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Kunz P, Paulisch M, Osenberg M, Bischof B, Manke I, Nieken U. Prediction of Electrolyte Distribution in Technical Gas Diffusion Electrodes: From Imaging to SPH Simulations. Transp Porous Media 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-020-01396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe performance of the gas diffusion electrode (GDE) is crucial for technical processes like chlorine–alkali electrolysis. The function of the GDE is to provide an intimate contact between gaseous reactants, the solid catalyst, and the liquid electrolyte. To accomplish this, the GDE is composed of wetting and non-wetting materials to avoid electrolyte breakthrough. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of the electrolyte in the porous structure is a prerequisite for further improvement of GDE. Therefore, the ability of the electrolyte to imbibe into the porous electrode is studied by direct numeric simulations in a reconstructed porous electrode. The information on the geometry, including the information on silver and PTFE distribution of the technical GDE, is extracted from FIB/SEM imaging including a segmentation into the different phases. Modeling of wetting phenomena inside the GDE is challenging, since surface tension and wetting of the electrolyte on silver and PTFE surfaces must be included in a physically consistent manner. Recently, wetting was modeled from first principles on the continuum scale by introducing a contact line force. Here, the newly developed contact line force model is employed to simulate two-phase flow in the solid microstructures using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. In this contribution, we present the complete workflow from imaging of the GDE to dynamic SPH simulations of the electrolyte intrusion process. The simulations are used to investigate the influence of addition of non-wetting PTFE as well as the application of external pressure differences between the electrolyte and the gas phase on the intrusion process.
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Lüthy E, Rösli R, Bischof B. Das Verhalten des Herzglykogens bei normalen und hypertrophierenden Rattenherzen nach ACTH und STH. Cardiology 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000166874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Jeger O, Bischof B, Ruzicka L. Zur Kenntnis der Triterpene. 131. Mitteilung. Über die oxydative Spaltung des Ringes C in der 2-Desoxy-echinocystsäure. Helv Chim Acta 2004; 31:1319-24. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19480310517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bischof B, Jeger O. Zur Kenntnis der Triterpene. 134. Mitteilung. Über die Identität des Genins A aus den Wurzeln der Primula officinalisJacquinund Primula elatiorJacquinmit 2, 16 (oder 22), 28-Trioxy-oleanen. Helv Chim Acta 2004; 31:1760. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19480310641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bischof B, Jeger O, Ruzicka L. Zur Kenntnis der Triterpene. 143. Mitteilung. Über die Lage der zweiten sekundären Hydroxyl-Gruppe in Echinocystsäure, Quillajasäure, Maniladiol und Genin A (aus Primula officinalisJacquin). Über die Konstitution der Oleanolsäure. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19490320615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Schaumburg-Lever G, Lever I, Fehrenbacher B, Möller H, Bischof B, Kaiserling E, Garbe C, Rassner G. Melanocytes in nevi and melanomas synthesize basement membrane and basement membrane-like material. An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study including immunoelectron microscopy. J Cutan Pathol 2000; 27:67-75. [PMID: 10678701 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2000.027002067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Light microscopic studies have shown that nevus cell nests and melanoma nests are surrounded by basement membrane (BM) material containing type IV collagen and laminin. This study confirms this by electron microscopy and relates it to proteins which interact with the basement membrane. Nevi except for dysplastic and Spitz nevi, malignant melanomas, and melanoma metastases were studied by immunohistopathology, routine electron microscopy (EM), and immunoelectron microscopy. The lesions were incubated with monoclonal antibody (moAb) against type IV collagen, laminin, and the integrin alpha6 and studied by light microscopy. In addition, melanomas were studied by immuno-EM after incubation with a moAb against matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Nevus cell nests and melanoma nests are surrounded by BM material containing type IV collagen and laminin by immuno-EM. The BM material various in thickness and is amorphous. Type IV collagen, laminin, and MMP-2 are synthesized by melanoma cells as well as adjacent fibroblasts. Destruction or loss of the BM is not mandatory for melanoma invasion or even metastasis. Possibly the BM material is a protective wall for melanoma cells. Interactions between melanocytes and the extracellular matrix of which the BM is a part, can be traced back to the migration of melanocytes from the neural crest.
