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Frequency and classification of addenda in paediatric neuroradiological reports as part of quality assurance. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:303-311. [PMID: 38310059 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To determine the frequency and classification of addenda seen in paediatric brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of the addenda of brain MRI reports from a large tertiary children's hospital was undertaken between January 2013 to December 2021 and a subset of above radiology reports was used to classify addenda over 6-month periods, October to March, spanning 2018 to 2021. A radiology fellow and a medical doctor classified the addenda into previously published categories using their best judgement. RESULTS Out of 73,643 brain MRI reports over 9 years (108 months) included in the study, only 923 reports (1.25%) had addenda. There was a total of 13,615 brain MRI reports from 6-month periods, of which only 179 reports (1.31%) had an addendum. The number of errors according to categories were: observational 88/13,615 (0.65%); interpretational 16/13,615 (0.12%); non-observational and non-interpretative 82/13,615 (0.6%). Notifications to referring physician made in 29/13,615 (0.21%). CONCLUSIONS The overall proportion of addenda to the brain MRI reports of children in the present study was low, at 1.25%. Categorisation of different addenda revealed the most common errors to be observational in 0.65%, including under-reading in the region of interest in 0.25%. Appropriate measures can now be introduced to minimise the error-based addenda further and improve MRI diagnosis in children. Other paediatric practices may choose to follow suit in evaluating their addenda and errors to improve practice.
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Study of High-Transverse-Momentum Higgs Boson Production in Association with a Vector Boson in the qqbb Final State with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:131802. [PMID: 38613283 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This Letter presents the first study of Higgs boson production in association with a vector boson (V=W or Z) in the fully hadronic qqbb final state using data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb^{-1}. The vector bosons and Higgs bosons are each reconstructed as large-radius jets and tagged using jet substructure techniques. Dedicated tagging algorithms exploiting b-tagging properties are used to identify jets consistent with Higgs bosons decaying into bb[over ¯]. Dominant backgrounds from multijet production are determined directly from the data, and a likelihood fit to the jet mass distribution of Higgs boson candidates is used to extract the number of signal events. The VH production cross section is measured inclusively and differentially in several ranges of Higgs boson transverse momentum: 250-450, 450-650, and greater than 650 GeV. The inclusive signal yield relative to the standard model expectation is observed to be μ=1.4_{-0.9}^{+1.0} and the corresponding cross section is 3.1±1.3(stat)_{-1.4}^{+1.8}(syst) pb.
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Measurement of the Centrality Dependence of the Dijet Yield in p+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:102301. [PMID: 38518341 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.102301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
ATLAS measured the centrality dependence of the dijet yield using 165 nb^{-1} of p+Pb data collected at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV in 2016. The event centrality, which reflects the p+Pb impact parameter, is characterized by the total transverse energy registered in the Pb-going side of the forward calorimeter. The central-to-peripheral ratio of the scaled dijet yields, R_{CP}, is evaluated, and the results are presented as a function of variables that reflect the kinematics of the initial hard parton scattering process. The R_{CP} shows a scaling with the Bjorken x of the parton originating from the proton, x_{p}, while no such trend is observed as a function of x_{Pb}. This analysis provides unique input to understanding the role of small proton spatial configurations in p+Pb collisions by covering parton momentum fractions from the valence region down to x_{p}∼10^{-3} and x_{Pb}∼4×10^{-4}.
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The empty pelvis syndrome: a core data set from the PelvEx collaborative. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znae042. [PMID: 38456677 PMCID: PMC10921833 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empty pelvis syndrome (EPS) is a significant source of morbidity following pelvic exenteration (PE), but is undefined. EPS outcome reporting and descriptors of radicality of PE are inconsistent; therefore, the best approaches for prevention are unknown. To facilitate future research into EPS, the aim of this study is to define a measurable core outcome set, core descriptor set and written definition for EPS. Consensus on strategies to mitigate EPS was also explored. METHOD Three-stage consensus methodology was used: longlisting with systematic review, healthcare professional event, patient engagement, and Delphi-piloting; shortlisting with two rounds of modified Delphi; and a confirmatory stage using a modified nominal group technique. This included a selection of measurement instruments, and iterative generation of a written EPS definition. RESULTS One hundred and three and 119 participants took part in the modified Delphi and consensus meetings, respectively. This encompassed international patient and healthcare professional representation with multidisciplinary input. Seventy statements were longlisted, seven core outcomes (bowel obstruction, enteroperineal fistula, chronic perineal sinus, infected pelvic collection, bowel obstruction, morbidity from reconstruction, re-intervention, and quality of life), and four core descriptors (magnitude of surgery, radiotherapy-induced damage, methods of reconstruction, and changes in volume of pelvic dead space) reached consensus-where applicable, measurement of these outcomes and descriptors was defined. A written definition for EPS was agreed. CONCLUSIONS EPS is an area of unmet research and clinical need. This study provides an agreed definition and core data set for EPS to facilitate further research.
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Search for New Phenomena in Two-Body Invariant Mass Distributions Using Unsupervised Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:081801. [PMID: 38457710 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.081801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Searches for new resonances are performed using an unsupervised anomaly-detection technique. Events with at least one electron or muon are selected from 140 fb^{-1} of pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV recorded by ATLAS at the Large Hadron Collider. The approach involves training an autoencoder on data, and subsequently defining anomalous regions based on the reconstruction loss of the decoder. Studies focus on nine invariant mass spectra that contain pairs of objects consisting of one light jet or b jet and either one lepton (e,μ), photon, or second light jet or b jet in the anomalous regions. No significant deviations from the background hypotheses are observed. Limits on contributions from generic Gaussian signals with various widths of the resonance mass are obtained for nine invariant masses in the anomalous regions.
