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Volf M, Klimeš P, Lamarre GPA, Redmond CM, Seifert CL, Abe T, Auga J, Anderson-Teixeira K, Basset Y, Beckett S, Butterill PT, Drozd P, Gonzalez-Akre E, Kaman O, Kamata N, Laird-Hopkins B, Libra M, Manumbor M, Miller SE, Molem K, Mottl O, Murakami M, Nakaji T, Plowman NS, Pyszko P, Šigut M, Šipoš J, Tropek R, Weiblen GD, Novotny V. Quantitative assessment of plant-arthropod interactions in forest canopies: A plot-based approach. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222119. [PMID: 31644586 PMCID: PMC6808442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on canopy arthropods has progressed from species inventories to the study of their interactions and networks, enhancing our understanding of how hyper-diverse communities are maintained. Previous studies often focused on sampling individual tree species, individual trees or their parts. We argue that such selective sampling is not ideal when analyzing interaction network structure, and may lead to erroneous conclusions. We developed practical and reproducible sampling guidelines for the plot-based analysis of arthropod interaction networks in forest canopies. Our sampling protocol focused on insect herbivores (leaf-chewing insect larvae, miners and gallers) and non-flying invertebrate predators (spiders and ants). We quantitatively sampled the focal arthropods from felled trees, or from trees accessed by canopy cranes or cherry pickers in 53 0.1 ha forest plots in five biogeographic regions, comprising 6,280 trees in total. All three methods required a similar sampling effort and provided good foliage accessibility. Furthermore, we compared interaction networks derived from plot-based data to interaction networks derived from simulated non-plot-based data focusing either on common tree species or a representative selection of tree families. All types of non-plot-based data showed highly biased network structure towards higher connectance, higher web asymmetry, and higher nestedness temperature when compared with plot-based data. Furthermore, some types of non-plot-based data showed biased diversity of the associated herbivore species and specificity of their interactions. Plot-based sampling thus appears to be the most rigorous approach for reconstructing realistic, quantitative plant-arthropod interaction networks that are comparable across sites and regions. Studies of plant interactions have greatly benefited from a plot-based approach and we argue that studies of arthropod interactions would benefit in the same way. We conclude that plot-based studies on canopy arthropods would yield important insights into the processes of interaction network assembly and dynamics, which could be maximised via a coordinated network of plot-based study sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Volf
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Petr Klimeš
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Greg P. A. Lamarre
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Conor M. Redmond
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Carlo L. Seifert
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomokazu Abe
- Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - John Auga
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Kristina Anderson-Teixeira
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Front Royal, VA, United States of America
- ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
| | - Yves Basset
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
- Maestria de Entomologia, Universidad de Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Saul Beckett
- ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
| | - Philip T. Butterill
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Drozd
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Erika Gonzalez-Akre
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Front Royal, VA, United States of America
| | - Ondřej Kaman
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Naoto Kamata
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Furano, Japan
| | - Benita Laird-Hopkins
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Libra
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Manumbor
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Scott E. Miller
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Molem
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Ondřej Mottl
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tatsuro Nakaji
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Hokkaido University, Tomakomai, Japan
| | - Nichola S. Plowman
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyszko
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Šigut
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šipoš
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Tropek
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - George D. Weiblen
- Bell Museum and Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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Roslin T, Hardwick B, Novotny V, Petry WK, Andrew NR, Asmus A, Barrio IC, Basset Y, Boesing AL, Bonebrake TC, Cameron EK, Dáttilo W, Donoso DA, Drozd P, Gray CL, Hik DS, Hill SJ, Hopkins T, Huang S, Koane B, Laird-Hopkins B, Laukkanen L, Lewis OT, Milne S, Mwesige I, Nakamura A, Nell CS, Nichols E, Prokurat A, Sam K, Schmidt NM, Slade A, Slade V, Suchanková A, Teder T, van Nouhuys S, Vandvik V, Weissflog A, Zhukovich V, Slade EM. Higher predation risk for insect prey at low latitudes and elevations. Science 2018; 356:742-744. [PMID: 28522532 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaj1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Biotic interactions underlie ecosystem structure and function, but predicting interaction outcomes is difficult. We tested the hypothesis that biotic interaction strength increases toward the equator, using a global experiment with model caterpillars to measure predation risk. Across an 11,660-kilometer latitudinal gradient spanning six continents, we found increasing predation toward the equator, with a parallel pattern of increasing predation toward lower elevations. Patterns across both latitude and elevation were driven by arthropod predators, with no systematic trend in attack rates by birds or mammals. These matching gradients at global and regional scales suggest consistent drivers of biotic interaction strength, a finding that needs to be integrated into general theories of herbivory, community organization, and life-history evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Roslin
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Post Office Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. .,Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Post Office Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bess Hardwick
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Post Office Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,The New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Post Office Box 604, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - William K Petry
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Irvine, 321 Steinhaus Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-2525, USA.,Institute of Integrative Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nigel R Andrew
- Insect Ecology Lab, Centre of Excellence for Behavioural and Physiological Ecology, University of New England, NSW, Australia, 2351, Australia
| | - Ashley Asmus
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Isabel C Barrio
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada.,Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7 IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Yves Basset
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Republic of Panama
| | - Andrea Larissa Boesing
- Department of Ecology, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 321, T-14, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Timothy C Bonebrake
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Rd, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Erin K Cameron
- Metapopulation Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, Post Office Box 65, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate Change, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, København, Denmark
| | - Wesley Dáttilo
- Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, CP 91070, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - David A Donoso
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Pavel Drozd
- University of Ostrava, Faculty of Science-Department of Biology and Ecology, Chittussiho 10, 710 00 Slezská Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Claudia L Gray
- Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) of Existence, Conservation Programmes, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - David S Hik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah J Hill
- Insect Ecology Lab, Centre of Excellence for Behavioural and Physiological Ecology, University of New England, NSW, Australia, 2351, Australia
| | - Tapani Hopkins
- Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland
| | - Shuyin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303 Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bonny Koane
- The New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Post Office Box 604, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Benita Laird-Hopkins
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Republic of Panama
| | | | - Owen T Lewis
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Sol Milne
- University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Isaiah Mwesige
- Makerere University Biological Field Station, Post Office Box 409, Fort Portal, Uganda
| | - Akihiro Nakamura
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303 Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Colleen S Nell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Irvine, 321 Steinhaus Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-2525, USA
| | - Elizabeth Nichols
- Department of Ecology, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 321, T-14, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
| | - Alena Prokurat
- State Institution of Education, Zditovo High School, Zditovo, Belarus
| | - Katerina Sam
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Niels M Schmidt
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Alison Slade
- 40 Town End Lane, Lepton, Huddersfield, HD8 ONA, UK
| | - Victor Slade
- 40 Town End Lane, Lepton, Huddersfield, HD8 ONA, UK
| | - Alžběta Suchanková
- University of Ostrava, Faculty of Science-Department of Biology and Ecology, Chittussiho 10, 710 00 Slezská Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Tiit Teder
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Saskya van Nouhuys
- Metapopulation Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, Post Office Box 65, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vigdis Vandvik
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Post Office Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Anita Weissflog
- Department of Plant Ecology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Vital Zhukovich
- State Institution of Education, Zditovo High School, Zditovo, Belarus
| | - Eleanor M Slade
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Post Office Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.,Lancaster Environment Centre, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, UK
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