J, Cismondi F, Combescure D, Darbos C, Farina D, Fasel D, Figini L, Gagliardi M, Gandini F, Gantenbein G, Gassmann T, Gessner R, Goodman T, Gracia V, Grossetti G, Heemskerk C, Henderson M, Hermann V, Hogge J, Illy S, Ioannidis Z, Jelonnek J, Jin J, Kasparek W, Koning J, Krause A, Landis J, Latsas G, Li F, Mazzocchi F, Meier A, Moro A, Nousiainen R, Purohit D, Nowak S, Omori T, van Oosterhout J, Pacheco J, Pagonakis I, Platania P, Poli E, Preis A, Ronden D, Rozier Y, Rzesnicki T, Saibene G, Sanchez F, Sartori F, Sauter O, Scherer T, Schlatter C, Schreck S, Serikov A, Siravo U, Sozzi C, Spaeh P, Spichiger A, Strauss D, Takahashi K, Thumm M, Tigelis I, Vaccaro A, Vomvoridis J, Tran M, Weinhorst B. Status of Europe’s contribution to the ITER EC system. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158704004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Stober J, Sommer F, Angioni C, Bock A, Fable E, Leuterer F, Monaco F, Müller F, Münich S, Petzold B, Poli E, Schubert M, Schütz H, Wagner D, Zohm H, Kasparek W, Plaum B, Meier A, Scherer T, Strauß D, Jelonnek J, Thumm M, Litvak A, Denisov G, Chirkov A, Tai E, Popov L, Nichiporenko V, Myasnikov V, Soluyanova E, Malygin V. High power ECRH and ECCD in moderately collisional ASDEX Upgrade Hmodes and status of EC system upgrade. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158702004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rojas S, Avsar M, Hanke J, Deniz E, Meier A, Tümler K, Martens A, Cebotari S, Haverich A, Schmitto J. Minimally Invasive LVAD Surgery in Septuagenarians. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mazzocchi F, Aiello G, Meier A, Schreck S, Spaeh P, Strauss D, Scherer T. Diamond Window Diagnostics for Nuclear Fusion Applications – Early Concepts. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158704007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hofer D, Meier A, Sener B, Guggenheim B, Attin T, Schmidlin PR. In vitro evaluation of a novel biofilm remover. Int J Dent Hyg 2014; 13:246-53. [PMID: 25421848 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate a novel device for its efficacy in removing experimental biofilm from root surfaces and its potential for concomitantly removing/roughening the surface substance. METHODS AND MATERIALS A novel acrylic rotary device (biofilm remover, BR) was tested in vitro in three experiments: surface loss, surface roughness [positive controls: Perioset (PS) and Proxoshape (PR)] and biofilm removal [positive controls: ultrasonic (US) and PS]. Surface loss/surface roughness was evaluated for dentin samples instrumented for three 20 s periods. The calcium removed during instrumentation was analysed after each interval and cumulatively, using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Surface roughness was measured using profilometric analysis. Biofilm removal was evaluated on dentin specimens coated with a 64.5 h 6-species in vitro formed biofilm, after one 20 s treatment. Surface loss was analysed using anova with Scheffé post hoc test, and surface roughness/biofilm removal was analysed using Mann-Whitney test (all P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS Significantly less substance loss [μg (± 1 SD)] was observed with the novel device at all time points, both interval and cumulative (1.0 (± 0.5) versus 9.3 (± 3.2) PS and 9.9 (± 1.9) PR at 60 s). Surface roughness [μm (95% CI)] was significantly lower for BR than for PS and PR [0.00 (-0.01, 0.08) 0.20 (0.16, 0.27) and 0.21 (0.19, 0.24) at 60 s]. Significantly less biofilm bacteria remained after treatment with both BR 4.5 (-0.1, 16.2) and US 1.9 (-0.2, 14.3), compared to PS 52 (27.9, 82.1). CONCLUSIONS The novel biofilm remover was less damaging to dentin surfaces, while removing biofilm at least as effectively as devices used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hofer
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Meier
- Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Sener
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Guggenheim
- Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Attin
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P R Schmidlin
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Aiello G, Vaccaro A, Combescure D, Gessner R, Grossetti G, Meier A, Saibene G, Scherer T, Schreck S, Spaeh P, Strauss D. The ITER EC H&CD Upper Launcher: Seismic analysis. Fusion Engineering and Design 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Strauss D, Aiello G, Bruschi A, Chavan R, Farina D, Figini L, Gagliardi M, Garcia V, Goodman T, Grossetti G, Heemskerk C, Henderson M, Kasparek W, Krause A, Landis JD, Meier A, Moro A, Platania P, Plaum B, Poli E, Ronden D, Saibene G, Sanchez F, Sauter O, Scherer T, Schreck S, Serikov A, Sozzi C, Spaeh P, Vaccaro A, Weinhorst B. Progress of the ECRH Upper Launcher design for ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Grossetti G, Aiello G, Chavan R, Geßner R, Goodman T, Heemskerk C, Meier A, Ronden D, Scherer T, Späh P, Schreck S, Strauß D, Vaccaro A, Van Oosterhout J. ITER ECH&CD Upper Launcher: Design options and Remote Handling issues of the waveguide assembly. Fusion Engineering and Design 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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35
