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Chen H, Shi M, Gilam A, Zheng Q, Zhang Y, Afrikanova I, Li J, Gluzman Z, Jiang R, Kong LJ, Chen-Tsai RY. Hemophilia A ameliorated in mice by CRISPR-based in vivo genome editing of human Factor VIII. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16838. [PMID: 31727959 PMCID: PMC6856096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemophilia A is a monogenic disease with a blood clotting factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency caused by mutation in the factor VIII (F8) gene. Current and emerging treatments such as FVIII protein injection and gene therapies via AAV-delivered F8 transgene in an episome are costly and nonpermanent. Here, we describe a CRISPR/Cas9-based in vivo genome editing method, combined with non-homologous end joining, enabling permanent chromosomal integration of a modified human B domain deleted-F8 (BDD-F8) at the albumin (Alb) locus in liver cells. To test the approach in mice, C57BL/6 mice received tail vein injections of two vectors, AAV8-SaCas9-gRNA, targeting Alb intron 13, and AAV8-BDD-F8. This resulted in BDD-F8 insertion at the Alb locus and FVIII protein expression in the liver of vector-, but not vehicle-, treated mice. Using this approach in hemophilic mice, BDD-F8 was expressed in liver cells as functional human FVIII, leading to increased plasma levels of FVIII and restoration of blood clotting properties in a dose-dependent manor for at least 7 months, with no detectable liver toxicity or meaningful off-target effects. Based on these findings, our BDD-F8 genome editing approach may offer an efficacious, long-term and safe treatment for patients with hemophilia A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Chen
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Mi Shi
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Avital Gilam
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Qi Zheng
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Yin Zhang
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Ivka Afrikanova
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Jinling Li
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Zoya Gluzman
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Ruhong Jiang
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA
| | - Ling-Jie Kong
- Applied Stemcell, Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035, USA.
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Yoffe L, Polsky A, Gilam A, Raff C, Mecacci F, Ognibene A, Crispi F, Gratacós E, Kanety H, Mazaki-Tovi S, Shomron N, Hod M. Early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus using circulating microRNAs. Eur J Endocrinol 2019; 181:565-577. [PMID: 31539877 DOI: 10.1530/eje-19-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
DESIGN Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications and its prevalence is constantly rising worldwide. Diagnosis is commonly in the late second or early third trimester of pregnancy, though the development of GDM starts early; hence, first-trimester diagnosis is feasible. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to identify microRNAs that best distinguish GDM samples from those of healthy pregnant women and to evaluate the predictive value of microRNAs for GDM detection in the first trimester. METHODS We investigated the abundance of circulating microRNAs in the plasma of pregnant women in their first trimester. Two populations were included in the study to enable population-specific as well as cross-population inspection of expression profiles. Each microRNA was tested for differential expression in GDM vs control samples, and their efficiency for GDM detection was evaluated using machine-learning models. RESULTS Two upregulated microRNAs (miR-223 and miR-23a) were identified in GDM vs the control set, and validated on a new cohort of women. Using both microRNAs in a logistic-regression model, we achieved an AUC value of 0.91. We further demonstrated the overall predictive value of microRNAs using several types of multivariable machine-learning models that included the entire set of expressed microRNAs. All models achieved high accuracy when applied on the dataset (mean AUC = 0.77). The significance of the classification results was established via permutation tests. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that circulating microRNAs are potential biomarkers for GDM in the first trimester. This warrants further examination and lays the foundation for producing a novel early non-invasive diagnostic tool for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Yoffe
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avital Polsky
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avital Gilam
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chen Raff
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Federico Mecacci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Fatima Crispi
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hannah Kanety
- Institute of Endocrinology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Shali Mazaki-Tovi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moshe Hod
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
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Gilam A, Shai A, Ashkenazi I, Sarid LA, Drobot A, Bickel A, Shomron N. MicroRNA regulation of progesterone receptor in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25963-25976. [PMID: 28404930 PMCID: PMC5432230 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormone receptor status is of significant value when deciding on anti-estrogenic adjuvant therapy for breast cancer tumors. However, while estrogen receptor (ER) regulation was intensively studied, the regulation of progesterone receptor (PR) levels has not been extensively investigated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are post-transcriptional negative regulators of gene expression involved in diverse cellular processes. The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs that regulate PR in breast cancer.We mapped potential miRNA binding sites for miR-181a, miR-23a and miR-26b on PR mRNA and demonstrated a direct regulation of PR by these three miRNAs by in-vitro Luciferase binding assays. Over-expression of each miRNA in MCF-7 cells resulted in a reduction in the expression levels of PR mRNA. Then, expression levels of these miRNAs were measured in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) samples of 29 ER-positive breast cancer tumors and adjacent normal breast tissues. A significant reciprocal correlation between PR mRNA and the miRNA levels were identified suggesting a role for miR-181a, miR-23a and miR-26b in PR regulation in breast cancer. Moreover, the average expression fold-changes of the three miRNAs between cancerous and normal tissues displayed an opposite trend when analyzing according to Immuno-histochemistry(IHC) status. Furthermore, miR-181a and miR-26b were found to be over-expressed in most tumor tissues supporting their role in ER-positive breast cancer development. We conclude that miR-181a, miR-23a and miR-26b act as negative regulators of PR expression in ER-positive breast cancer. The diagnostic and prognostic potential of these miRNAs in breast cancer should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Gilam