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Schaumburg-Lever G, Lever I, Fehrenbacher B, Möller H, Bischof B, Blum A. Melanocytes in Nevi and melanomas synthesize basement membrane and basement membrane-like material. J Dermatol Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-1811(98)83624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wittels P, Rosenmayr G, Bischof B, Hartter E, Haber P. Aerobic fitness and sympatho-adrenal response to short-term psycho-emotional stress under field conditions. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1994; 68:418-24. [PMID: 8076622 DOI: 10.1007/bf00843739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A possible relationship between aerobic fitness (AF), measured by maximal cycle ergometry (CE) and sympatho-adrenal response to acute, short lasting psycho-emotional stress was investigated by monitoring heart rate (fc) and excretion of catecholamines. The activation of the sympatho-adrenal system was characterised by the noradrenaline: adrenaline ratio. A group of 11 healthy men [22.8 (SD 2.52) years] lived under identical environmental conditions; their mean maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was 47.1 (SD 3.9) ml.min-1.kg-1. After the physiological and psychological laboratory tests had been completed the fc of the subjects was monitored continuously during the "guerilla slide" and "parachute jump by night", two emotionally stressful military tasks. Maximal fc (fc, max) attained during these events was 84.5% and 83% of fc, max during CE (fc, max, CE), respectively. A significant relationship (r = -0.92, P < 0.0002) between fc, max reached during the stressful tasks and VO2max was found only for the guerilla slide, which was preceded by physical strain, sleep deprivation and energy deficit. One subject with some prior experience in parachuting showed the lowest fc response and the lowest sympatho-adrenal activation in both events, independent of the degree of AF. In conclusion, AF was found to influence the sympatho-adrenal and fc response to acute, short-lasting emotional stress when the stressful event was aggravated by preceding physical strain, the magnitude of the stress response depending largely on individual experience and effective mechanisms for coping with specific stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wittels
- Research Study Group on Physical Performance, Army Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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Bischof B, Budras KD. The topography of the lymph heart in the domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus). Lymphology 1993; 26:177-85. [PMID: 8121195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Although at the time of hatching, the lymph heart of the domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus) is usually considered to have atrophied, our findings suggest otherwise. Apart from the lymphatic-venous (L-V) anastomoses between the thoracoabdominal lymph trunks and the superior vena cava in the chest, there are two other L-V anastomoses in the sacral region. These L-V communications connect the lymph heart with three inter-segmental veins and with the L-V sinus of the dura mater. The topography of the lymph heart was demonstrated using direct and indirect blue dye injections depending on the age of the chicken. Lymphatic continuity was noted up to the 15th week of age from lymphatics of the hindlimb into the lymph heart via the thoracoabdominal lymph trunk, including communications of the lymph heart with the venous system and dural sinus. At 16 weeks of age, lymph flow apparently ceases caudally, but continues superiorly into the venous system. In the egg, the lymph heart may help propel interstitial fluid in the motionless fetus. After hatching, the lymph heart may facilitate fluid propulsion through L-V communications in the spinal canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bischof
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, Germany
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Wintzer HJ, vd Bossche G, Ludwig H, Bischof B. [Infectious course of equine herpesvirus 1 infection in a riding stable]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 1987; 94:149-52. [PMID: 3032556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Gathmann P, Bischof B. [What does psychotherapy accomplish in the treatment of psychosomatic disorders?]. Wien Med Wochenschr 1986; 136:486-90. [PMID: 3811374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Psychosomatic disorders are epidemiologically so frequent as often accompanied by psychic (anxiety), vegetative, and psychiatric (depression) symptoms. Efficient psychotherapy of psychosomatic disorders must therefore influence vegetative (peripheric) and central arousal as well as deficient coping strategies. The latter trigger pathologic psychosomatic reaction patterns in (mostly) specific distressfull situations. Psychotherapy of psychosomatic disorders effects: Relaxation of the overactivated and stimulation of the desactivated, a shift of the patient's exclusively somatic attribution of the disease to a psychosomatic one, more efficient coping strategies, a break-up of the pattern "conflict - emotion - vegetative irritation - physiologic reaction".