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Expert panel recommendations for topical hemostatic agent use in varied bleeding sites and situations during neuro-spine surgeries. J Clin Neurosci 2024; 120:30-35. [PMID: 38176112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Intraoperative bleeding poses a substantial challenge, particularly in neuro-spine surgeries leading to complications such as hematomas, infections, and hemodynamic instability. Despite their proven efficacy, use of topical hemostatic agents (THAs) lacks comprehensive published literature and guidelines particularly in the Indian setting. The present study provides the first-ever Indian expert panel recommendations for effective adjunct THA use in different intraoperative bleeding sites and situations in neuro-spine surgeries. A comprehensive approach, encompassing a literature review, followed by experience sharing in a meeting using a survey helped integrate expert opinions in the form of practical algorithms to guide THA selection. Our survey results revealed a strong inclination towards specific THAs, flowable gelatin + thrombin being choice of THA for difficult to access and problematic bleeding situations during tumor removal/resection, transsphenoidal hypophysectomy and skull-based procedures. Both oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC)/Fibrillar and flowable gelatin + thrombin were recommended for continuous oozing. ORC/Fibrillar was preferred for arteriovenous and cavernous malformations. This expert-panel guidance on THA use aims to optimize hemostat use practices and improve surgical outcomes in neuro-spine surgery.
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Observation of WZγ Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:021802. [PMID: 38277610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of WZγ production and a measurement of its cross section using 140.1±1.2 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The WZγ production cross section, with both the W and Z bosons decaying leptonically, pp→WZγ→ℓ^{'}^{±}νℓ^{+}ℓ^{-}γ (ℓ^{(^{'})}=e, μ), is measured in a fiducial phase-space region defined such that the leptons and the photon have high transverse momentum and the photon is isolated. The cross section is found to be 2.01±0.30(stat)±0.16(syst) fb. The corresponding standard model predicted cross section calculated at next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics and at leading order in the electroweak coupling constant is 1.50±0.06 fb. The observed significance of the WZγ signal is 6.3σ, compared with an expected significance of 5.0σ.
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Combined Measurement of the Higgs Boson Mass from the H→γγ and H→ZZ^{*}→4ℓ Decay Channels with the ATLAS Detector Using sqrt[s]=7, 8, and 13 TeV pp Collision Data. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:251802. [PMID: 38181336 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.251802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
A measurement of the mass of the Higgs boson combining the H→ZZ^{*}→4ℓ and H→γγ decay channels is presented. The result is based on 140 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector during LHC run 2 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV combined with the run 1 ATLAS mass measurement, performed at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, yielding a Higgs boson mass of 125.11±0.09(stat)±0.06(syst)=125.11±0.11 GeV. This corresponds to a 0.09% precision achieved on this fundamental parameter of the Standard Model of particle physics.
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Search for Dark Photons in Rare Z Boson Decays with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:251801. [PMID: 38181367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.251801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
A search for events with a dark photon produced in association with a dark Higgs boson via rare decays of the standard model Z boson is presented, using 139 fb^{-1} of sqrt[s]=13 TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The dark boson decays into a pair of dark photons, and at least two of the three dark photons must each decay into a pair of electrons or muons, resulting in at least two same-flavor opposite-charge lepton pairs in the final state. The data are found to be consistent with the background prediction, and upper limits are set on the dark photon's coupling to the dark Higgs boson times the kinetic mixing between the standard model photon and the dark photon, α_{D}ϵ^{2}, in the dark photon mass range of [5, 40] GeV except for the ϒ mass window [8.8, 11.1] GeV. This search explores new parameter space not previously excluded by other experiments.
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Author Correction: Large language models and agricultural extension services. NATURE FOOD 2023; 4:1112. [PMID: 38036702 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
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High prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies among unvaccinated children of Chandigarh, Northwest India, in a household-based paediatric serosurvey post-second wave of pandemic (June to July 2021). Public Health 2023; 225:160-167. [PMID: 37931485 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current national severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination policy covers children aged >12 years. Unvaccinated, uninfected children remain susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and play a role in community transmission, as paediatric infection is mostly mild or asymptomatic. To estimate the proportion of susceptible children in a community for public health measures, there is a need to assess the extent of natural infection. STUDY DESIGN We performed a cross-sectional household serosurvey of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in unvaccinated children aged between 6 and 18 years after the second COVID-19 wave. METHODS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobin G (IgG) testing in serum was done using chemiluminescence immunoassay. We used a logistic regression model to investigate predicted factors of seropositivity. RESULTS We observed a high prevalence (weighted average: 68.3%) of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in 2700 enrolled children. Logistic regression for predictors of IgG seropositivity showed lower odds in households with completely vaccinated adults (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26-0.71, P = 0.0011) compared with households with unvaccinated adults. Other factors for low seropositivity included frontline workers as family members (adjusted OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.52-0.91, P = 0.0091) and non-crowded households (adjusted OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61-0.89, P = 0.0019). CONCLUSION A high SARS-CoV-2 IgG prevalence in unvaccinated children was indicative of previous exposure to potentially infected contacts. This implies in-person academic activities for children can be continued during future community transmission. Comparatively lower seropositivity in children of completely vaccinated households or frontline workers suggests decreased transmission due to vaccination-induced immunity of family members. Vaccination will still be required in these children to maintain protective IgG levels, particularly in low seroprevalence groups.
