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Kim H, El-Khoury V, Schulte N, Zhan T, Betge J, Cousin L, Felli E, Pessaux P, Ogier A, Opitz O, Ku B, Ebert MP, Kwon YJ. Personalized functional profiling using ex-vivo patient-derived spheroids points out the potential of an antiangiogenic treatment in a patient with a metastatic lung atypical carcinoid. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:96-102. [PMID: 35193475 PMCID: PMC8890433 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.2021042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung carcinoids are neuroendocrine tumors representing 1 to 2% of lung cancers. This study outlines the case of a patient with a metastatic lung atypical carcinoid who presented with a pleural effusion and progression of liver metastases after developing resistance to conventional treatments. Personalized functional profiling (PFP), i.e. drug screening, was performed in ex-vivo spheroids obtained from the patient's liver metastasis to identify potential therapeutic options. The drug screening results revealed cediranib, an antiangiogenic drug, as a hit drug for this patient, from a library of 66 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved and investigational drugs. Based on the PFP results and the reported evidence of clinical efficacy of bevacizumab and capecitabine combination in gastro-intestinal neuroendocrine tumors, this combination was given to the patient. Four months later, the pleural effusion and pleura carcinosis regressed and the liver metastasis did not progress. The patient experienced 2 years of a stable disease under the PFP-guided personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hichul Kim
- Early Discovery and Technology Development, Ksilink, Strasbourg, France.,Personalized Therapy Discovery, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Victoria El-Khoury
- Personalized Therapy Discovery, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (Lcnp), Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Nadine Schulte
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Betge
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany.,Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models, German Cancer Research Center (Dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Loic Cousin
- Early Discovery and Technology Development, Ksilink, Strasbourg, France
| | - Emanuele Felli
- Department of Visceral and Digestive Surgery, Nouvel Hopital Civil, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,IHU-Strasbourg, Institute of Image-guided Surgery, Strasbourg, France.,Inserm Institute of Viral and Liver Disease (Inserm U1110), Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Pessaux
- Department of Visceral and Digestive Surgery, Nouvel Hopital Civil, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,IHU-Strasbourg, Institute of Image-guided Surgery, Strasbourg, France.,Inserm Institute of Viral and Liver Disease (Inserm U1110), Strasbourg, France
| | - Arnaud Ogier
- Early Discovery and Technology Development, Ksilink, Strasbourg, France
| | - Oliver Opitz
- Coordinating Unit for Digital Medicine Baden-Württemberg (Ktbw), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bosung Ku
- Central R&D Center, Medical & Bio Decision (MBD), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yong-Jun Kwon
- Early Discovery and Technology Development, Ksilink, Strasbourg, France.,Personalized Therapy Discovery, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Dudelange, Luxembourg
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2
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Vuidel A, Cousin L, Weykopf B, Haupt S, Hanifehlou Z, Wiest-Daesslé N, Segschneider M, Lee J, Kwon YJ, Peitz M, Ogier A, Brino L, Brüstle O, Sommer P, Wilbertz JH. High-content phenotyping of Parkinson's disease patient stem cell-derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons using machine learning classification. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2349-2364. [PMID: 36179692 PMCID: PMC9561636 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining multiple Parkinson's disease (PD) relevant cellular phenotypes might increase the accuracy of midbrain dopaminergic neuron (mDAN) in vitro models. We differentiated patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with a LRRK2 G2019S mutation, isogenic control, and genetically unrelated iPSCs into mDANs. Using automated fluorescence microscopy in 384-well-plate format, we identified elevated levels of α-synuclein (αSyn) and serine 129 phosphorylation, reduced dendritic complexity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Next, we measured additional image-based phenotypes and used machine learning (ML) to accurately classify mDANs according to their genotype. Additionally, we show that chemical compound treatments, targeting LRRK2 kinase activity or αSyn levels, are detectable when using ML classification based on multiple image-based phenotypes. We validated our approach using a second isogenic patient-derived SNCA gene triplication mDAN model which overexpresses αSyn. This phenotyping and classification strategy improves the practical exploitability of mDANs for disease modeling and the identification of novel LRRK2-associated drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beatrice Weykopf
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; LIFE & BRAIN GmbH, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Oliver Brüstle
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; LIFE & BRAIN GmbH, Bonn, Germany
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Ratliff M, Kim H, Qi H, Kim M, Ku B, Azorin DD, Hausmann D, Khajuria RK, Patel A, Maier E, Cousin L, Ogier A, Sahm F, Etminan N, Bunse L, Winkler F, El-Khoury V, Platten M, Kwon YJ. Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids for Guidance of Personalized Drug Therapies in Recurrent Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126572. [PMID: 35743016 PMCID: PMC9223608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An obstacle to effective uniform treatment of glioblastoma, especially at recurrence, is genetic and cellular intertumoral heterogeneity. Hence, personalized strategies are necessary, as are means to stratify potential targeted therapies in a clinically relevant timeframe. Functional profiling of drug candidates against patient-derived glioblastoma organoids (PD-GBO) holds promise as an empirical method to preclinically discover potentially effective treatments of individual tumors. Here, we describe our establishment of a PD-GBO-based functional profiling platform and the results of its application to four patient tumors. We show that our PD-GBO model system preserves key features of individual patient glioblastomas in vivo. As proof of concept, we tested a panel of 41 FDA-approved drugs and were able to identify potential treatment options for three out of four patients; the turnaround from tumor resection to discovery of treatment option was 13, 14, and 15 days, respectively. These results demonstrate that this approach is a complement and, potentially, an alternative to current molecular profiling efforts in the pursuit of effective personalized treatment discovery in a clinically relevant time period. Furthermore, these results warrant the use of PD-GBO platforms for preclinical identification of new drugs against defined morphological glioblastoma features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ratliff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (R.K.K.); (E.M.); (N.E.)