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Bischof B. [Headache in the practice of internal medicine]. Ther Umsch 1986; 43:202-7. [PMID: 3961718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Bandhauer K, Bischof B. [Superficial papillary bladder cancer and carcinoma in situ]. Helv Chir Acta 1985; 52:467-8. [PMID: 4066375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Gmür J, Bischof B, Coninx S, Bucher U, Poretti G, Henrichs K, Kaul A, Roedler HD, Büttner K, Frick PG. Spontaneous hematologic recovery from bone marrow aplasia after accidental tenfold overdosage with radiophosphorus. Blood 1983; 61:746-50. [PMID: 6831038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Two patients with polycythemia vera received intravenously an accidental tenfold overdosage of radiophosphorus therapy (60 and 50 mCi 32P, respectively). In both patients, the occurrence of hemorrhagic complications 3 wk after the 32P medication led to detection of the error and referral to our hospital. Upon admission they showed an agranulocytosis, severe thrombocytopenia, and bone marrow aplasia. In both cases, spontaneous recovery of the hematopoiesis was observed from day 40 posttreatment onward. In one patient, a slow but ultimately complete normalization of blood counts and marrow morphology took place, whereas in the other, a mild thrombocytopenia persists. Nearly 5 yr after the accidental overdosage, both patients are clinically well. Symptoms of polycythemia vera have not reappeared up to now. Attempts were made to evaluate the radiation dose absorbed by the bone marrow. In the first patient, the daily 32P excretion was determined from day 22 to day 60, whereas in the other patient a whole body count was performed on day 78 after administration. From these results, an approximate cumulative bone marrow dose of 10 Sv (1000 rem) could be calculated.
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Abstract
Over a 4 1/2 year period (1973-77) 41 individuals in a village in eastern Switzerland (population 3000) were admitted to hospital because of acute hepatitis B. This hepatitis incidence was much higher than that in surrounding villages and that in the whole country. An epidemiological survey showed that one of the two general practitioners in the affected village was the source of infection. He had a chronic aggressive hepatitis associated with circulating hepatitis B surface and e antigen. No new cases of hepatitis B occurred in the village in the 3 years after his death.
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Bischof B. [Semiquantitative test of renal function]. Folia Clin Int (Barc) 1969; 19:444-7. [PMID: 5397585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Bischof B, Märki HH, Wuhrmann F. The disgnostic significance of fractionation of sera with paraproteins by gel filtration. Helv Med Acta 1968; 34:265-74. [PMID: 4174756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bischof B. [Drug therapy in hemoblastosis]. Folia Clin Int (Barc) 1968; 18:365-8. [PMID: 4988909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Bischof B, Märki HH, Wuhrmann F. [On the diagnostic significance of fractionating paraprotein containing serums on Sephadex-gel]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1967; 97:1459-60. [PMID: 4969770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Bischof B. [Hyperthyroidism]. Folia Clin Int (Barc) 1967; 17:427-33 contd. [PMID: 4182980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ruzicka L, Bischof B, Taylor EC, Meyer A, Jeger O. Zur kenntnis der triterpene. Über zusammenhänge zwischen gypsogenin, hederagenin und quillajasäure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1950. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc19500893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Bischof B, Jeger O. Zur Kenntnis der Triterpene. 130. Mitteilung. Herstellung von ?12,13-2, 7-Dioxy-oleanen, ausgehend von Sumaresinols�ure. Helv Chim Acta 1948; 31:1205-8. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19480310504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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