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Huizing M, Anikster Y, Fitzpatrick DL, Jeong AB, D’Souza M, Rausche M, Toro JR, Kaiser-Kupfer MI, White JG, Gahl WA. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 3 in Ashkenazi Jews and other non-Puerto Rican patients with hypopigmentation and platelet storage-pool deficiency. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69:1022-32. [PMID: 11590544 PMCID: PMC1274349 DOI: 10.1086/324168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2001] [Accepted: 08/27/2001] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), consisting of oculocutaneous albinism and a bleeding diathesis due to the absence of platelet dense granules, displays extensive locus heterogeneity. HPS1 mutations cause HPS-1 disease, and ADTB3A mutations cause HPS-2 disease, which is known to involve abnormal intracellular vesicle formation. A third HPS-causing gene, HPS3, was recently identified on the basis of homozygosity mapping of a genetic isolate of HPS in central Puerto Rico. We now describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of eight patients with HPS-3 who are of non-Puerto Rican heritage. Five are Ashkenazi Jews; three of these are homozygous for a 1303+1G-->A splice-site mutation that causes skipping of exon 5, deleting an RsaI restriction site and decreasing the amounts of mRNA found on northern blotting. The other two are heterozygous for the 1303+1G-->A mutation and for either an 1831+2T-->G or a 2621-2A-->G splicing mutation. Of 235 anonymous Ashkenazi Jewish DNA samples, one was heterozygous for the 1303+1G-->A mutation. One seven-year-old boy of German/Swiss extraction was compound heterozygous for a 2729+1G-->C mutation, causing skipping of exon 14, and resulting in a C1329T missense (R396W), with decreased mRNA production. A 15-year-old Irish/English boy was heterozygous for an 89-bp insertion between exons 16 and 17 resulting from abnormal splicing; his fibroblast HPS3 mRNA is normal in amount but is increased in size. A 12-year-old girl of Puerto Rican and Italian background has the 3,904-bp founder deletion from central Puerto Rico on one allele. All eight patients have mild symptoms of HPS; two Jewish patients had received the diagnosis of ocular, rather than oculocutaneous, albinism. These findings expand the molecular diagnosis of HPS, provide a screening method for a mutation common among Jews, and suggest that other patients with mild hypopigmentation and decreased vision should be examined for HPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Huizing
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Yair Anikster
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Diana L. Fitzpatrick
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Anna B. Jeong
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Maria D’Souza
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Melanie Rausche
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Jorge R. Toro
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Muriel I. Kaiser-Kupfer
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - James G. White
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Heritable Disorders Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Ophthalmic Genetics and Clinical Services Branch, National Eye Institute, and Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
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