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Niewiadomski W, Gąsiorowska A, Żyliński M, Karbowniczek A, Cebrat J, Stępniewska A. Exaggerated pressor response to static squats in Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy subjects is likely an individual trait, not influenced by whole body vibration (WBV). NeuroRehabilitation 2023; 52:289-298. [PMID: 36641689 PMCID: PMC9986697 DOI: 10.3233/nre-220234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced muscle strength is one symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Strength can be increased by strength training, which may cause exaggerated blood pressure (BP) rise. It is believed that exercises performed on vibrating platform can strengthen leg muscles without excessive BP increase. OBJECTIVE To measure the pressor response to static exercises performed during whole body vibration in PD patients. METHODS Twenty-four aged PD patients and twelve healthy young volunteers participated in the study. PD subjects performed six repetitions of deep-, semi-squat, and calves at vibration frequency of 30 Hz. Each 30 s exercise was followed by 30 s rest. The young volunteers performed two sessions of above-mentioned exercises with and without vibration. BP was measured continuously. RESULTS In PD patients, the highest BP values were observed during deep squat; systolic blood pressure rose 10 mmHg in 'weak responders', and 50 mmHg in 'strong responders'. This difference correlated with the rise in pulse pressure suggesting indirectly the role of stoke volume in individual response. In healthy subjects pressor response was also individually differentiated and not influenced by vibration. CONCLUSION Deep and semi squat can evoke a strong cardiovascular response in some PD and healthy subjects. Low-magnitude vibrations likely did not affect pressor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gąsiorowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Żyliński
- Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechatronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Justyna Cebrat
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Stępniewska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Żyliński M, Niewiadomski W, Cybulski G, Gąsiorowska A. Device for Controlling Stimulus Self-Application During Autonomic Nervous System Tests. Med Devices (Auckl) 2021; 14:165-172. [PMID: 34104008 PMCID: PMC8179790 DOI: 10.2147/mder.s300384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning may be performed non-invasively using autonomic tests which are based on evaluation of response of cardiovascular system to the applied stimuli, such as increased air pressure during Valsalva maneuver, skeletal muscle contraction during static handgrip or deep slow breathing. The cardiovascular response depends, besides ANS reaction and test protocol, also on the way stimulus is self-applied by the test subject. We present a versatile device for controlling stimulus self-application during three ANS tests: Valsalva maneuver, static handgrip, and deep breathing. It integrates two different gauges and a pace setter for breathing into one device. The core of the device is a linear LED display which, using green, yellow, and red diodes, informs the subject about the correctness of self-application of respective stimulus. The settings of the device can be adjusted to the needs of the protocol chosen. The device can record the duration of mouth air pressure or the force produced by the subject during ANS tests, which assures correctness of the tests, thus allowing to track individual variability changes in the response to the test. The device was verified during ANS tests and its use was intuitive for patients, reducing the time needed for training before tests and decreasing the effort of the physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Żyliński
- Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechatronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gerard Cybulski
- Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechatronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gąsiorowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Stępniewska A, Budnik M, Krzemiński K, Niewiadomski W, Gąsiorowska A, Opolski G, Kochanowski J, Mieczkowska K, Żukowska K, Szepietowska K, Kowalik R. Impaired hemodynamic response to tilt, handgrip and Valsalva manoeuvre in patients with takotsubo syndrome. Auton Neurosci 2019; 220:102555. [PMID: 31331695 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2019.102555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long-term β-adrenolytics treatment in takotsubo syndrome (TTS) patients is based on the premise, that TTS is strongly associated with sympathetic nervous system overactivity. The aim of the study was to establish hemodynamic response to tilt, handgrip and Valsalva manoeuvre in patients with takotsubo syndrome compared to healthy subjects (CONTROL) and patients after ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). MATERIAL AND METHOD Echocardiographic examination was performed at rest, ECG and continuously non-invasively measured arterial blood pressure were used for evaluation of hemodynamic responses to Valsalva manoeuvre, static handgrip (HG) followed by post-exercise ischemia, and tilt. Ten healthy women, 20 with TTS and 20 after STEMI, mean age 64 ± 8.5 years, participated in the study. RESULTS Pressor response to Valsalva manoeuvre and tilt in TTS group was diminished in comparison to CONTROL and close to that of STEMI. During HG, increase of SBP was the lowest in TTS group. Data indirectly suggest that it was due to deficient stroke volume in TTS and STEMI patients during these manoeuvres; though echocardiographic findings at rest did not reveal any significant differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that despite apparent resolution of the immediate effects of TTS, impaired response to cardiovascular challenge, similar to that in STEMI patients, persisted. As the manoeuvres applied mimic daily life situations, causes of impairment should be searched for and potential health risk evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stępniewska
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Budnik
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Krzemiński
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland; 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gąsiorowska
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Kochanowski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Żukowska
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Robert Kowalik