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Need for enrichment of lutetium isotope and design of a laser based separator module. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 202:111038. [PMID: 37812857 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Lutetium-177 radio-pharmaceutical has become an important theranostic candidate in cancer treatment. Its availability from bench-to-bed requires strategic implementation of isotope-enrichment, neutron-irradiation and radio-chemical techniques. In this paper, the need for enrichment of lutetium-176 is emphasized by estimating specific activity of lutetium-177 as a function of enrichment percentage for typical neutron flux available at Dhruva reactor, India. A novel Atomic Vapour Laser Isotope Separation (AVLIS) module for lutetium-176 enrichment is designed to meet the above requirement. The paper documents its characteristics and production estimates. The design is carried out after critical assessment and evaluation of available AVLIS-infrastructure in the country. Outline of lutetium-177 enrichment, capable of producing non-carrier-added lutetium is also provided. This work concludes that India has taken a step forward towards self-reliance (Atmanirbhar Bharat) in securing the supply chain of lutetium-177.
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Empty pelvis syndrome: PelvEx Collaborative guideline proposal. Br J Surg 2023; 110:1730-1731. [PMID: 37757457 PMCID: PMC10805575 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
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Observation of Single-Top-Quark Production in Association with a Photon Using the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:181901. [PMID: 37977601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.181901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of single top quarks produced together with a photon, which directly probes the electroweak coupling of the top quark. The analysis uses 139 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Requiring a photon with transverse momentum larger than 20 GeV and within the detector acceptance, the fiducial cross section is measured to be 688±23(stat) _{-71}^{+75}(syst) fb, to be compared with the standard model prediction of 515_{-42}^{+36} fb at next-to-leading order in QCD.
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Large language models and agricultural extension services. NATURE FOOD 2023; 4:941-948. [PMID: 37932438 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Several factors have traditionally hampered the effectiveness of agricultural extension services, including limited institutional capacity and reach. Here we assess the potential of large language models (LLMs), specifically Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), to transform agricultural extension. We focus on the ability of LLMs to simplify scientific knowledge and provide personalized, location-specific and data-driven agricultural recommendations. We emphasize shortcomings of this technology, informed by real-life testing of GPT to generate technical advice for Nigerian cassava farmers. To ensure a safe and responsible dissemination of LLM functionality across farming worldwide, we propose an idealized LLM design process with human experts in the loop.
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Author Correction: A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery. Nature 2023; 623:E5. [PMID: 37853131 PMCID: PMC10620074 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
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Comparative Study of Dysphagia-optimized Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (Do-IMRT) and Standard Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (S-IMRT) and Its Clinical Correlation in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3697-3704. [PMID: 38019227 PMCID: PMC10772780 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.11.3697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dosimetric sparing of critical swallowing structures like constrictor muscles and larynx can lead to improved functional outcomes in head and neck cancer patients treated by chemoradiation. METHODS A total of 50 Patients with newly diagnosed, biopsy proven AJCC stage II-IV head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCC) were prospectively studied. 25 patients were randomized in each arm of Dysphagia-optimized Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (Do-IMRT) arm and Standard Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (SIMRT) arm. Additional dose constraints were applied to the dysphagia/aspiration at risk structures (DARS) in Do-IMRT arm. The impact of using Do-IMRT was assessed by the difference in mean scores of MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), University of Washington-Quality of Life (UW-QOL), and 100 ml Water Swallow Test (WST). RESULTS Patients in both arms showed significant (P <0.01 or P < 0.001) improvement in MDADI (global and composite), UW-QOL and Water Swallow Test scores. However, the improvements were found significantly higher in Do-IMRT as compared to S-IMRT. Significant improvements i.e. mean change from baseline to 12 months (P <0.05 or P <0.01 or P <0.001) were 19. 2, 8.6, 14.3, 7.4, 18.6 and 22.0% higher respectively in Do-IMRT as compared to S-IMRT in MDADI global and composite scores, UW-QOL swallowing scores, and 100 ml Water Swallow (swallowing volume, swallowing capacity and swallowing speed) test scores. CONCLUSION The Do-IMRT improves swallowing functions compared to S-IMRT in HNSCC patients treated with radical chemoradiation.
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Measurement of Suppression of Large-Radius Jets and Its Dependence on Substructure in Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:172301. [PMID: 37955510 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.172301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This letter presents a measurement of the nuclear modification factor of large-radius jets in sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV Pb+Pb collisions by the ATLAS experiment. The measurement is performed using 1.72 nb^{-1} and 257 pb^{-1} of Pb+Pb and pp data, respectively. The large-radius jets are reconstructed with the anti-k_{t} algorithm using a radius parameter of R=1.0, by reclustering anti-k_{t} R=0.2 jets, and are measured over the transverse momentum (p_{T}) kinematic range of 158
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Measurement of the Sensitivity of Two-Particle Correlations in pp Collisions to the Presence of Hard Scatterings. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:162301. [PMID: 37925689 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
A key open question in the study of multiparticle production in high-energy pp collisions is the relationship between the "ridge"-i.e., the observed azimuthal correlations between particles in the underlying event that extend over all rapidities-and hard or semihard scattering processes. In particular, it is not known whether jets or their soft fragments are correlated with particles in the underlying event. To address this question, two-particle correlations are measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV using data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, with an integrated luminosity of 15.8 pb^{-1}, in two different configurations. In the first case, charged particles associated with jets are excluded from the correlation analysis, while in the second case, correlations are measured between particles within jets and charged particles from the underlying event. Second-order flow coefficients, v_{2}, are presented as a function of event multiplicity and transverse momentum. These measurements show that excluding particles associated with jets does not affect the measured correlations. Moreover, particles associated with jets do not exhibit any significant azimuthal correlations with the underlying event, ruling out hard processes contributing to the ridge.
