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Yasri NG, Ingelsson M, Nightingale M, Jaggi A, Dejak M, Kryst K, Oldenburg TBP, Roberts EPL. Investigation of electrode passivation during electrocoagulation treatment with aluminum electrodes for high silica content produced water. Water Sci Technol 2022; 85:925-942. [PMID: 35166711 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One of the main challenges for the implementation of electrocoagulation (EC) in water treatment are fouling and passivation of the electrodes, especially for applications with high contaminant concentrations. For the first time, we investigated in this study the process of fouling mitigation by polarity reversal during the EC treatment of boiler blowdown water from oil-sands produced water, characterized by high silica concentrations (0.5-4 g L-1). This effluent is typically obtained from an evaporative desalination process in oil production industries. Potentiodynamic characterisation was used to study the impact of passivation on the anode dissolution. Although a charge loading of 4,800 C L-1 was found to remove about 98% of silica from a 1 L batch of 4 g L-1 Si solution, fouling reduced the performance significantly to about 40% in consecutive cycles of direct current EC (DC-EC) treatment. Periodic polarity reversal (PR) was found to reduce the amount of electrode fouling. Decreasing the polarity period from 60 to 10 s led to the formation of a soft powdery fouling layer that was easily removed from the electrodes. In contrast, with DC operation, a hard scale deposit was observed. The presence of organics in the field samples did not significantly affect the Si removal, and organics with high levels of oxygen and sulfate groups were preferentially removed. Detailed electrochemical and economic investigations suggest that the process operating at 85 °C achieves 95% silica removal (from an initial concentration of 481 mg L-1) with an electrical energy requirement of 0.52 kWh m-3, based on a charge loading of 1,200 C L-1, an inter-electrode gap of 1.8 cm and a current density of 16 mA cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nael G Yasri
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada E-mail:
| | - Markus Ingelsson
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada E-mail:
| | | | - Aprami Jaggi
- Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Michael Dejak
- Clearpoint Engineered Solutions Inc, Tsawwassen, Canada
| | | | | | - Edward P L Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada E-mail:
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McNitt-Gray M, Napel S, Jaggi A, Mattonen SA, Hadjiiski L, Muzi M, Goldgof D, Balagurunathan Y, Pierce LA, Kinahan PE, Jones EF, Nguyen A, Virkud A, Chan HP, Emaminejad N, Wahi-Anwar M, Daly M, Abdalah M, Yang H, Lu L, Lv W, Rahmim A, Gastounioti A, Pati S, Bakas S, Kontos D, Zhao B, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Farahani K. Standardization in Quantitative Imaging: A Multicenter Comparison of Radiomic Features from Different Software Packages on Digital Reference Objects and Patient Data Sets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 6:118-128. [PMID: 32548288 PMCID: PMC7289262 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2019.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiomic features are being increasingly studied for clinical applications. We aimed to assess the agreement among radiomic features when computed by several groups by using different software packages under very tightly controlled conditions, which included standardized feature definitions and common image data sets. Ten sites (9 from the NCI's Quantitative Imaging Network] positron emission tomography–computed tomography working group plus one site from outside that group) participated in this project. Nine common quantitative imaging features were selected for comparison including features that describe morphology, intensity, shape, and texture. The common image data sets were: three 3D digital reference objects (DROs) and 10 patient image scans from the Lung Image Database Consortium data set using a specific lesion in each scan. Each object (DRO or lesion) was accompanied by an already-defined volume of interest, from which the features were calculated. Feature values for each object (DRO or lesion) were reported. The coefficient of variation (CV), expressed as a percentage, was calculated across software packages for each feature on each object. Thirteen sets of results were obtained for the DROs and patient data sets. Five of the 9 features showed excellent agreement with CV < 1%; 1 feature had moderate agreement (CV < 10%), and 3 features had larger variations (CV ≥ 10%) even after attempts at harmonization of feature calculations. This work highlights the value of feature definition standardization as well as the need to further clarify definitions for some features.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McNitt-Gray
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - S Napel
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - A Jaggi
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - S A Mattonen
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,The University of Western Ontario, Canada
| | | | - M Muzi
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - D Goldgof
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | | | - E F Jones
- UC San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - A Nguyen
- UC San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - A Virkud
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - H P Chan
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - N Emaminejad
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - M Wahi-Anwar
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - M Daly
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - M Abdalah
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - H Yang
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - L Lu
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - W Lv
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Rahmim
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Gastounioti
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - S Pati
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - S Bakas
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - D Kontos
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Zhao
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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Raisi-Estabragh Z, Mccracken C, Gkontra P, Jaggi A, Ardissino M, Cooper J, Biasiolli L, Aung N, Piechnik SK, Neubauer S, Munroe PB, Lekadir K, Harvey NC, Petersen SE. Higher consumption of red and processed meat is associated with adverse cardiovascular magnetic resonance morpho-functional phenotypes: A study of 19,408 UK Biobank participants. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): British Heart Foundation Clinical Research Training Fellowship No. FS/17/81/33318 European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 825903 (euCanSHare project).
