1
|
Zimmer N, Trzeciak ER, Müller A, Licht P, Sprang B, Leukel P, Mailänder V, Sommer C, Ringel F, Tuettenberg J, Kim E, Tuettenberg A. Nuclear Glycoprotein A Repetitions Predominant (GARP) Is a Common Trait of Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells and Correlates with Poor Survival in Glioblastoma Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5711. [PMID: 38136258 PMCID: PMC10741777 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is notoriously resistant to therapy. GB genesis and progression are driven by glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). One goal for improving treatment efficacy and patient outcomes is targeting GSCs. Currently, there are no universal markers for GSCs. Glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP), an anti-inflammatory protein expressed by activated regulatory T cells, was identified as a possible marker for GSCs. This study evaluated GARP for the detection of human GSCs utilizing a multidimensional experimental design that replicated several features of GB: (1) intratumoral heterogeneity, (2) cellular hierarchy (GSCs with varied degrees of self-renewal and differentiation), and (3) longitudinal GSC evolution during GB recurrence (GSCs from patient-matched newly diagnosed and recurrent GB). Our results indicate that GARP is expressed by GSCs across various cellular states and disease stages. GSCs with an increased GARP expression had reduced self-renewal but no alterations in proliferative capacity or differentiation commitment. Rather, GARP correlated inversely with the expression of GFAP and PDGFR-α, markers of astrocyte or oligodendrocyte differentiation. GARP had an abnormal nuclear localization (GARPNU+) in GSCs and was negatively associated with patient survival. The uniformity of GARP/GARPNU+ expression across different types of GSCs suggests a potential use of GARP as a marker to identify GSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Zimmer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany (P.L.)
| | - Emily R. Trzeciak
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany (P.L.)
| | - Andreas Müller
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Licht
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany (P.L.)
| | - Bettina Sprang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Petra Leukel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany (P.L.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Clemens Sommer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Ringel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochen Tuettenberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, SHG-Klinikum Idar-Oberstein, 55743 Idar-Oberstein, Germany;
| | - Ella Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Tuettenberg
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany (P.L.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Müller A, Weyerhäuser P, Berte N, Jonin F, Lyubarskyy B, Sprang B, Kantelhardt SR, Salinas G, Opitz L, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Giese A, Kim EL. Concurrent Activation of Both Survival-Promoting and Death-Inducing Signaling by Chloroquine in Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Implications for Potential Risks and Benefits of Using Chloroquine as Radiosensitizer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091290. [PMID: 37174691 PMCID: PMC10177603 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomotropic agent chloroquine was shown to sensitize non-stem glioblastoma cells to radiation in vitro with p53-dependent apoptosis implicated as one of the underlying mechanisms. The in vivo outcomes of chloroquine or its effects on glioblastoma stem cells have not been previously addressed. This study undertakes a combinatorial approach encompassing in vitro, in vivo and in silico investigations to address the relationship between chloroquine-mediated radiosensitization and p53 status in glioblastoma stem cells. Our findings reveal that chloroquine elicits antagonistic impacts on signaling pathways involved in the regulation of cell fate via both transcription-dependent and transcription-independent mechanisms. Evidence is provided that transcriptional impacts of chloroquine are primarily determined by p53 with chloroquine-mediated activation of pro-survival mevalonate and p21-DREAM pathways being the dominant response in the background of wild type p53. Non-transcriptional effects of chloroquine are conserved and converge on key cell fate regulators ATM, HIPK2 and AKT in glioblastoma stem cells irrespective of their p53 status. Our findings indicate that pro-survival responses elicited by chloroquine predominate in the context of wild type p53 and are diminished in cells with transcriptionally impaired p53. We conclude that p53 is an important determinant of the balance between pro-survival and pro-death impacts of chloroquine and propose that p53 functional status should be taken into consideration when evaluating the efficacy of glioblastoma radiosensitization by chloroquine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Müller
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrick Weyerhäuser
- Institute of Toxicology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nancy Berte
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fitriasari Jonin
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bogdan Lyubarskyy
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Sprang
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Rainer Kantelhardt
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics Core Unit (NIG), Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Centre, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lennart Opitz
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich, University of Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Alf Giese
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ella L Kim
- Experimental Neurooncology Group, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fauß J, Sprang B, Leukel P, Sommer C, Nikolova T, Ringel F, Kim EL. ALDH1A3 Segregated Expression and Nucleus-Associated Proteasomal Degradation Are Common Traits of Glioblastoma Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010007. [PMID: 35052687 PMCID: PMC8772809 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 isoforms A1 and A3 have been implicated as functional biomarkers associated with distinct molecular subtypes of glioblastoma and glioblastoma stem cells. However, the exact roles of these isoforms in different types of glioma cells remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to dissect the association of A1 or A3 isoforms with stem and non-stem glioblastoma cells. This study has undertaken a systematic characterization of A1 and A3 proteins in glioblastoma tissues and a panel of glioblastoma stem cells using immunocytochemical and immunofluorescence staining, Western blot and the subcellular fractionation methodology. Our main findings are (i) human GSCs express uniformly ALDH1A3 but not the ALDH1A1 isoform whereas non-stem glioma cells comparably express both isoforms; (ii) there is an abundance of ALDH1A3 peptides that prevail over the full-length form in glioblastoma stem cells but not in non-stem glioma cells; (iii) full-length ALDH1A3 and ALDH1A3 peptides are spatially segregated within the cell; and (vi) the abundance of full-length ALDH1A3 and ALDH1A3 peptides is sensitive to MG132-mediated proteasomal inhibition. Our study further supports the association of ALDH1A3 with glioblastoma stem cells and provide evidence for the regulation of ALDH1A3 activities at the level of protein turnover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Fauß
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.F.); (B.S.)