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Observation of an Excess of Dicharmonium Events in the Four-Muon Final State with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:151902. [PMID: 37897770 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
A search is made for potential ccc[over ¯]c[over ¯] tetraquarks decaying into a pair of charmonium states in the four muon final state using proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^{-1} recorded by the ATLAS experiment at LHC. Two decay channels, J/ψ+J/ψ→4μ and J/ψ+ψ(2S)→4μ, are studied. Backgrounds are estimated based on a hybrid approach involving Monte Carlo simulations and data-driven methods. Statistically significant excesses with respect to backgrounds dominated by the single parton scattering are seen in the di-J/ψ channel consistent with a narrow resonance at 6.9 GeV and a broader structure at lower mass. A statistically significant excess is also seen in the J/ψ+ψ(2S) channel. The fitted masses and decay widths of the structures are reported.
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Observation of the γγ→ττ Process in Pb+Pb Collisions and Constraints on the τ-Lepton Anomalous Magnetic Moment with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:151802. [PMID: 37897746 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of τ-lepton-pair production in ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions Pb+Pb→Pb(γγ→ττ)Pb and constraints on the τ-lepton anomalous magnetic moment a_{τ}. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.44 nb^{-1} of LHC Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment in 2018. Selected events contain one muon from a τ-lepton decay, an electron or charged-particle track(s) from the other τ-lepton decay, little additional central-detector activity, and no forward neutrons. The γγ→ττ process is observed in Pb+Pb collisions with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations and a signal strength of μ_{ττ}=1.03_{-0.05}^{+0.06} assuming the standard model value for a_{τ}. To measure a_{τ}, a template fit to the muon transverse-momentum distribution from τ-lepton candidates is performed, using a dimuon (γγ→μμ) control sample to constrain systematic uncertainties. The observed 95% confidence-level interval for a_{τ} is -0.057
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External Beam Radiotherapy Interdigitated with High Dose Rate(HDR) Intracavitary Brachytherapy versus External Beam Radiotherapy followed by Sequential HDR Intracavitary Brachytherapy for Locally Advanced Carcinoma Cervix-Randomized Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3441-3445. [PMID: 37898849 PMCID: PMC10770684 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.10.3441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cervical cancer treatment, overall treatment time (OTT) is an important prognostic factor. This study compares the clinical outcomes when High-Dose-Rate Intracavitary-Brachytherapy(HDR-ICRT) is interdigitated with external beam radiotherapy(EBRT) versus sequential HDR-ICRT after EBRT in the treatment of locally advanced carcinoma cervix. METHODS Histologically confirmed carcinoma cervix patients [FIGO Stage IIB-IVA (except IIIC-2)] were included and randomized into two groups. The study group received EBRT 50Gy in 25 fractions with interdigitated HDR-ICRT 7Gy per fraction weekly for three fractions starting after completion of 3 weeks of EBRT or as soon as cervical os became negotiable thereafter. Patients in the control group received EBRT 50Gy in 25 fractions with sequential HDR-ICRT 7Gy per fraction weekly for three fractions starting one week after completion of EBRT. All patients were regularly followed up during and after radiotherapy for local toxicity and disease control. RESULTS This study enrolled 102 patients; 51 in each arm. Median OTT in study and control arm were 46 and 60 days, respectively. Median follow-up duration was 24 months (two years). Loco-regional control after two years of follow-up was 84.31 % and 72.54% of patients in study arm control arm respectively (p-value 0.148). Two (3.92%) patients from study arm and eight (15.68%) from control arm had residual disease. Two patients in study arm and one from control arm had local recurrence. Two patients from study arm three patients from control arm developed distant metastases. RTOG mucosal grade III acute mucosal toxicity in either arm. Cervical-os negotiability was limiting factor for interdigitated HDR-ICRT. CONCLUSIONS Interdigitated HDR-ICRT with EBRT may give local control with manageable toxicities as compared to sequential HDR-ICRT, with the advantage of significant reduction in OTT. .
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Multiple Sessions vs. Single Session Image-Based Intracavitary Brachytherapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Randomized Control Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S41-S42. [PMID: 37784495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The objectives of this study are: 1) To compare the acute toxicity caused in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated with weekly multiple applications vs. a single application for image-guided intracavitary High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy (BT) after External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) 2) To compare the loco-regional control of cancer at six months in the two arms MATERIALS/METHODS: In a prospective study, 40 patients with biopsy-proven LACC with FIGO-2018 stage IIB-IIIC1 disease, underwent EBRT to the pelvis at a dose of 50.4 Gy/ 28 fractions over 5.5 weeks with weekly concurrent cisplatin. After completion of EBRT, they were randomized into two arms with 20 patients each. In the Control arm (Arm-A), BT sessions were given with weekly 3 applications whereas, in the experimental arm (Arm-B), all the sessions were given with a single application at 6-12 hours intervals with aim of the high-risk clinical target volume receiving >80 Gy EQD2 and 2 cm3 of the bladder and rectum/sigmoid receiving <85 Gy and <75 Gy, respectively. The OAR contouring was done on CT RESULTS: All 40 patients were treated as per protocol. The mean duration of treatment including EBRT and BT was 73.15 days [95% CI 68.63-77.66] in Arm A and 55.85 days [95% CI 52.11-59.58] in Arm B which was significant. After 6 months, 37 patients came for follow-up, all 19 patients in Arm A had Grade 1 or Grade 2 rectal toxicity. In Arm B as well all 18 patients had Grade 1 or Grade 2 rectal toxicity. Bladder toxicity was Grade 1 or Grade 2 in 18 patients and Grade 3 severity in 1 patient among Arm A. Among 18 patients of Arm B, bladder toxicity of Grade 1 or Grade 2 was seen in 16 patients, and 2 patients had grade 3 toxicity. 2 patients in Arm A and 3 in Arm B complained of Grade 1 urinary incontinence. Moreover, Abdominal pain at 6 months was of Grade 1 in around 6 patients in Arm A but 14 patients had abdominal pain in Arm B which was of Grade 1 in 8, 4 had grade 2 and 2 patients had grade 3 severity abdominal pain. In the monthly analysis of acute toxicity, none of the patients showed Grade 3 or 4 toxicity at the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd month of completion of treatment. When comparing local control in both arms at 6 months, 2 patients had treatment failure in the Experimental Arm compared to only 1 patient in the Control Arm CONCLUSION: Single Application Multiple Fraction Intracavitary Brachytherapy post concurrent CTRT is a safe option for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. When compared to the weekly application arm, single-application ICRT showed a comparable acute toxicity profile and comparable local control rates as well. Some patients in Single Application Arm showed abdominal pain which needs to be investigated with further trials. The overall treatment time in the single application arm is significantly lower than the standard weekly application arm.
