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Shiravani G, Oberrecht D, Roscher L, Kernchen S, Halbach M, Gerriets M, Scholz-Böttcher BM, Gerdts G, Badewien TH, Wurpts A. Numerical modeling of microplastic interaction with fine sediment under estuarine conditions. Water Res 2023; 231:119564. [PMID: 36680823 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is an important challenge for human life which has consequently affected the natural system of other organisms. Mismanagement and also careless handling of plastics in daily life has led to an accelerating contamination of air, water and soil compartments with MP. Under estuarine conditions, interactions with suspended particulate matter (SPM) like fine sediment in the water column play an important role on the fate of MP. Further studies to better understand the corresponding transport and accumulation mechanisms are required. This paper aims at providing a new modeling approach improving the MP settling velocity formulation based on higher suspended fine sediment concentrations, as i.e. existent in estuarine turbidity zones (ETZ). The capability of the suggested approach is examined through the modeling of released MP transport in water and their interactions with fine sediment (cohesive sediment/fluid mud). The model results suggest higher concentrations of MP in ETZ, both in the water column as well as the bed sediment, which is also supported by measurements. The key process in the modeling approach is the integration of small MP particles into estuarine fine sediment aggregates. This is realized by means of a threshold sediment concentration, above which the effective MP settling velocity increasingly approaches that of the sediment aggregates. The model results are in good agreement with measured MP mass concentrations. Moreover, the model results also show that lighter small MP particles can easier escape the ETZ towards the open sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Shiravani
- Lower Saxony Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Conservation Agency (NLWKN), D-26506, Norden, Germany.
| | - D Oberrecht
- Lower Saxony Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Conservation Agency (NLWKN), D-26506, Norden, Germany
| | - L Roscher
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, D-27483, Helgoland, Germany
| | - S Kernchen
- University of Bayreuth, Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - M Halbach
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - M Gerriets
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - B M Scholz-Böttcher
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - G Gerdts
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, D-27483, Helgoland, Germany
| | - T H Badewien
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - A Wurpts
- Lower Saxony Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Conservation Agency (NLWKN), D-26506, Norden, Germany
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Baum G, Kegler P, Scholz-Böttcher BM, Alfiansah YR, Abrar M, Kunzmann A. Metabolic performance of the coral reef fish Siganus guttatus exposed to combinations of water borne diesel, an anionic surfactant and elevated temperature in Indonesia. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 110:735-746. [PMID: 26965092 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Jakarta Bay in Indonesia and its offshore island chain, the Thousand Islands, are facing extreme pollution. Surfactants and diesel-borne compounds from sewage and bilge water discharges are common pollutants. However, knowledge of their effects on reef fish physiology is scarce. This study investigated combined and single effects of a) the water accommodated fraction of diesel (WAF-D, determined by ƩEPA polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) and b) the surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on metabolic performance of the coral reef fish Siganus guttatus. Responses to combinations of each pollutant with elevated temperature (+3°C) were determined. Short-term exposure to WAF-D led to a significant decrease in standard metabolic rates, while LAS led to an increase. During combined exposure, metabolic depression was observed. Effects of pollutants were not amplified by elevated temperature. This study highlights the need to reduce import of these pollutants and to avoid negative long-term effects on fish health.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Baum
- Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT) Bremen GmbH, Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - P Kegler
- Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT) Bremen GmbH, Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - B M Scholz-Böttcher
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Postfach 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Y R Alfiansah
- Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT) Bremen GmbH, Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - M Abrar
- Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Pasir Putih I Ancol Timur, 14430 Jakarta Utara, Indonesia
| | - A Kunzmann
- Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT) Bremen GmbH, Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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