Background
Multiple epidemiological studies link greater red and processed meat consumption with poorer cardiovascular outcomes. However, the impact of these exposures on directly measured cardiovascular phenotypes has not been examined in large cohorts. Limited existing studies suggest that the observed associations may be mediated by cardiometabolic diseases and/or novel mechanisms acting via the heart-gut axes. However, few studies systematically examine potential confounding and mediating mechanisms.
Purpose
We assessed, in the UK Biobank, the association between meat intake and cardiovascular structure and function incorporating a comprehensive range of confounders and mediators.
Methods
We studied 19,408 participants with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) data. We determined average daily red and processed meat intake using food frequency questionnaires. We used oily fish as a comparator linked to favourable cardiac health. We considered conventional CMR measures (ventricular volumes, left ventricular mass, ejection fraction, stroke volume), novel CMR radiomics features (shape, texture), and arterial stiffness metrics (arterial stiffness index, aortic distensibility). Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate associations between meat/fish intake and cardiovascular phenotypes, adjusting for age, sex, deprivation, educational level, smoking, alcohol intake, and exercise. In separate models, we investigated the mediating role of cardiometabolic morbidities.
Results
Higher intake of red and processed meat was associated with an adverse overall pattern of right and left ventricular remodelling, poorer cardiac function, and higher arterial stiffness. Conversely, higher oily fish intake was associated with a healthy cardiovascular phenotype (better ventricular function, greater arterial compliance). Radiomics analysis showed association of the different dietary habits with unique overall geometry of the ventricles and myocardial texture. These associations were partially mediated by cardiometabolic morbidities.
Conclusions
Higher red and processed meat consumption is associated with adverse cardiovascular phenotypes. These relationships are not fully explained by mediation through cardiometabolic morbidities suggesting importance of alternative disease pathways. Understanding these potential novel disease mechanisms is important for optimising cardiovascular disease prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Raisi-Estabragh
- St Bartholomews and Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - C Mccracken
- Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey research institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - P Gkontra
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Jaggi
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Ardissino
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - J Cooper
- Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey research institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - L Biasiolli
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - N Aung
- Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey research institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - SK Piechnik
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Neubauer
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - PB Munroe
- Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey research institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - K Lekadir
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - NC Harvey
- University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - SE Petersen
- Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey research institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Cramm MA, Neves BDM, Manning CCM, Oldenburg TBP, Archambault P, Chakraborty A, Cyr-Parent A, Edinger EN, Jaggi A, Mort A, Tortell P, Hubert CRJ. Characterization of marine microbial communities around an Arctic seabed hydrocarbon seep at Scott Inlet, Baffin Bay. Sci Total Environ 2021; 762:143961. [PMID: 33373752 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Seabed hydrocarbon seeps present natural laboratories for investigating responses of marine ecosystems to petroleum input. A hydrocarbon seep near Scott Inlet, Baffin Bay, was visited for in situ observations and sampling in the summer of 2018. Video evidence of an active hydrocarbon seep was confirmed by methane and hydrocarbon analysis of the overlying water column, which is 260 m at this site. Elevated methane concentrations in bottom water above and down current from the seep decreased to background seawater levels in the mid-water column >150 m above the seafloor. Seafloor microbial mats morphologically resembling