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Quench dynamics of edge states in a finite extended Su-Schrieffer-Heeger system. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:034102. [PMID: 37849185 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.034102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
We examine the quench dynamics of an extended Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model involving long-range hopping that can hold multiple topological phases. Using winding number diagrams to characterize the system's topological phases geometrically, it is shown that there can be multiple winding number transition paths for a quench between two topological phases. The dependence of the quench dynamics is studied in terms of the survival probability of the fermionic edge modes and postquench transport. For two quench paths between two topological regimes with the same initial and final topological phase, the survival probability of edge states is shown to be strongly dependent on the winding number transition path. This dependence is explained using energy band diagrams corresponding to the paths. Following this, the effect of the winding number transition path on transport is investigated. We find that the velocities of maximum transport channels varied along the winding number transition path. This variation depends on the path we choose, i.e., it increases or decreases depending upon the path. An analysis of the coefficient maps, energy spectrum, and spatial structure of the edge states of the final quench Hamiltonian provides an understanding of the path-dependent velocity variation phenomenon.
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Strong Constraints on Jet Quenching in Centrality-Dependent p+Pb Collisions at 5.02 TeV from ATLAS. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:072301. [PMID: 37656838 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.072301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Jet quenching is the process of color-charged partons losing energy via interactions with quark-gluon plasma droplets created in heavy-ion collisions. The collective expansion of such droplets is well described by viscous hydrodynamics. Similar evidence of collectivity is consistently observed in smaller collision systems, including pp and p+Pb collisions. In contrast, while jet quenching is observed in Pb+Pb collisions, no evidence has been found in these small systems to date, raising fundamental questions about the nature of the system created in these collisions. The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider has measured the yield of charged hadrons correlated with reconstructed jets in 0.36 nb^{-1} of p+Pb and 3.6 pb^{-1} of pp collisions at 5.02 TeV. The yields of charged hadrons with p_{T}^{ch}>0.5 GeV near and opposite in azimuth to jets with p_{T}^{jet}>30 or 60 GeV, and the ratios of these yields between p+Pb and pp collisions, I_{pPb}, are reported. The collision centrality of p+Pb events is categorized by the energy deposited by forward neutrons from the struck nucleus. The I_{pPb} values are consistent with unity within a few percent for hadrons with p_{T}^{ch}>4 GeV at all centralities. These data provide new, strong constraints that preclude almost any parton energy loss in central p+Pb collisions.
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Search for Heavy Neutral Leptons in Decays of W Bosons Using a Dilepton Displaced Vertex in sqrt[s]=13 TeV pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:061803. [PMID: 37625051 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.061803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
A search for a long-lived, heavy neutral lepton (N) in 139 fb^{-1} of sqrt[s]=13 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is reported. The N is produced via W→Nμ or W→Ne and decays into two charged leptons and a neutrino, forming a displaced vertex. The N mass is used to discriminate between signal and background. No signal is observed, and limits are set on the squared mixing parameters of the N with the left-handed neutrino states for the N mass range 3 GeV
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Test of CP Invariance in Higgs Boson Vector-Boson-Fusion Production Using the H→γγ Channel with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:061802. [PMID: 37625052 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.061802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
A test of CP invariance in Higgs boson production via vector-boson fusion has been performed in the H→γγ channel using 139 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The optimal observable method is used to probe the CP structure of interactions between the Higgs boson and electroweak gauge bosons, as described by an effective field theory. No sign of CP violation is observed in the data. Constraints are set on the parameters describing the strength of the CP-odd component in the coupling between the Higgs boson and the electroweak gauge bosons in two effective field theory bases: d[over ˜] in the HISZ basis and c_{HW[over ˜]} in the Warsaw basis. The results presented are the most stringent constraints on CP violation in the coupling between Higgs and weak bosons. The 95% C.L. constraint on d[over ˜] is derived for the first time and the 95% C.L. constraint on c_{HW[over ˜]} has been improved by a factor of 5 compared to the previous measurement.
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Neutrino-Induced Coherent π^{+} Production in C, CH, Fe, and Pb at ⟨E_{ν}⟩∼6 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:051801. [PMID: 37595210 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.051801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
MINERvA has measured the ν_{μ}-induced coherent π^{+} cross section simultaneously in hydrocarbon (CH), graphite (C), iron (Fe), and lead (Pb) targets using neutrinos from 2 to 20 GeV. The measurements exceed the predictions of the Rein-Sehgal and Berger-Sehgal PCAC based models at multi-GeV ν_{μ} energies and at produced π^{+} energies and angles, E_{π}>1 GeV and θ_{π}<10°. Measurements of the cross-section ratios of Fe and Pb relative to CH reveal the effective A scaling to increase from an approximate A^{1/3} scaling at few GeV to an A^{2/3} scaling for E_{ν}>10 GeV.