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.D.A.); (D.H.); (F.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Hichul Kim
- Personalized Therapy Discovery, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; (H.K.); (V.E.-K.)
- Early Discovery and Technology Development, Ksilink, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (L.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Hao Qi
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.Q.); (L.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Minsung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110799, Korea;
| | - Bosung Ku
- Central R&D Center, Medical & Bio Decision (MBD), Suwon 16229, Korea;
| | - Daniel Dominguez Azorin
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.D.A.); (D.H.); (F.W.)
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Hausmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.D.A.); (D.H.); (F.W.)
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rajiv K. Khajuria
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (R.K.K.); (E.M.); (N.E.)
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.D.A.); (D.H.); (F.W.)
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Areeba Patel
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Elena Maier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (R.K.K.); (E.M.); (N.E.)
| | - Loic Cousin
- Early Discovery and Technology Development, Ksilink, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (L.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Arnaud Ogier
- Early Discovery and Technology Development, Ksilink, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (L.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Nima Etminan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (R.K.K.); (E.M.); (N.E.)
| | - Lukas Bunse
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.Q.); (L.B.); (M.P.)
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.D.A.); (D.H.); (F.W.)
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victoria El-Khoury
- Personalized Therapy Discovery, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; (H.K.); (V.E.-K.)
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Michael Platten
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.Q.); (L.B.); (M.P.)
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yong-Jun Kwon
- Personalized Therapy Discovery, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; (H.K.); (V.E.-K.)
- Early Discovery and Technology Development, Ksilink, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (L.C.); (A.O.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Y.-J.K.)
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Oh S, Lee JY, Choi I, Ogier A, Kwon DY, Jeong H, Son SJ, Kim Y, Kwon H, Park S, Kang H, Kong K, Ahn S, Nehrbass U, Kim MJ, Song R. Discovery of 4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives as senescence inducers and their senescence-associated antiproliferative activities on cancer cells using advanced phenotypic assay. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112550. [PMID: 33268144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Current research suggests therapy-induced senescence (TIS) of cancer cells characterized by distinct morphological and biochemical phenotypic changes represent a novel functional target that may enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapy. In order to identify novel small-molecule inducers of cellular senescence and determine the potential to be used for the treatment of melanoma, a new method of high-throughput screening (HTS) and high-contents screening (HCS) based on the detection of morphological changes was designed. This image-based and whole cell-based technology was applied to screen and select a novel class of antiproliferative agents on cancer cells, 4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives, which induced senescence-like phenotypic changes in human melanoma A375 cells without serious cytotoxicity against normal cells. To evaluate structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of 4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one scaffold starting from hit 3, a focused library containing diversely modified analogues was constructed and which led to the identification of 38, a novel compound to have remarkable anti-melanoma activity in vitro with good metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmi Oh
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Functional Morphometry-I, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Inhee Choi
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Arnaud Ogier
- Cellular Differentiation and Toxicity Prediction, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Do Yoon Kwon
- Functional Morphometry-I, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Hangyeol Jeong
- Functional Morphometry-I, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Sook Jin Son
- Functional Morphometry-I, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Haejin Kwon
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Seijin Park
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Hwankyu Kang
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Kwanghan Kong
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Sujin Ahn
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Ulf Nehrbass
- Functional Morphometry-I, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Myung Jin Kim
- Functional Morphometry-I, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea.
| | - Rita Song
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16 Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea.
