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Sindi AM, Hosny KM, Rizg WY, Sabei FY, Madkhali OA, Bakkari MA, Alfayez E, Alkharobi H, Alghamdi SA, Banjar AA, Majrashi M, Alissa M. Utilization of experimental design in the formulation and optimization of hyaluronic acid-based nanoemulgel loaded with a turmeric-curry leaf oil nanoemulsion for gingivitis. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2184311. [PMID: 36846914 PMCID: PMC9980406 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2184311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous problems affect oral health, and intensive research is focused on essential oil-based nanoemulsions that might treat prevent or these problems. Nanoemulsions are delivery systems that enhance the distribution and solubility of lipid medications to targeted locations. Turmeric (Tur)- and curry leaf oil (CrO)-based nanoemulsions (CrO-Tur-self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems [SNEDDS]) were developed with the goal of improving oral health and preventing or treating gingivitis. They could be valuable because of their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory capabilities. CrO-Tur-SNEDDS formulations were produced using the response surface Box-Behnken design with different concentrations of CrO (120, 180, and 250 mg), Tur (20, 35, and 50 mg), and Smix 2:1 (400, 500, and 600 mg). The optimized formulation had a bacterial growth inhibition zone of up to 20 mm, droplet size of less than 140 nm, drug-loading efficiency of 93%, and IL-6 serum levels of between 950 ± 10 and 3000 ± 25 U/ml. The optimal formulation, which contained 240 mg of CrO, 42.5 mg of Tur, and 600 mg of Smix 2:1, was created using the acceptable design. Additionally, the best CrO-Tur-SNEDDS formulation was incorporated into a hyaluronic acid gel, and thereafter it had improved ex-vivo transbuccal permeability, sustained in-vitro release of Tur, and large bacterial growth suppression zones. The optimal formulation loaded into an emulgel had lower levels of IL-6 in the serum than the other formulations evaluated in rats. Therefore, this investigation showed that a CrO-Tur-SNEDDS could provide strong protection against gingivitis caused by microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M. Sindi
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,CONTACT Khaled M. Hosny , Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Y. Rizg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Y. Sabei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. Madkhali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Bakkari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alfayez
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa Alkharobi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar A Alghamdi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa A. Banjar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Majrashi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Banjar AA, Hassan SM, Alyafi RA, Alawady SA, Alghamdi MH, Baik KM. Self-perceived halitosis among young adults undergoing orthodontic treatment. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:479-486. [PMID: 34951749 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Halitosis is a common oral health problem that significantly impacts the quality of life of the affected individuals. In most cases, poor oral hygiene is responsible for the problem. Orthodontic therapy aims to correct malocclusion using different devices. It has been suggested that orthodontic treatment can promote gingival health by facilitating daily oral hygiene measures. However, the treatment may harm gingival health as these appliances may lead to a more significant accumulation of plaque, increasing the microbial load in the subgingival environment leading to halitosis. OBJECTIVE The primary goal of this survey is to assess the prevalence of self-perceived halitosis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online questionnaire was randomly distributed to patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. A total of 289 subjects completed the questionnaire. It included questions about: demographic data, medical history, social habits, past dental treatment and oral hygiene habits. Descriptive statistics as frequency distributions and percentages were calculated for the study variables. RESULTS The prevalence of self-perceived halitosis was 41.5%. The majority of the participants started to notice this problem during and after orthodontic treatment (62.5%). A statistically significant correlation was found between the regular dental visits and halitosis in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances (p-value = 0.010). Also, those patients had a substantial increase in tongue coating formation (p- value = 0.010). CONCLUSION Self-perceived halitosis is a common problem in patients receiving orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa A Banjar
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaymaa M Hassan
- Department of Oral medicine and periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cario, Egypt
| | - Rusha A Alyafi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara A Alawady
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Morouj H Alghamdi
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah M Baik
- Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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