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The BR-body proteome contains a complex network of protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.18.524314. [PMID: 36712072 PMCID: PMC9882336 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.18.524314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial RNP bodies (BR-bodies) are non-membrane-bound structures that facilitate mRNA decay by concentrating mRNA substrates with RNase E and the associated RNA degradosome machinery. However, the full complement of proteins enriched in BR-bodies has not been defined. Here we define the protein components of BR-bodies through enrichment of the bodies followed by mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. We found 111 BR-body enriched proteins, including several RNA binding proteins, many of which are also recruited directly to in vitro reconstituted RNase E droplets, showing BR-bodies are more complex than previously assumed. While most BR-body enriched proteins that were tested cannot phase separate, we identified five that undergo RNA-dependent phase separation in vitro, showing other RNP condensates interface with BR-bodies. RNA degradosome protein clients are recruited more strongly to RNase E droplets than droplets of other RNP condensates, implying that client specificity is largely achieved through direct protein-protein interactions. We observe that some RNP condensates assemble with preferred directionally, suggesting that RNA may be trafficked through RNP condensates in an ordered manner to facilitate mRNA processing/decay, and that some BR-body associated proteins have the capacity to dissolve the condensate. Finally, we find that RNA dramatically stimulates the rate of RNase E phase separation in vitro, explaining the dissolution of BR-bodies after cellular mRNA depletion observed previously. Altogether, these results suggest that a complex network of protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions controls BR-body phase separation and RNA processing.
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Simultaneous Measurement of Muon Neutrino ν_{μ} Charged-Current Single π^{+} Production in CH, C, H_{2}O, Fe, and Pb Targets in MINERvA. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:011801. [PMID: 37478458 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.011801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Neutrino-induced charged-current single π^{+} production in the Δ(1232) resonance region is of considerable interest to accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments. In this Letter, high statistic differential cross sections are reported for the semiexclusive reaction ν_{μ}A→μ^{-}π^{+}+ nucleon(s) on scintillator, carbon, water, iron, and lead targets recorded by MINERvA using a wideband ν_{μ} beam with ⟨E_{ν}⟩≈6 GeV. Suppression of the cross section at low Q^{2} and enhancement of low T_{π} are observed in both light and heavy nuclear targets compared with phenomenological models used in current neutrino interaction generators. The cross sections per nucleon for iron and lead compared with CH across the kinematic variables probed are 0.8 and 0.5 respectively, a scaling which is also not predicted by current generators.
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Tri-modality therapy in advanced esophageal carcinoma: Long-term results and insights from a developing world, institutional cohort. Br J Radiol 2023; 96:20230150. [PMID: 37086063 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20230150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
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An audit of uterine perforation and its effect on the final outcome in an academic research medical center: An optimized balance between overall treatment time and medical crisis. J Contemp Brachytherapy 2023; 15:130-133. [PMID: 37215616 PMCID: PMC10196735 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2023.126441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intra-cavitary brachytherapy is an integral component of cervical cancer management, and uterine perforation is the most significant complication, which may lead to prolonged overall treatment time and decreased local control in these patients. Material and methods A retrospective analysis of cervical cancer patients who completed radiotherapy (external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy) in our department was conducted to determine the incidence, effect on overall treatment time, and final outcome in patients with uterine perforation during brachytherapy procedure. Results Among 55 women, of the 398 applications, 85 (21.36%) resulted in uterine perforation. Out of these 85 applications, treatment time was extended among 3 (3.5%) applications only, as re-insertion was done nearly after one week, while the remaining 82 (96.5%) applications were completed in time. At the time of analysis, the median follow-up was 12 months, and 32 patients were disease-free, 3 had distant metastatic disease, 2 had residual disease, and 18 were lost to follow-up. Conclusions In our study, uterine perforation incidence was found to be comparable with other centers worldwide. In asymptomatic and uncomplicated uterine perforation, treatment can be continued with computer-based optimized treatment plans without loading a specific dwell position and without affecting overall treatment time.
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95P Anticancer activity of Inula recemosa root extract in human liver cancer cell line by attenuation of OCT4/Sox2 axis. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
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Minimum standards of pelvic exenterative practice: PelvEx Collaborative guideline. Br J Surg 2022; 109:1251-1263. [PMID: 36170347 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This document outlines the important aspects of caring for patients who have been diagnosed with advanced pelvic cancer. It is primarily aimed at those who are establishing a service that adequately caters to this patient group. The relevant literature has been summarized and an attempt made to simplify the approach to management of these complex cases.
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Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1017013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct-seeded rice (DSR) can be a resource-efficient alternative to puddled transplanted rice (PTR), but weeds and nematodes pose severe challenges. Conservation agriculture (CA)-based DSR may inhibit/influence weeds/nematodes, which can be further intensified by adopting better weed control. Hence, this experiment was undertaken. Five CA-based DSR practices involving zero tillage, residue retention, brown manuring, and superimposed with four weed control/herbicide options were compared with PTR in a split-plot design replicated three times. All DSRs encountered more weeds and plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) than PTR. Root-knot nematodes (RKN) infested five among 14 weeds present in rice and was first time found in Dinebra retroflexa. A CA-based zero till (ZT)DSR+ mungbean residue – ZT wheat + rice residue – ZT mungbean+wheat residue system reduced weeds significantly. It reduced RKN galls in Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crusgalli, and rice plants by 72, 58, and 56%, respectively. In soil too, RKN and other PPNs, namely, Tylenchorhynchus brevilineatus and Pratylenchus thornei were reduced by 39%, 32%, and 26%, respectively, which gave a 6.3–22.7% higher yield in this CA practice than other DSRs. Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, cyhalofop-butyl, and bispyribac-Na applied sequentially reduced weeds and PPNs, increased rice yield by 176.1%, and were at below detectable levels in soil, rice grains, and straw, and were safe for rotational crops. The above ZT-based triple cropping with residue supplemented with herbicides through better weed and nematode control would be an alternative to PTR in the North-wester Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and in similar agroecologies of the tropics/sub-tropics. This study would help farmers and policymakers to design integrated weed and nematode management modules using tillage, crop residue, and herbicides/pesticides for higher DSR yield and income.