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Ryan C, Vijayaraman A, Denny V, Ogier A, Ells L, Wellburn S, Cooper L, Martin D, Atkinson G. The association between musculoskeletal pain and weight change in patients attending a specialist weight management service. Physiotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.11.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pernelle K, Imbert L, Bosser C, Auregan JC, Cruel M, Ogier A, Jurdic P, Hoc T. Microscale mechanical and mineral heterogeneity of human cortical bone governs osteoclast activity. Bone 2017; 94:42-49. [PMID: 27725316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Human cortical bone permanently remodels itself resulting in a haversian microstructure with heterogeneous mechanical and mineral properties. Remodeling is carried out by a subtle equilibrium between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone degradation by osteoclasts. The mechanisms regulating osteoclast activity were studied using easy access supports whose homogeneous microstructures differ from human bone microstructure. In the current study, we show that human osteoclasts resorb human cortical bone non-randomly with respect to this specific human bone microstructural heterogeneity. The characterization of this new resorption profile demonstrates that osteoclasts preferentially resorb particular osteons that have weak mechanical properties and mineral contents and that contain small hydroxyapatite crystals with a high carbonate content. Therefore, the influence of human bone microstructure heterogeneity on osteoclast activity could be a key parameter for osteoclast behaviour, for both in vitro and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pernelle
- LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France; Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon UMR5242, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - L Imbert
- LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France; Mineralized Tissues Laboratory, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States
| | - C Bosser
- LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France
| | - J-C Auregan
- LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France; Département de l'Orthopédie pédiatrique, Necker-Hopital des enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris Descartes, 145 rue de Sèvres, 75014 Paris, France
| | - M Cruel
- LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France
| | - A Ogier
- LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France
| | - P Jurdic
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon UMR5242, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - T Hoc
- LTDS UMR CNRS 5513, Ecole Centrale Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France.
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Grünewald T, Ogier A, Akbarzadeh J, Meischel M, Peterlik H, Stanzl-Tschegg S, Löffler J, Weinberg A, Lichtenegger H. Reaction of bone nanostructure to a biodegrading Magnesium WZ21 implant - A scanning small-angle X-ray scattering time study. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:448-457. [PMID: 26621693 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the implant-bone interaction is of prime interest for the development of novel biodegrading implants. Magnesium is a very promising material in the class of biodegrading metallic implants, owing to its mechanical properties and excellent immunologic response during healing. However, the influence of degrading Mg implants on the bone nanostructure is still an open question of crucial importance for the design of novel Mg implant alloys. This study investigates the changes in the nanostructure of bone following the application of a degrading WZ21 Mg implant (2wt% Y, 1wt% Zn, 0.25wt% Ca and 0.15wt% Mn) in a murine model system over the course of 15months by small angle X-ray scattering. Our investigations showed a direct response of the bone nanostructure after as little as 1month with a realignment of nano-sized bone mineral platelets along the bone-implant interface. The growth of new bone tissue after implant resorption is characterized by zones of lower mineral platelet thickness and slightly decreased order in the stacking of the platelets. The preferential orientation of the mineral platelets strongly deviates from the normal orientation along the shaft and still roughly follows the implant direction after 15months. We explain our findings by considering geometrical, mechanical and chemical factors during the process of implant resorption. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The advancement of surgical techniques and the increased life expectancy have caused a growing demand for improved bone implants. Ideally, they should be bio-resorbable, support bone as long as necessary and then be replaced by healthy bone tissue. Magnesium is a promising candidate for this purpose. Various studies have demonstrated its excellent mechanical performance, degradation behaviour and immunologic properties. The structural response of bone, however, is not well known. On the nanometer scale, the arrangement of collagen fibers and calcium mineral platelets is an important indicator of structural integrity. The present study provides insight into nanostructural changes in rat bone at different times after implant placement and different implant degradation states. The results are useful for further improved magnesium alloys.
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Kim J, Lee H, Lee JH, Kwon DY, Genovesio A, Fenistein D, Ogier A, Brondani V, Grailhe R. Dimerization, oligomerization, and aggregation of human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis copper/zinc superoxide dismutase 1 protein mutant forms in live cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15094-103. [PMID: 24692554 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.542613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 100 copper/zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) genetic mutations have been characterized. These mutations lead to the death of motor neurons in ALS. In its native form, the SOD1 protein is expressed as a homodimer in the cytosol. In vitro studies have shown that SOD1 mutations impair the dimerization kinetics of the protein, and in vivo studies have shown that SOD1 forms aggregates in patients with familial forms of ALS. In this study, we analyzed WT SOD1 and 9 mutant (mt) forms of the protein by non-invasive fluorescence techniques. Using microscopic techniques such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer, fluorescence complementation, image-based quantification, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we studied SOD1 dimerization, oligomerization, and aggregation. Our results indicate that SOD1 mutations lead to an impairment in SOD1 dimerization and, subsequently, affect protein aggregation. We also show that SOD1 WT and mt proteins can dimerize. However, aggregates are predominantly composed of SOD1 mt proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Kim
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Honggun Lee
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Lee
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-yoon Kwon
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Auguste Genovesio
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Denis Fenistein
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Arnaud Ogier
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Vincent Brondani
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Regis Grailhe
- From Neurodegeneration and Applied Microscopy, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
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Carralot JP, Ogier A, Boese A, Genovesio A, Brodin P, Sommer P, Dorval T. A novel specific edge effect correction method for RNA interference screenings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 28:261-8. [PMID: 22121160 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
MOTIVATION High-throughput screening (HTS) is an important method in drug discovery in which the activities of a large number of candidate chemicals or genetic materials are rapidly evaluated. Data are usually obtained by measurements on samples in microwell plates and are often subjected to artefacts that can bias the result selection. We report here a novel edge effect correction algorithm suitable for RNA interference (RNAi) screening, because its normalization does not rely on the entire dataset and takes into account the specificities of such a screening process. The proposed method is able to estimate the edge effects for each assay plate individually using the data from a single control column based on diffusion model, and thus targeting a specific but recurrent well-known HTS artefact. This method was first developed and validated using control plates and was then applied to the correction of experimental data generated during a genome-wide siRNA screen aimed at studying HIV-host interactions. The proposed algorithm was able to correct the edge effect biasing the control data and thus improve assay quality and, consequently, the hit-selection step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Carralot
- Biology of Intracellular Pathogens, Inserm Avenir Team, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si, Korea.