sulfide-oxidizing bacteria surrounded areas of bubble ebullition. Calcareous tube worms, brittle stars, shrimp, sponges, sea stars, sea anemones, sea urchins, small fish and soft corals were observed near the seep, with soft corals showing evidence for hydrocarbon incorporation. Sediment microbial communities included putative methane-oxidizing Methyloprofundus, sulfate-reducing Desulfobulbaceae and sulfide-oxidizing Sulfurovum. A metabolic gene diagnostic for aerobic methanotrophs (pmoA) was detected in the sediment and bottom water above the seep epicentre and up to 5 km away. Both 16S rRNA gene and pmoA amplicon sequencing revealed that pelagic microbial communities oriented along the geologic basement rise associated with methane seepage (running SW to NE) differed from communities in off-axis water up to 5 km away. Relative abundances of aerobic methanotrophs and putative hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were elevated in the bottom water down current from the seep. Detection of bacterial clades typically associated with hydrocarbon and methane oxidation highlights the importance of Arctic marine microbial communities in mitigating hydrocarbon emissions from natural geologic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Cramm
- Geomicrobiology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Bárbara de Moura Neves
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ecological Sciences Section, 80 East White Hills Road, P.O. Box 5667, St. John's, Newfoundland A1C 5X1, Canada
| | - Cara C M Manning
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Thomas B P Oldenburg
- Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Philippe Archambault
- ArcticNet, Québec Océan, Takuvik Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- Geomicrobiology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Annie Cyr-Parent
- Department of Economic Development and Transportation, Government of Nunavut, Building 1104A, Inuksugait Plaza, PO Box 1000, Station 1500, Iqaluit, NU X0A 0H0, Canada
| | - Evan N Edinger
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John's, Newfoundland A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Aprami Jaggi
- Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Andrew Mort
- Natural Resources Canada, 3303 33 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 2A7, Canada
| | - Philippe Tortell
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Casey R J Hubert
- Geomicrobiology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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Raisi-Estabragh Z, Jaggi A, Aung N, Neubauer S, Piechnik S, Munroe P, Harvey N, Lekadir K, Petersen S. Variation of cardiac magnetic resonance radiomics features by age and sex in healthy participants from the UK Biobank. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) radiomics use voxel-level data to derive quantitative indices of myocardial tissue texture, which may provide complementary risk information to traditional CMR measures.
Purpose
In this first stage of our work, establishing the performance characteristics of CMR radiomics in relation to disease outcomes, we aimed to elucidate differences in radiomic features by sex and age in apparently healthy adults.
Methods
We defined a healthy cohort from the first 5,065 individuals completing the UK Biobank Imaging Enhancement, limiting to white Caucasian ethnicity, and excluding those with major co-morbidities, or cardiovascular risk factors/symptoms. We created evenly distributed age groups: 45–54 years, 55–64 years, 65–74 years. Radiomics features were extracted from left ventricle segmentations, with normalisation to body surface area. We compared mean values of individual features between the sexes, stratified by age and separately between the oldest and youngest age groups for each sex.
Results
We studied 657 (309 men, 358 women) healthy individuals. There were significant differences between radiomics features of men and women. Different features appeared more important at different age groups. For instance, in the youngest age group “end-systolic coarseness” showed greatest difference between men and women, whilst “end-diastolic run percentage” and “end-diastolic high grey level emphasis” showed most variation in the oldest and middle age groups. In the oldest age groups, differences between men and women were most predominant in the texture features, whilst in the younger groups a mixture of shape and texture differences were observed. We demonstrate significant variation between radiomics features by age, these differences are exclusively in texture features with different features implicated in men and women (“end-diastolic mean intensity” in women, “end-systolic sum entropy in men”).