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Phase Ib study of eprenetapopt (APR-246) in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100573. [PMID: 36084396 PMCID: PMC9588880 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We conducted a phase I, multicenter, open-label, dose-finding, and expansion study to determine the safety and preliminary efficacy of eprenetapopt (APR-246) combined with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04383938). Patients and methods For dose-finding, requirements were non-central nervous system primary solid tumor, intolerant to/progressed after ≥1 line of treatment, and eligible for pembrolizumab; for expansion: (i) gastric/gastroesophageal junction tumor, intolerant to/progressed after first-line treatment, and no prior anti-programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy; (ii) bladder/urothelial tumor, intolerant to/progressed after first-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and no prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy; (iii) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with previous anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Patients received eprenetapopt 4.5 g/day intravenously (IV) on days 1-4 with pembrolizumab 200 mg IV on day 3 in each 21-day cycle. Primary endpoints were dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), adverse events (AEs), and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of eprenetapopt. Results Forty patients were enrolled (median age 66 years; range 27-85) and 37 received eprenetapopt plus pembrolizumab. No DLTs were reported and the RP2D for eprenetapopt in combination was 4.5 g/day IV on days 1-4. The most common eprenetapopt-related AEs were dizziness (35.1%), nausea (32.4%), and vomiting (29.7%). AEs leading to eprenetapopt discontinuation occurred in 2/37 patients (5.4%). In efficacy-assessable patients (n = 29), one achieved complete response (urothelial cancer), two achieved partial responses (NSCLC, urothelial cancer), and six patients had stable disease. Conclusions The eprenetapopt plus pembrolizumab combination was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile and showed clinical activity in patients with solid tumors. Eprenetapopt in combination with pembrolizumab was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile. Eprenetapopt plus pembrolizumab demonstrated clinical activity in heavily pre-treated patients with solid tumors. This is the first clinical trial evaluating the combination of a p53 reactivator with immuno-oncology therapy. This work informs the development of treatment combining immunotherapy with agents targeting specific pathways such as p53.
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EP16.03-024 Cellworks Singula™ Therapy Response Index (TRI) Identifies Superior OS Outcomes for NSCLC Patients: myCare-203A. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Observation of WWW Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:061803. [PMID: 36018638 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.061803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of WWW production and a measurement of its cross section using 139 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events with two same-sign leptons (electrons or muons) and at least two jets, as well as events with three charged leptons, are selected. A multivariate technique is then used to discriminate between signal and background events. Events from WWW production are observed with a significance of 8.0 standard deviations, where the expectation is 5.4 standard deviations. The inclusive WWW production cross section is measured to be 820±100 (stat)±80 (syst) fb, approximately 2.6 standard deviations from the predicted cross section of 511±18 fb calculated at next-to-leading-order QCD and leading-order electroweak accuracy.
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Measurement of inclusive charged-current
νμ
scattering on hydrocarbon at
⟨Eν⟩∼6 GeV
with low three-momentum transfer. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.032001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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MR elastography-based staging of liver fibrosis in Fontan procedure associated liver disease is confounded by effects of venous congestion. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:e776-e782. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Volumetric and Dosimetric Inconstancy of Parotid Glands and Tumor in Head and Neck Cancer during IMRT. Radiat Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.104745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of head and neck cancer using external beam radiotherapy is commonly done with three field techniques, which involves bilateral parallel opposed beams and one anterior lower neck field. Conventional treatment is based on 2D fluoroscopic images where there is no facility to shield the organs at risk like parotid. The most common side effect of such conventional radiotherapy treatment is xerostomia. The incidence of radiotherapy-related xerostomia varies depending on the specific radiotherapy technique used and the dose delivered to the parotid glands. Dosimetric variation in the tumor and normal tissue including parotid glands due to volume shrinkage during intensity modulated radiotherapy is the leading challenges in radiotherapy delivery in head and neck malignancy in terms of acute and late radiation related toxicities. Therefore if the planning target volume and normal tissue anatomy are changing with time during intensity modulated radiotherapy, it would be beneficial and acceptable to adapt our treatment delivery to minimize normal tissue toxicities where it really matters.
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Simultaneous Measurement of Proton and Lepton Kinematics in Quasielasticlike ν_{μ}-Hydrocarbon Interactions from 2 to 20 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:021803. [PMID: 35867435 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.021803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neutrino charged-current quasielastic-like scattering, a reaction category extensively used in neutrino oscillation measurements, probes nuclear effects that govern neutrino-nucleus interactions. This Letter reports the first measurement of the triple-differential cross section for ν_{μ} quasielastic-like reactions using the hydrocarbon medium of the MINERvA detector exposed to a wideband beam spanning 2≤E_{ν}≤20 GeV. The measurement maps the correlations among transverse and longitudinal muon momenta and summed proton kinetic energies, and compares them to predictions from a state-of-art simulation. Discrepancies are observed that likely reflect shortfalls with modeling of pion and nucleon intranuclear scattering and/or spectator nucleon ejection from struck nuclei. The separate determination of leptonic and hadronic variables can inform experimental approaches to neutrino-energy estimation.