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayelet Shai
- Oncology Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Bar Illan University, Zefad, Israel
| | | | - Liat Appel Sarid
- Oncology Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Bar Illan University, Zefad, Israel
| | - Assi Drobot
- Oncology Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Amitai Bickel
- Oncology Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Bar Illan University, Zefad, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Gilam A, Conde J, Weissglas-Volkov D, Oliva N, Friedman E, Artzi N, Shomron N. Local microRNA delivery targets Palladin and prevents metastatic breast cancer. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12868. [PMID: 27641360 PMCID: PMC5031803 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause for mortality in breast cancer. MicroRNAs, gene expression master regulators, constitute an attractive candidate to control metastasis. Here we show that breast cancer metastasis can be prevented by miR-96 or miR-182 treatment, and decipher the mechanism of action. We found that miR-96/miR-182 downregulate Palladin protein levels, thereby reducing breast cancer cell migration and invasion. A common SNP, rs1071738, at the miR-96/miR-182-binding site within the Palladin 3'-UTR abolishes miRNA:mRNA binding, thus diminishing Palladin regulation by these miRNAs. Regulation is successfully restored by applying complimentary miRNAs. A hydrogel-embedded, gold-nanoparticle-based delivery vehicle provides efficient local, selective, and sustained release of miR-96/miR-182, markedly suppressing metastasis in a breast cancer mouse model. Combined delivery of the miRNAs with a chemotherapy drug, cisplatin, enables significant primary tumour shrinkage and metastasis prevention. Our data corroborate the role of miRNAs in metastasis, and suggest miR-96/miR-182 delivery as a potential anti-metastatic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Gilam
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - João Conde
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Daphna Weissglas-Volkov
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nuria Oliva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel-Hashomer, 52621 Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.,Department of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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Shai A, Gilam A, Steiner M, Shomron N. microRNAs and the expression of the progesterone receptor in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.e11529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Shai
- Oncology, Lin and Carmel Medical Centers, Clalit Health Services, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avital Gilam
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mariana Steiner
- Oncology, Lin and Carmel Medical Centers, Clalit Health Services, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Shai A, Gilam A, Steiner M, Shomron N. Involvement of microRNA in the regulation of progesterone receptor in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
578 Background: The progesterone receptor (PgR) is a prognostic factor in ER positive breast cancers treated by adjuvant hormonal treatment. While PgR protein is usually assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT-PCR measurement of mRNA levels is provided by Oncotype Dx and other tests. Between 20-40% of tumors are discrepant in IHC and RT-PCR PgR expression, reflecting either technical problems or biological mechanisms. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression either at the mRNA or the protein translation level. Our hypothesis is that the latter potentially explains discrepancies between IHC and RT-PCR results. Methods: ER positive tumors were divided to three groups by PgR expression according to IHC and RT-PCR: (i) positive by IHC; (ii) negative by IHC and high mRNA levels by RT-PCR; (iii) negative by IHC and low mRNA levels by RT-PCR. RNA was extracted from tumors and adjacent normal tissue and the expression of PgR and microRNAs was assessed by RT-PCR. In addition, microRNAs were transfected into MCF-7 cells. The levels of PgR mRNA and protein were analyzed. Results: The PgR gene contains potential conserved binding sites for MicroRNAs 23a, 181a, 135a and 26b. Of these, miR- 23a and miR-181a showed inverse expression relative to the PgR expression in normal and tumor tissue, as expected. MicroRNA levels were determined in tumors of all three groups. The highest expression of microRNAs 23a, 181a and 26b was seen in IHC negative tumors with low levels of mRNA. Intermediate expression was seen in IHC negative tumors with high mRNA levels, and the lowest expression was detected in IHC positive tumors. Preliminary results suggest that over expression of microRNAs 23a, 181a and 26b in MCF7 cells decreased PgR levels. Conclusions: Our results suggest that microRNAs 23a , 181a and 26b regulate the level of the progesterone receptor in breast cancer and that tumors with relatively high mRNA levels may be deficient in PgR protein due to downregulation by microRNAs. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Shai
- Oncology, Lin and Carmel Medical Centers, Clalit Health Services, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avital Gilam
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mariana Steiner
- Oncology, Lin and Carmel Medical Centers, Clalit Health Services, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Gilam A. The burial grounds controversy between Anglo-Jewry and the Victorian Board of Health, 1850. Jew Soc Stud 1983; 45:147-156. [PMID: 11617554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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