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Guimarães RA, Monteiro LH, Teles SA, Fernandes IL, Rodovalho AG, Silva GC, Lucchese R, Vera I, Silva AC, Gregório VD, Ferreira PM, de Almeida MM, Guimarães VA, Amorim TA, de Souza MR. Risk behaviors for sexually transmitted infections in noninjecting drug users: A cross-sectional study. Int J STD AIDS 2018; 29:658-664. [PMID: 29393006 DOI: 10.1177/0956462417750332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate risk behaviors for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in noninjecting drug users (NIDUs), using STI diagnosis history as an indicator. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 323 NIDUs of two facilities for alcohol and/or drug dependence treatment in the Goiás State, Central Brazil. All participants were interviewed about risk behaviors and STI history. Multivariable analysis was performed in order to identify predictors of STIs. Adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) with confidence intervals of 95% was obtained using a Poisson regression model. Prevalence of self-reported STIs in the previous 12 months was 25.4% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 21.0-30.4%). A multivariable model verified that age (APR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.01), sexual contact with partners diagnosed with STIs (APR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.12-1.45) and injecting drug users (IDUs) (APR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.01-1.31), exchange sex for money and/or drugs (APR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02-1.21), and a history of sexual violence (APR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.04-1.32) were predictors of STIs. Elevated rates of STI history and risk behaviors were observed in NIDUs, supporting the vulnerability of this group for these infections. Public policies and health outreach should be intensified in this population, principally regular STI testing of individuals in treatment for drug dependence and their sexual partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A Guimarães
- 1 Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Luiz Hb Monteiro
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil
| | - Sheila A Teles
- 3 Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Inaina L Fernandes
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil
| | - Aurélio G Rodovalho
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil.,4 Municipal Secretary of Health, Catalão, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Graciele C Silva
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil
| | - Roselma Lucchese
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil
| | - Ivânia Vera
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil
| | - Andrécia C Silva
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil
| | - Valéria D Gregório
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thiago A Amorim
- 2 Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goiás, Catalão, Brazil
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Rodovalho RG, Rodrigues EL, Santos GS, Cavalcanti LM, Lima PR, Rodovalho AG, Vital RG, Gigonzac MAD, da Cruz AD. Development of a polymorphic short tandem repeat locus multiplex system for efficient human identification. Genet Mol Res 2017; 16:gmr-16-02-gmr.16029557. [PMID: 28387876 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16029557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a short tandem repeat (STR) multiplex system, made up of 22 highly informative STR loci, for application in forensic genetics. The system comprised 21 polymorphic autosomal loci (D3S1358, TH01, D21S11, D18S51, Penta E, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX, FGA, D2S441, D17S1301, D19S433, D18S853, D20S482, and D14S1434) and the amelogenin gene locus. Strategies were developed to overcome the challenges involved in creating a multiplex system. Based on the literature and available databases, the STR loci were selected with the aim to obtain discriminatory markers, and followed specific criteria for this purpose. Primers were projected using the Primer3 software, and AutoDimer was used to evaluate possible interactions between them. The 22 selected STR loci were validated individually and jointly, both to assess their sensitivity and to test the efficiency of the multiplex system. Statistical analyses were based on the genetic data of 450 unrelated individuals living in the State of Goiás, thus allowing the establishment of the parameters necessary to use this system. A total of 239 alleles were detected for the 22 loci in the set, allowing for a probability of identity of 4.23 x 10-25 to be obtained. The combined power of discrimination was 0.999999999999999999999999 and the combined power of exclusion was 0.99999. Upon complete validation of the entire system, this multiplex assay was considered to be a powerful tool for application in human identification by DNA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Rodovalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Rede Pró Centro-Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil .,Laboratório Biocroma - Clínica de Exames de DNA, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - E L Rodrigues
- Promega Corporation, Departamento de Identificação Humana, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - G S Santos
- Laboratório Biocroma - Clínica de Exames de DNA, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - L M Cavalcanti
- Laboratório Biocroma - Clínica de Exames de DNA, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - P R Lima
- Laboratório Biocroma - Clínica de Exames de DNA, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - A G Rodovalho
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Gestão Organizacional - Mestrado Profissional, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Catalão, GO, Brasil
| | - R G Vital
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, Brasil
| | - M A D Gigonzac
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Rede Pró Centro-Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Departamento de Biologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Biologia Molecular, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - A D da Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Rede Pró Centro-Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Departamento de Biologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Biologia Molecular, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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