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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Pałasz E, Bąk A, Gąsiorowska A, Niewiadomska G. The role of trophic factors and inflammatory processes in physical activity-induced neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2018; 71:713-726. [PMID: 28894046 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.3850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial cells and neurotrophins play an important role in maintaining homeostasis of the CNS. Disturbances of their function can lead to a number of nervous system diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Current clinical studies provide evidence that moderate physical activity adapted to the health status of PD patients can support pharmacological treatment, slow down the onset of motor impairments, and extend the patients period of independence. Physical activity, by stimulating the production and release of endogenous trophic factors, prevents the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons via inhibition of inflammatory processes and the reduction of oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to present the current state of knowledge for the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of physical activity as a supportive therapy in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Pałasz
- Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. M. Nenckiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Warszawie
| | - Agnieszka Bąk
- Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. M. Nenckiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Warszawie
| | - Anna Gąsiorowska
- Instytut Medycyny Doświadczalnej i Klinicznej im. M. Mossakowskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Warszawie
| | - Grażyna Niewiadomska
- Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. M. Nenckiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Warszawie
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Pietryga M, Dydowicz P, Toboła K, Napierała M, Miechowicz I, Gąsiorowska A, Brązert M, Florek E. Selected oxidative stress biomarkers in antenatal diagnosis as 11-14 gestational weeks. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:517-523. [PMID: 28428000 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The primary objective in modern obstetrics and prenatal diagnosis is to predict risks of congenital abnormalities. The aim of the research was to assess the correlation between selected oxidative stress biomarkers with the risk of foetal chromosomal aberration evaluated at the first trimester screening. A series of studies show that balanced free radical activity and oxidative homeostasis are essential for proper bodily growth and function. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be one of the factors associated with disruption of cell cycle and tissue development, thus leading to developmental abnormalities. That's why it's so important to examine connection between level of oxidative stress and congenital abnormalities. Using ultrasonography examinations between 11-13+6d gestational weeks combined with serum levels of pregnancy associated plasma protein A and human chorionic gonadotropin and spectrophotometric analysis of oxidative stress markers such as glutathione (GSH), S-transferase, S-nitrosothiols (RSNO), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), protein and nitrites we tried to find correlation between birth defects and oxidative stress status. In conclusion, our analysis suggests that elevated maternal serum levels of protein, S-transferase and TEAC as well as decreased maternal serum levels of GSH and protein correlated with the risk of chromosomal aberrations and congenital developmental defects in a foetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pietryga
- Ultrasound and Prenatal Diagnostic Laboratory, Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland; Department of Obstetrics and Female Health, Chair of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Piotr Dydowicz
- Ultrasound and Prenatal Diagnostic Laboratory, Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Chair of Medical Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Kinga Toboła
- Ultrasound and Prenatal Diagnostic Laboratory, Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland; Department of Obstetrics and Female Health, Chair of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Marta Napierała
- Laboratory of Environmental Research, Department of Toxicology, K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Izabela Miechowicz
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Anna Gąsiorowska
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics Ward, Podhalański Specialist Hospital in Nowy Targ, Poland.
| | - Maciej Brązert
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Chair of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Ewa Florek
- Laboratory of Environmental Research, Department of Toxicology, K. Marcinkowski Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
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Gąsiorowska A, Pietryga M, Zawiejska A, Dydowicz P, Ziółkowska K, Wolski H, Brązert J. Chorionic thickness and PlGF concentrations as early predictors of small-for-gestational age birth weight in a low risk population. Ginekol Pol 2017; 88:87-95. [DOI: 10.5603/gp.a2017.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Koźluk E, Cybulski G, Piątkowska A, Zastawna I, Niewiadomski W, Strasz A, Gąsiorowska A, Kempa M, Kozłowski D, Opolski G. Early hemodynamic response to the tilt test in patients with syncope. Arch Med Sci 2014; 10:1078-85. [PMID: 25624842 PMCID: PMC4296066 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2014.47820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our aim was to evaluate the differences in the early hemodynamic response to the tilt test (HUTT) in patients with and without syncope using impedance cardiography (ICG). MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred twenty-six patients (72 female/48 male; 37 ±17 years) were divided into a group with syncope (HUTT(+), n = 45 patients) and a group without syncope (HUTT(-), n = 81 patients). ECG and ICG signals were continuously recorded during the whole examination, allowing the calculation of heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO) for every beat. The hemodynamic parameters (averaged over 1 min) were analyzed at the following points of the HUTT: the last minute of resting, the period immediately after the tilt (0 min), 1 min and 5 min after the maneuver. The absolute changes of HR, SV and CO were calculated for 0, 1, and 5 min after the maneuver in relation to the values at rest (ΔHR, ΔSV, ΔCO). Also, the percentage changes were calculated (HRi, SVi, COi). RESULTS There were no differences between the groups in absolute and percentage changes of hemodynamic parameters immediately after and 1 min after tilting. Significant differences between the HUTT(+) and HUTT(-) groups were observed in the 5(th) min of tilting: for ΔSV (-27.2 ±21.2 ml vs. -9.7 ±27.2 ml; p = 0.03), ΔCO (-1.78 ±1.62 l/min vs. -0.34 ±2.48 l/min; p = 0.032), COi (-30 ±28% vs. -0.2 ±58%; p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS In the 5(th) min the decrease of hemodynamic parameters (ΔSV, ΔCO, COi) was significantly more pronounced in HUTT(+) patients in comparison to the HUTT(-) group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Koźluk
- Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gerard Cybulski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Piątkowska
- Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Inga Zastawna
- Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department and Clinic of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, The Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Strasz
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gąsiorowska
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Kempa
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dariusz Kozłowski
- Department of Clinical Subjects, Institute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University of Slupsk, Slupsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Niewiadomski W, Pilis A, Strasz A, Laskowska D, Gąsiorowska A, Pilis K, Cybulski G. In aged men, central vessel transmural pressure is reduced by brief Valsalva manoeuvre during strength exercise. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2013; 34:191-8. [PMID: 23981070 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A brief Valsalva manoeuvre, lasting 2-3 s, performed by young healthy men during strength exercise reduces transmural pressure acting on intrathoracic arteries. In this study, we sought to verify this finding in older men. Twenty normotensive, prehypertensive and moderately hypertensive otherwise healthy men 46-69 years old performed knee extensions combined with inspiration or with brief Valsalva manoeuvre performed at 10, 20 and 40 mmHg mouth pressure. Same respiratory manoeuvres were also performed at rest. Non-invasively measured blood pressure, knee angle, respiratory airflow and mouth pressure were continuously registered. In comparison to inspiration, estimated transmural pressure acting on thoracic arteries changed slightly and insignificantly during brief Valsalva manoeuvre at 10 and 20 mmHg mouth pressure. At 40 mmHg mouth pressure, transmural pressure declined at rest (-8·8 ± 11·4 mmHg) and during knee extension (-12·1 ± 11·9 mmHg). This decline ensued, as peak systolic pressure increase caused by this manoeuvre, was distinctly <40 mmHg. Only a main effect of mouth pressure was revealed (P<0·001) and neither exercise nor interaction between these factors, what suggests that transmural pressure decline, depended mainly on intrathoracic pressure developed during brief Valsalva manoeuvre. Resting blood pressure did not influence the effect of brief Valsalva manoeuvre on transmural pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktor Niewiadomski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Bilińska M, Kosydar-Piechna M, Mikulski T, Piotrowicz E, Gąsiorowska A, Piotrowski W, Nazar K, Piotrowicz R. Influence of aerobic training on neurohormonal and hemodynamic responses to head-up tilt test and on autonomic nervous activity at rest and after exercise in patients after bypass surgery. Cardiol J 2013; 20:17-24. [DOI: 10.5603/cj.2013.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Niewiadomski W, Pilis W, Laskowska D, Gąsiorowska A, Cybulski G, Strasz A. Effects of a brief Valsalva manoeuvre on hemodynamic response to strength exercises. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2011; 32:145-57. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-097x.2011.01069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kuczeriszka M, Olszyński KH, Gąsiorowska A, Sadowski J, Kompanowska-Jezierska E. Interaction of nitric oxide and the cytochrome P-450 system on blood pressure and renal function in the rat: dependence on sodium intake. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2011; 201:493-502. [PMID: 21073660 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Interaction was examined of nitric oxide (NO) and cytochrome P-450 (CYP-450)-dependent arachidonic acid derivatives, 20-HETE and EETs, in control of arterial pressure (MABP) and renal function. Modification of this interaction by changing sodium intake was also studied. METHODS On low, standard or high Na diet (LS, STD and HS rats respectively) effects of sequential blockade of NO synthases (NOS) and CYP-450 enzyme activity on MABP, renal blood flow (RBF, Transonic probe), renal medullary perfusion (MBF, laser-Doppler technique), medullary tissue NO (selective electrode) and renal excretion were examined in anaesthetized rats. All NOS were blocked with N(ϖ) -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), the neuronal NOS with S-methyl-l-thiocitrulline (SMTC), and CYP-450 with 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT). RESULTS In each diet group the baseline MABP was highest in rats pre-treated with l-NAME. CYP-450 inhibition significantly decreased MABP only in LS (-9%) and HS rats (-22%) pre-treated with l-NAME. This MABP decrease correlated directly with the dietary sodium content (r = 0.644, P < 0.001). CYP-450 inhibition decreased RBF in LS and HS rats (not in HS pre-treated with l-NAME). Acute exclusion of CYP-450 significantly increased MBF only in STD, SMTC pre-treated rats; in HS group it significantly increased medullary tissue NO by about 1.0 nA. The post-ABT changes in renal excretion occurred in LS and HS rats, irrespective of the status of NO synthesis. CONCLUSIONS Both NO- and CYP-450-dependent agents contribute to blood pressure and kidney function control, however, the role of 20-HETE and EETs becomes crucial only under conditions of high sodium intake or after NOS inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kuczeriszka
- Laboratory of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Cybulski G, Niewiadomski W, Aksler M, Strasz A, Gąsiorowska A, Laskowska D, Pałko T. Identification of the Sources of Artefacts in the Holter-Type Impedance Cardiography Recordings. IFMBE Proceedings 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23508-5_329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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