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Xu G, Ahn J, Chang S, Eguchi M, Ogier A, Han S, Park Y, Shim C, Jang Y, Yang B, Xu A, Wang Y, Sweeney G. Lipocalin-2 induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis by increasing intracellular iron accumulation. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:4808-17. [PMID: 22117066 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.275719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to determine whether lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis, the mechanisms involved, and the functional significance. Emerging evidence suggests that Lcn2 is a proinflammatory adipokine associated with insulin resistance and obesity-related complications, such as heart failure. Here, we used both primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and H9c2 cells and demonstrated for the first time that Lcn2 directly induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, an important component of cardiac remodeling leading to heart failure. This was shown by detection of DNA fragmentation using TUNEL assay, phosphatidylserine exposure using flow cytometry to detect annexin V-positive cells, caspase-3 activity using enzymatic assay and immunofluorescence, and Western blotting for the detection of cleaved caspase-3. We also observed that Lcn2 caused translocation of the proapoptotic protein Bax to mitochondria and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. Using transient transfection of GFP-Bax, we confirmed that Lcn2 induced co-localization of Bax with MitoTracker® dye. Importantly, we used the fluorescent probe Phen Green SK to demonstrate an increase in intracellular iron in response to Lcn2, and depleting intracellular iron using an iron chelator prevented Lcn2-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Administration of recombinant Lcn2 to mice for 14 days increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis as well as an acute inflammatory response with compensatory changes in cardiac functional parameters. In conclusion, Lcn2-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is of physiological significance and occurs via a mechanism involving elevated intracellular iron levels and Bax translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiong Xu
- Toxicity Group, and Drug Biology Group, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 463-400, South Korea
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Dorval T, Ogier A, Genovesio A, Lim HK, Kwon DY, Lee JH, Worman HJ, Dauer W, Grailhe R. Contextual automated 3D analysis of subcellular organelles adapted to high-content screening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 15:847-57. [PMID: 20639502 DOI: 10.1177/1087057110374993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Advances in automated imaging microscopy allow fast acquisitions of multidimensional biological samples. Those microscopes open new possibilities for analyzing subcellular structures and spatial cellular arrangements. In this article, the authors describe a 3D image analysis framework adapted to medium-throughput screening. Upon adaptive and regularized segmentation, followed by precise 3D reconstruction, they achieve automatic quantification of numerous relevant 3D descriptors related to the shape, texture, and fluorescence intensity of multiple stained subcellular structures. A global analysis of the 3D reconstructed scene shows additional possibilities to quantify the relative position of organelles. Implementing this methodology, the authors analyzed the subcellular reorganization of the nucleus, the Golgi apparatus, and the centrioles occurring during the cell cycle. In addition, they quantified the effect of a genetic mutation associated with the early onset primary dystonia on the redistribution of torsinA from the bulk endoplasmic reticulum to the perinuclear space of the nuclear envelope. They show that their method enables the classification of various translocation levels of torsinA and opens the possibility for compound-based screening campaigns restoring the normal torsinA phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Dorval
- Cellular Differentiation, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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Abstract
Automated acquisitions in microscopy may come along with strong illumination artifacts due to poor physical imaging conditions. Such artifacts obviously have direct consequences on the efficiency of an image analysis algorithm and on the quantitative measures. In this paper, we propose a method to correct illumination artifacts on biological images. This correction is based on orthogonal polynomial modeling, combined with stationary maximization criteria. To validate the proposed method we show that we improve particle detection algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorval
- Image Mining Group, Institut Pasteur Korea, 39-1, Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Korea
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