Conclusions
There are significant age and sex differences in CMR radiomics features of apparently healthy adults, demonstrating alterations in myocardial architecture not appreciated by conventional indices. In younger ages, shape and texture differences are observed, whilst in older ages texture differences dominate. Furthermore, texture features are the most different features between the youngest and oldest hearts. We provide proof-of-concept data indicating CMR radiomics has discriminatory value with regard to two characteristics strongly linked to cardiovascular outcomes. We will next elucidate relationships between CMR radiomics, cardiac risk factors, and clinical outcomes, establishing predictive value incremental to existing measures.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (825903),British Heart Foundation Clinical Research Training Fellowship (FS/17/81/33318)
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Jaggi
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Aung
- St Bartholomews and Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Neubauer
- Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey research institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Piechnik
- Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey research institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - P.B Munroe
- Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey research institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - N.C Harvey
- University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - K Lekadir
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S.E Petersen
- St Bartholomews and Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
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Gilbert A, Jaggi A, Jones J, May C. What is the effect of communication technology on the work of being a patient in orthopaedics? A systematic review. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Catlow R, Bruce G, Moss R, Gilbert A, Jaggi A, Dalton R. What are the barriers to timely discharge after elective orthopaedic surgery? A qualitative service evaluation. Physiotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.11.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Gilbert A, Hauptmannova I, Jaggi A. The use of assistive technology in shoulder exercise rehabilitation – a usability study. Physiotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.11.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Mandel R, Bruce G, Moss R, Carrington R, Gilbert A, Jaggi A. Hip precautions after primary total hip arthroplasty: ‘It's what we’ve always done’. Physiotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.11.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Gilbert A, Steel J, Rachel D, Jaggi A. Identifying barriers and facilitators to engaging in clinical research within an NHS Therapies Department: results of a listening exercise. Physiotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2016.10.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Gilbert A, Coltman A, Power A, Moss R, Miles J, Carrington R, Jaggi A. Prospectively testing the Stanmore Length of Stay tool to predict length of stay following primary total hip or knee arthroplasty. Physiotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Brennan L, O’Tuama A, Papadopolous E, Moss R, Gilbert A, Jaggi A. Development of a protocol to measure hamstring and quadriceps strength using a Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester. Physiotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2016.10.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Gilbert A, Jaggi A, May C. What is the acceptability of real time 1:1 videoconferencing shoulder rehabilitation follow up consultations? Physiotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2016.10.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jungmann-Smith JH, Bergamaschi A, Brückner M, Cartier S, Dinapoli R, Greiffenberg D, Jaggi A, Maliakal D, Mayilyan D, Medjoubi K, Mezza D, Mozzanica A, Ramilli M, Ruder C, Schädler L, Schmitt B, Shi X, Tinti G. Radiation hardness assessment of the charge-integrating hybrid pixel detector JUNGFRAU 1.0 for photon science. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:123110. [PMID: 26724009 DOI: 10.1063/1.4938166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
JUNGFRAU (adJUstiNg Gain detector FoR the Aramis User station) is a two-dimensional hybrid pixel detector for photon science applications in free electron lasers, particularly SwissFEL, and synchrotron light sources. JUNGFRAU is an automatic gain switching, charge-integrating detector which covers a dynamic range of more than 10(4) photons of an energy of 12 keV with a good linearity, uniformity of response, and spatial resolving power. The JUNGFRAU 1.0 application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) features a 256 × 256 pixel matrix of 75 × 75 μm(2) pixels and is bump-bonded to a 320 μm thick Si sensor. Modules of 2 × 4 chips cover an area of about 4 × 8 cm(2). Readout rates in excess of 2 kHz enable linear count rate capabilities of 20 MHz (at 12 keV) and 50 MHz (at 5 keV). The tolerance of JUNGFRAU to radiation is a key issue to guarantee several years of operation at free electron lasers and synchrotrons. The radiation hardness of JUNGFRAU 1.0 is tested with synchrotron radiation up to 10 MGy of delivered dose. The effect of radiation-induced changes on the noise, baseline, gain, and gain switching is evaluated post-irradiation for both the ASIC and the hybridized assembly. The bare JUNGFRAU 1.0 chip can withstand doses as high as 10 MGy with minor changes to its noise and a reduction in the preamplifier gain. The hybridized assembly, in particular the sensor, is affected by the photon irradiation which mainly shows as an increase in the leakage current. Self-healing of the system is investigated during a period of 11 weeks after the delivery of the radiation dose. Annealing radiation-induced changes by bake-out at 100 °C is investigated. It is concluded that the JUNGFRAU 1.0 pixel is sufficiently radiation-hard for its envisioned applications at SwissFEL and synchrotron beam lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Bergamaschi