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Niedan S, Kauer M, Aryee DNT, Kofler R, Schwentner R, Meier A, Pötschger U, Kontny U, Kovar H. Suppression of FOXO1 is responsible for a growth regulatory repressive transcriptional sub-signature of EWS-FLI1 in Ewing sarcoma. Oncogene 2014; 33:3927-38. [PMID: 23995784 PMCID: PMC4114138 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Ewing sarcoma (ES) EWS-FLI1 chimeric oncoprotein is a prototypic aberrant ETS transcription factor with activating and repressive regulatory functions. We report that EWS-FLI1-repressed promoters are enriched in forkhead box (FOX) recognition motifs, and identify FOXO1 as a EWS-FLI1-suppressed regulator orchestrating a major subset of EWS-FLI1-repressed genes. In addition to FOXO1 regulation by direct promoter binding of EWS-FLI1, its subcellular localization and activity is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase 2- and AKT-mediated phosphorylation downstream of EWS-FLI1. Restoration of nuclear FOXO1 expression in ES cells impaired proliferation and significantly reduced clonogenicity. Gene-expression profiling revealed a significant overlap between EWS-FLI1-repressed and FOXO1-activated genes. As a proof of principle for a potential therapeutic application of our findings, the treatment of ES cell lines with methylseleninic acid (MSA) reactivated endogenous FOXO1 in the presence of EWS-FLI1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced massive cell death dependent on FOXO1. In an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, MSA increased FOXO1 expression in the tumor paralleled by a significant decrease in ES tumor growth. FOXO1 reactivation by small molecules may therefore serve as a promising strategy for a future ES-specific therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Bone Neoplasms/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Consensus Sequence
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2/metabolism
- Forkhead Box Protein O1
- Forkhead Box Protein O3
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Silencing
- Humans
- Mice
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Organoselenium Compounds/pharmacology
- Phosphorylation
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Protein Transport
- Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/genetics
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Ewing/drug therapy
- Sarcoma, Ewing/genetics
- Sarcoma, Ewing/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niedan
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Kauer
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | - D N T Aryee
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Kofler
- Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Schwentner
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Meier
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - U Pötschger
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Kontny
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Kovar
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University, Vienna, Austria
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Krombholz CF, Aumann K, Bertele D, Meier A, Niemeyer CM, Flotho C, Erlacher M. Rag2null/γcnull mice are suitable for long-term in vivo propagation of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Klin Padiatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Fluhr S, Meier A, Krombholz CF, Niemeyer CM, Flotho C. Epigenetic changes accompany altered hemoglobin regulation in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Klin Padiatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Meier A, Krause V, Pollok B. Early motor memory consolidation: Effects of 10 Hz and 20 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) over the left primary motor cortex (M1). KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Thijssen A, Meier A, Panis K, Ombelet W. 'Fertility Awareness-Based Methods' and subfertility: a systematic review. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2014; 6:113-23. [PMID: 25374654 PMCID: PMC4216977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertility awareness based methods (FABMs) can be used to ameliorate the likelihood to conceive. A literature search was performed to evaluate the relationship of cervical mucus monitoring (CMM) and the day-specific -pregnancy rate, in case of subfertility. A MEDLINE search revealed a total of 3331 articles. After excluding articles based on their relevance, 10 studies and were selected. The observed studies demonstrated that the cervical mucus monitoring (CMM) can identify the days with the highest pregnancy rate. According to the literature, the quality of the vaginal discharge correlates well with the cycle-specific probability of pregnancy in normally fertile couples but less in subfertile couples. The results indicate an urgent need for more prospective randomised trials and -prospective cohort studies on CMM in a subfertile population to evaluate the effectiveness of CMM in the subfertile couple.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Thijssen
- Genk Institute for Fertility Technology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Schiepse Bos 6, 3600 Genk, Belgium.
,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - A. Meier
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - K. Panis
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - W. Ombelet
- Genk Institute for Fertility Technology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Schiepse Bos 6, 3600 Genk, Belgium.