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A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery. Nature 2022; 607:52-59. [PMID: 35788192 PMCID: PMC9259483 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04893-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The standard model of particle physics1-4 describes the known fundamental particles and forces that make up our Universe, with the exception of gravity. One of the central features of the standard model is a field that permeates all of space and interacts with fundamental particles5-9. The quantum excitation of this field, known as the Higgs field, manifests itself as the Higgs boson, the only fundamental particle with no spin. In 2012, a particle with properties consistent with the Higgs boson of the standard model was observed by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN10,11. Since then, more than 30 times as many Higgs bosons have been recorded by the ATLAS experiment, enabling much more precise measurements and new tests of the theory. Here, on the basis of this larger dataset, we combine an unprecedented number of production and decay processes of the Higgs boson to scrutinize its interactions with elementary particles. Interactions with gluons, photons, and W and Z bosons-the carriers of the strong, electromagnetic and weak forces-are studied in detail. Interactions with three third-generation matter particles (bottom (b) and top (t) quarks, and tau leptons (τ)) are well measured and indications of interactions with a second-generation particle (muons, μ) are emerging. These tests reveal that the Higgs boson discovered ten years ago is remarkably consistent with the predictions of the theory and provide stringent constraints on many models of new phenomena beyond the standard model.
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Regulatory Affairs, Quality Systems, Policy, and Ethics: THE NEW REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND EMERGING RESEARCH LANDSCAPE FOR CELL AND GENE THERAPY IN INDIA. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Echocardiographic characteristics of patients admitted with acute heart failure with a previous history of cancer: a single-centre observational study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Cancer and heart failure frequently co-exist, with cancer and chemotherapy exerting a number of pathological effects on the myocardium. Despite this, our understanding of the clinical impact of previous history of cancer in acute heart failure remains unclear. We therefore performed a retrospective cohort study to identify the echocardiographic characteristics in patients admitted with acute heart failure with and without a diagnosis of solid organ cancer.
Methods
Consecutive patients with signs and/or symptoms of acute heart failure admitted over a period of 33 weeks (7th January – 28th August 2020) were identified. Discharge summaries, electronic notes and shared care networks were manually searched to determine baseline demographics, admission bloods, comorbidities, cancer diagnoses, imaging and echocardiography. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify clinical and biochemical predictors of mortality.
Results
In total, 478 patients were admitted with acute heart failure over the study period (mean age 80 ± 11 years, 53.6% were male and mean NT pro-BNP was 9106). 386 had echocardiography available for review. Of these, 64 (16.6%) had a past or current history of solid organ cancer.
Patients with a past or current history of solid organ cancer had a significantly higher ejection fraction (48% (±9%) vs 44% (±11%), p = 0.003), higher incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (57.8% vs 33.5%, p < 0.001) and lower incidence of right ventricular impairment (defined using both visual inspection and TAPSE measurements) (25.0% vs 47.8%, p < 0.001).
There were no significant differences in any valvular pathologies between groups (overall prevalence 71.9% vs 71.7%, p = 0.982) No difference was observed between the rate of prior myocardial infarction (28.1% vs 26.0%, p = 0.727) or lung disease (34.4% vs 37.0%, p = 0.692).
Overall, mortality at six months follow up was significantly higher in the group with a current or previous cancer diagnosis (43.4% vs 32.0%, p = 0.046) compared to the group without.
Conclusion
Patients admitted with acute heart failure and a past or current history of cancer have a significantly higher ejection fraction and lower prevalence of right ventricular impairment. Despite the higher ejection fraction their prognosis is worse. Further work is needed to determine potential mechanisms for this, as well as its clinical implications. Abstract Figure. Six Month Survival Kaplan Meier Graph Abstract Figure. Echocardiogrpahic Features
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Virtual classroom proficiency-based progression for robotic surgery training (VROBOT): A prospective, cross-over, effectiveness study. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Search for Lepton-Flavor Violation in Z-Boson Decays with τ Leptons with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:271801. [PMID: 35061407 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.271801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A search for lepton-flavor-violating Z→eτ and Z→μτ decays with pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. This analysis uses 139 fb^{-1} of Run 2 pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV and is combined with the results of a similar ATLAS search in the final state in which the τ lepton decays hadronically, using the same data set as well as Run 1 data. The addition of leptonically decaying τ leptons significantly improves the sensitivity reach for Z→ℓτ decays. The Z→ℓτ branching fractions are constrained in this analysis to B(Z→eτ)<7.0×10^{-6} and B(Z→μτ)<7.2×10^{-6} at 95% confidence level. The combination with the previously published analyses sets the strongest constraints to date: B(Z→eτ)<5.0×10^{-6} and B(Z→μτ)<6.5×10^{-6} at 95% confidence level.
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Jumping in lantern bugs (Hemiptera, Fulgoridae). J Exp Biol 2021; 224:273404. [PMID: 34755862 PMCID: PMC8714067 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lantern bugs are amongst the largest of the jumping hemipteran bugs, with body lengths reaching 44 mm and masses reaching 0.7 g. They are up to 600 times heavier than smaller hemipterans that jump powerfully using catapult mechanisms to store energy. Does a similar mechanism also propel jumping in these much larger insects? The jumping performance of two species of lantern bugs (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, family Fulgoridae) from India and Malaysia was therefore analysed from high-speed videos. The kinematics showed that jumps were propelled by rapid and synchronous movements of both hind legs, with their trochantera moving first. The hind legs were 20–40% longer than the front legs, which was attributable to longer tibiae. It took 5–6 ms to accelerate to take-off velocities reaching 4.65 m s−1 in the best jumps by female Kalidasa lanata. During these jumps, adults experienced an acceleration of 77 g, required an energy expenditure of 4800 μJ and a power output of 900 mW, and exerted a force of 400 mN. The required power output of the thoracic jumping muscles was 21,000 W kg−1, 40 times greater than the maximum active contractile limit of muscle. Such a jumping performance therefore required a power amplification mechanism with energy storage in advance of the movement, as in their smaller relatives. These large lantern bugs are near isometrically scaled-up versions of their smaller relatives, still achieve comparable, if not higher, take-off velocities, and outperform other large jumping insects such as grasshoppers. Summary: Lantern bugs are large insects that jump at high-take-off velocities using a catapult mechanism that matches the performance of their much smaller planthopper relatives
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