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Song H, Tomasevich A, Acheampong KK, Schaff DL, Shaffer SM, Dolle JP, Johnson VE, Mikytuck B, Lee EB, Nolan A, Keene CD, Weiss SR, Stewart W, Smith DH. Detection of blood-brain barrier disruption in brains of patients with COVID-19, but no evidence of brain penetration by SARS-CoV-2. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:771-775. [PMID: 37624381 PMCID: PMC10592095 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02624-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury and Repair, University of Pennsylvania, 3320 Smith Walk, 105 Hayden Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alexandra Tomasevich
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury and Repair, University of Pennsylvania, 3320 Smith Walk, 105 Hayden Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kofi K Acheampong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Dylan L Schaff
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Sydney M Shaffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Dolle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury and Repair, University of Pennsylvania, 3320 Smith Walk, 105 Hayden Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Victoria E Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury and Repair, University of Pennsylvania, 3320 Smith Walk, 105 Hayden Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bailey Mikytuck
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amber Nolan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susan R Weiss
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
- Penn Center for Research on Coronaviruses and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - William Stewart
- School of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
- Department of Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Douglas H Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury and Repair, University of Pennsylvania, 3320 Smith Walk, 105 Hayden Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Viera Ortiz AP, Cajka G, Olatunji OA, Mikytuck B, Shalem O, Lee EB. Impaired ribosome-associated quality control of C9orf72 arginine-rich dipeptide-repeat proteins. Brain 2022:6896481. [PMID: 36516294 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Protein quality control pathways have evolved to ensure the fidelity of protein synthesis and efficiently clear potentially toxic protein species. Defects in ribosome-associated quality control and its associated factors have been implicated in the accumulation of aberrant proteins and neurodegeneration. C9orf72 repeat-associated non-AUG translation has been suggested to involve inefficient translation elongation, lead to ribosomal pausing and activation of ribosome-associated quality control pathways. However, the role of the ribosome-associated quality control complex in the processing of proteins generated through this non-canonical translation is not well understood. Here we utilize reporter constructs containing the C9orf72-associated hexanucleotide repeat, ribosome-associated quality control complex deficient cell models and stain for ribosome-associated quality control markers in C9orf72-expansion carrier human tissue to understand its role in dipeptide repeat protein pathology. Our studies show that canonical ribosome-associated quality control substrates products are efficiently cleared by the ribosome-associated quality control complex in mammalian cells. Furthermore, using stalling reporter constructs, we show that repeats associated with the C9orf72-expansion induce ribosomal stalling when arginine (R)-rich dipeptide-repeat proteins are synthesized in a length-dependent manner. However, despite triggering this pathway, these arginine-rich dipeptide-repeat proteins are not efficiently processed by the core components of the ribosome-associated quality control complex (listerin, nuclear export mediator factor (NEMF) and valosin containing protein (VCP)) partly due to lack of lysine residues which precludes ubiquitination. Deficient processing by this complex may be implicated in C9orf72-expansion associated disease as dipeptide-repeat protein inclusions were observed to be predominantly devoid of ubiquitin and co-localize with NEMF in mutation carriers’ frontal cortex and cerebellum tissue. These findings suggest that impaired processing of these arginine-rich dipeptide-repeat proteins derived from repeat-associated non-AUG translation by the ribosome-associated quality control complex may contribute to protein homeostasis dysregulation observed in C9orf72-expansion amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal degeneration neuropathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley P Viera Ortiz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA
| | - Gregory Cajka
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA
| | - Olamide A Olatunji
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA
| | - Bailey Mikytuck
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA
| | - Ophir Shalem
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA
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Kim B, Suh E, Nguyen AT, Prokop S, Mikytuck B, Olatunji OA, Robinson JL, Grossman M, Phillips JS, Irwin DJ, Mechanic-Hamilton D, Wolk DA, Trojanowski JQ, McMillan CT, Van Deerlin VM, Lee EB. TREM2 risk variants are associated with atypical Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:1085-1102. [PMID: 36112222 PMCID: PMC9643636 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has multiple clinically and pathologically defined subtypes where the underlying causes of such heterogeneity are not well established. Rare TREM2 variants confer significantly increased risk for clinical AD in addition to other neurodegenerative disease clinical phenotypes. Whether TREM2 variants are associated with atypical clinical or pathologically defined subtypes of AD is not known. We studied here the clinical and pathological features associated with TREM2 risk variants in an autopsy-confirmed cohort. TREM2 variant cases were more frequently associated with non-amnestic clinical syndromes. Pathologically, TREM2 variant cases were associated with an atypical distribution of neurofibrillary tangle density with significantly lower hippocampal NFT burden relative to neocortical NFT accumulation. In addition, NFT density but not amyloid burden was associated with an increase of dystrophic microglia. TREM2 variant cases were not associated with an increased prevalence, extent, or severity of co-pathologies. These clinicopathological features suggest that TREM2 variants contribute to clinical and pathologic AD heterogeneity by altering the distribution of neurofibrillary degeneration and tau-dependent microglial dystrophy, resulting in hippocampal-sparing and non-amnestic AD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Kim
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 613A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - EunRan Suh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aivi T Nguyen
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 613A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Stefan Prokop
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bailey Mikytuck
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 613A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Olamide A Olatunji
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 613A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John L Robinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Department of Neurology, Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Phillips
- Department of Neurology, Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Department of Neurology, Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dawn Mechanic-Hamilton
- Department of Neurology, Penn Memory Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, Penn Memory Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Corey T McMillan
- Department of Neurology, Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 613A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Kim B, Mikytuck B, Suh E, Gibbons GS, Van Deerlin VM, Vaishnavi SN, Spindler MA, Massimo L, Grossman M, Trojanowski JQ, Irwin DJ, Lee EB. Tau immunotherapy is associated with glial responses in FTLD-tau. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 142:243-257. [PMID: 33950293 PMCID: PMC8270872 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) are neuropathologic subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau inclusions (FTLD-tau), primary tauopathies in which intracellular tau aggregation contributes to neurodegeneration. Gosuranemab (BIIB092) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to N-terminal tau. While Gosuranemab passive immunotherapy trials for PSP failed to demonstrate clinical benefit, Gosuranemab reduced N-terminal tau in the cerebrospinal fluid of transgenic mouse models and PSP patients. However, the neuropathologic sequelae of Gosuranemab have not been described. In this present study, we examined the brain tissue of three individuals who received Gosuranemab. Post-mortem human brain tissues were studied using immunohistochemistry to identify astrocytic and microglial differences between immunized cases and a cohort of unimmunized PSP, CBD and aging controls. Gosuranemab immunotherapy was not associated with clearance of neuropathologic FTLD-tau inclusions. However, treatment-associated changes were observed including the presence of perivascular vesicular astrocytes (PVA) with tau accumulation within lysosomes. PVAs were morphologically and immunophenotypically distinct from the tufted astrocytes seen in PSP, granular fuzzy astrocytes (GFA) seen in aging, and astrocytic plaques seen in CBD. Additional glial responses included increased reactive gliosis consisting of bushy astrocytosis and accumulation of rod microglia. Together, these neuropathologic findings suggest that Gosuranemab may be associated with a glial response including accumulation of tau within astrocytic lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Kim
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 613A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bailey Mikytuck
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 613A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Eunran Suh
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Garrett S Gibbons
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sanjeev N Vaishnavi
- Penn Memory Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meredith A Spindler
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Massimo
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 613A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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