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Brückner
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Cartier
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - R Dinapoli
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - A Jaggi
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D Maliakal
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D Mayilyan
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K Medjoubi
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP 48, 91192 GIF-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - D Mezza
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - A Mozzanica
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Ramilli
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Ch Ruder
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - L Schädler
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - B Schmitt
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - X Shi
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - G Tinti
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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15
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Morita W, Jaggi A, Alexander S. Electromyographic analysis of rotator cuff activation at different postures. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Both structural and non-structural components can contribute to shoulder instability. Classification and therefore management must recognise these factors to achieve functional stability. This paper discusses a classification system proposing three types of shoulder instability recognising the structural and non-structural components and that a continuum exists between pathologies. Structural causes can be addressed with surgical intervention, but non-structural causes such as altered neuromuscular control within the rotator cuff should be addressed conservatively. The purpose of this article is to describe the types of instability and guide appropriate management, helping to avoid surgery in inappropriate cases and ensure that effective rehabilitation has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jaggi
- Shoulder & Elbow Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore HA7 4LP, UK.
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17
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Raabe J, Tzvetkov G, Flechsig U, Böge M, Jaggi A, Sarafimov B, Vernooij MGC, Huthwelker T, Ade H, Kilcoyne D, Tyliszczak T, Fink RH, Quitmann C. PolLux: a new facility for soft x-ray spectromicroscopy at the Swiss Light Source. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:113704. [PMID: 19045892 DOI: 10.1063/1.3021472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on the successful installation and operation of a scanning transmission x-ray microspectroscope (STXM) at the PolLux facility at the Swiss Light Source. This integration of an advanced STXM with improved sample handling capabilities and a novel beamline provides unique capabilities. PolLux uses linearly or circularly polarized x-rays from a bending magnet with an extended photon energy range (200-1400 eV). It is therefore well suited to determine a sample's quantitative chemical composition, molecular orientation, or thickness of organic as well as condensed matter materials. The local magnetic state of magnetic thin films is accessible through fast helicity switching by steering the electron beam off axis through the bending magnet. Ex vacuo girder movers allow fast and highly reproducible (<1 microm) alignment of the instrument with respect to the photon beam. The present spatial resolution is approximately 20 nm, limited by the zone plates utilized. The instrument has the stability and positional resolution to operate with much higher resolution optics as it becomes available. In addition to characterization experiments, we present several typical examples from materials research and environmental science to exemplify the capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Raabe
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.
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Jaggi A, Junker C, Minder C. [Does the structure of medical services affect the proportion of death in hospitals? An ecological analysis in the mobility regions of Switzerland?]. Soz Praventivmed 2002; 46:379-88. [PMID: 11851072 DOI: 10.1007/bf01321664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES With the discussion about measures to reduce over-capacities in the health services in mind, we examined the influence of medical supply structures and services on hospital utilisation directly before death. METHODS Based on the specification of the place of dying from the death certificates, we determined the proportions of deaths in hospitals in an ecological study. We analysed deaths of persons above age 65 in each of the 106 mobility regions of Switzerland in the years 1979 to 1980. RESULTS The proportion of deaths occurring in hospitals varied between 27% and 81%. Despite missing data regarding stationary and ambulatory care services, more than half of the variance could be explained by means of a multivariate regression analysis. Our results imply an inverse relation between the proportion of deaths in the hospital and the number of consultations provided by primary care physicians, as well as the number of nursing home beds. Further, we observe a direct relation to the number of hospital beds in a region. All indicators are calculated per inhabitant. CONCLUSIONS In health care supply planning, such systematic associations should be taken into account. We recommend to analyse regularly interregional differences in supply and outcome of medical performances with the best available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jaggi
- Institut für Sozial- und Präventivmedizin, Universität Bern
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