,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
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Strauss D, Aiello G, Chavan R, Cirant S, deBaar M, Farina D, Gantenbein G, Goodman T, Henderson M, Kasparek W, Kleefeldt K, Landis JD, Meier A, Moro A, Platania P, Plaum B, Poli E, Ramponi G, Ronden D, Saibene G, Sanchez F, Sauter O, Scherer T, Schreck S, Serikov A, Sozzi C, Spaeh P, Vaccaro A, Zohm H. Preliminary design of the ITER ECH Upper Launcher. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vaccaro A, Aiello G, Grossetti G, Meier A, Scherer T, Schreck S, Späh P, Strauß D, Saibene G, Cavinato M. The ITER EC H&CD upper launcher: EM disruption analyses. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Meier A, Duerschmied D, Von Elverfeldt D, Heidt T, Peter K, Bode C, Von Zur Muhlen C. Simultaneous molecular imaging of activated platelets and myocardial necrosis allows in vivo evaluation of ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nyrow A, Sternemann C, Sahle CJ, Hohl A, Zschintzsch-Dias M, Schwamberger A, Mende K, Brinkmann I, Moretti Sala M, Wagner R, Meier A, Völklein F, Tolan M. Structural changes in amorphous Ge(x)SiO(y) on the way to nanocrystal formation. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:165701. [PMID: 23535465 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/16/165701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Temperature induced changes of the local chemical structure of bulk amorphous GexSiOy are studied by Ge K-edge x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy and Si L2/3-edge x-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy. Different processes are revealed which lead to formation of Ge regions embedded in a Si oxide matrix due to different initial structures of as-prepared samples, depending on their Ge/Si/O ratio and temperature treatment, eventually resulting in the occurrence of nanocrystals. Here, disproportionation of GeOx and SiOx regions and/or reduction of Ge oxides by pure Si or by a surrounding Si sub-oxide matrix can be employed to tune the size of Ge nanocrystals along with the chemical composition of the embedding matrix. This is important for the optimization of the electronic and luminescent properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nyrow
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, D-44221, Germany.
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Abstract
Small strongyles (cyathostomes) that are resistant against anthelmintics have become a major problem in equine medicine in the recent years. In many European countries benzimidazole-resistant cyathostomes are widespread and are now present in well over 50% of equine populations investigated. In contrast, resistance against ivermectin has not been reported despite its widespread use in the recent years. Optimising the frequency of treatments based on quantitative faecal monitoring is of great importance to preserve remaining anthelmintic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meier
- Institut für Parasitologie der Universität Zürich
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Abstract
The occurrence of anthelmintic resistance in strongyles was investigated in 440 horses on 90 farms in Switzerland. The egg hatch assay suggested that benzimidazole (BZ)-resistance was present in 40 of 82 farms (49%). Faecal egg count reduction after pyrantel-treatment was above 96% in 14 of 15 farms. In the remaining farm the efficacy was only 80%. Ivermectin efficacy was investigated on 5 farms and the efficacy was recorded at 98-100%. Faecal cultures undertaken after treatment revealed almost exclusively larvae of the family Cyathostominae. Data about management practices, pasture hygiene and anthelmintic usage were obtained with a questionnaire. Horses were treated on average 3.5 times per year. In 75% of the farms BZ were a component of the seasonal treatment schedule. Only the use of BZ had a significant correlation with the presence of BZ-resistance (P < 0.01). Recommendations for the control of equine strongyles should include measures that minimize the risk of resistance developing against remaining effective anthelmintics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meier
- Institut für Parasitologie der Universität Zürich
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Stober J, Bock A, Höhnle H, Reich M, Sommer F, Treutterer W, Wagner D, Gianone L, Herrmann A, Leuterer F, Monaco F, Marascheck M, Mlynek A, Müller S, Münich M, Poli E, Schubert M, Schütz H, Zohm H, Kasparek W, Stroth U, Meier A, Scherer T, Strauβ D, Vaccaro A, Flamm J, Thumm M, Litvak A, Denisov G, Chirkov A, Tai E, Popov L, Nichiporenko V, Myasnikov V, Soluyanova E, Malygin S. ECRH on ASDEX Upgrade - System Status, Feed-Back Control, Plasma Physics Results -. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123202011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Aiello G, Grossetti G, Meier A, Scherer T, Schreck S, Spaeh P, Strauss D, Vaccaro A. CVD diamond Brewster window: feasibility study by FEM analyses. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123204014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Paust R, Fleischer J, Spoden C, Krämer-Paust R, Boeger A, Bierwirth R, Koberg B, Meier A, Reuber-Menze E, Tillenburg B, Trocha A, Wilimzig P. Zusammenhänge zwischen Kohärenzgefühl, Bewältigungsressourcen zur Krankheitsverarbeitung und diabetesbezogenen Belastungen bei Patienten mit Typ 1 Diabetes. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Aiello G, Meier A, Scherer T, Schreck S, Spaeh P, Strauss D, Vaccaro A. Outgassing measurements for the ITER EC H&CD Upper Launcher. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.01.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Spaeh P, Aiello G, de Baar M, Chavan R, Elzendoorn B, Goodman T, Henderson M, Kleefeldt K, Landis J, Meier A, Ronden D, Saibene G, Scherer T, Schreck S, Serikov A, Strauss D, Vaccaro A. The ITER EC H&CD upper launcher: Structural design. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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