Are they high on steroids? Tailored interventions help improve screening for steroid-induced hyperglycaemia in hospitalised patients

Steroid-induced hyperglycaemia (SIH) is a common adverse effect in patients both with and without diabetes. This project aimed to improve the screening and diagnosis of SIH by improving the knowledge of healthcare professionals who contribute to the management of SIH in hospitalised patients. Monitoring and diagnosis of SIH were measured in areas of high steroid use in our hospital from May 2016 to January 2017. Several interventions were implemented to improve knowledge and screening for SIH including a staff education programme for nurses, healthcare assistants and doctors. The Trust guidelines for SIH management were updated based on feedback from staff. The changes to the guideline included shortening the document from 14 to 4 pages, incorporating a flowchart summarising the management of SIH and publishing the guideline on the Trust intranet. A questionnaire based on the recommendations of the Joint British Diabetes Societies for SIH was used to assess the change in knowledge pre-intervention and post-intervention. Results showed an increase in junior doctors’ knowledge of this topic. Although there was an initial improvement in screening for SIH, this returned to near baseline by the end of the study. This study highlights that screening for SIH can be improved by increasing the knowledge of healthcare staff. However, there is a need for ongoing interventions to sustain this change.

Regular and frequent feedback of specific clinical criteria delivers a sustained improvement in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis

Efficient management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) improves outcomes and reduces length of stay. While clinical audit improves the management of DKA, significant and sustained improvement is often difficult to achieve. We aimed to improve the management of DKA in our trust through the implementation of quality improvement methodology. Five specific targets (primary drivers: fluid prescription, fixed rate intravenous insulin infusion, glucose measurement, ketone measurement and specialist referral) were selected following a baseline audit. Interventions (secondary drivers) were developed to improve these targets and included monthly feedback to departments of emergency medicine, acute medicine, and diabetes. Following our intervention, the mean average duration of DKA reduced from 22.0 hours to 10.2 hours. We demonstrate that regular audit cycles with interventions introduced through the plan-do-study-act model is an effective way to improve the management of DKA.