| | - Bettina Sprang
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.F.); (B.S.)
| | - Petra Leukel
- Institute of Neuropathology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Clemens Sommer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Teodora Nikolova
- Institute of Toxicology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Florian Ringel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Ella L. Kim
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.F.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zolotovskaia M, Tkachev V, Sorokin M, Garazha A, Kim E, Kantelhardt SR, Bikar SE, Zottel A, Šamec N, Kuzmin D, Sprang B, Moisseev A, Giese A, Efimov V, Jovčevska I, Buzdin A. Algorithmically Deduced FREM2 Molecular Pathway Is a Potent Grade and Survival Biomarker of Human Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4117. [PMID: 34439271 PMCID: PMC8394245 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors with high mortality rates. Recently we showed that the FREM2 gene has a role in glioblastoma progression. Here we reconstructed the FREM2 molecular pathway using the human interactome model. We assessed the biomarker capacity of FREM2 expression and its pathway as the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) biomarkers. To this end, we used three literature and one experimental RNA sequencing datasets collectively covering 566 glioblastomas (GBM) and 1097 low-grade gliomas (LGG). The activation level of deduced FREM2 pathway showed strong biomarker characteristics and significantly outperformed the FREM2 expression level itself. For all relevant datasets, it could robustly discriminate GBM and LGG (p < 1.63 × 10-13, AUC > 0.74). High FREM2 pathway activation level was associated with poor OS in LGG (p < 0.001), and low PFS in LGG (p < 0.001) and GBM (p < 0.05). FREM2 pathway activation level was poor prognosis biomarker for OS (p < 0.05) and PFS (p < 0.05) in LGG with IDH mutation, for PFS in LGG with wild type IDH (p < 0.001) and mutant IDH with 1p/19q codeletion(p < 0.05), in GBM with unmethylated MGMT (p < 0.05), and in GBM with wild type IDH (p < 0.05). Thus, we conclude that the activation level of the FREM2 pathway is a potent new-generation diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for multiple molecular subtypes of GBM and LGG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Zolotovskaia
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA; (M.S.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Radiotherapy, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Victor Tkachev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA; (M.S.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomic Bioinformatics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrew Garazha
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA; (M.S.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ella Kim
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55124 Mainz, Germany; (E.K.); (S.R.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Sven Rainer Kantelhardt
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55124 Mainz, Germany; (E.K.); (S.R.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Sven-Ernö Bikar
- StarSEQ GmbH, Joh.-Joachim-Becher-Weg 30a, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Alja Zottel
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.); (I.J.)
| | - Neja Šamec
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.); (I.J.)
| | - Denis Kuzmin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
| | - Bettina Sprang
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55124 Mainz, Germany; (E.K.); (S.R.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Alexey Moisseev
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA; (M.S.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Alf Giese
- Orthocentrum Hamburg, Hansastrasse 1, 20149 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Victor Efimov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
| | - Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.); (I.J.)
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomic Bioinformatics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Subgroup, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kalasauskas D, Sorokin M, Sprang B, Elmasri A, Viehweg S, Salinas G, Opitz L, Rave-Fraenk M, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Kantelhardt SR, Giese A, Buzdin A, Kim EL. Diversity of Clinically Relevant Outcomes Resulting from Hypofractionated Radiation in Human Glioma Stem Cells Mirrors Distinct Patterns of Transcriptomic Changes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030570. [PMID: 32121554 PMCID: PMC7139840 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypofractionated radiotherapy is the mainstay of the current treatment for glioblastoma. However, the efficacy of radiotherapy is hindered by the high degree of radioresistance associated with glioma stem cells comprising a heterogeneous compartment of cell lineages differing in their phenotypic characteristics, molecular signatures, and biological responses to external signals. Reconstruction of radiation responses in glioma stem cells is necessary for understanding the biological and molecular determinants of glioblastoma radioresistance. To date, there is a paucity of information on the longitudinal outcomes of hypofractionated radiation in glioma stem cells. This study addresses long-term outcomes of hypofractionated radiation in human glioma stem cells by using a combinatorial approach integrating parallel assessments of the tumor-propagating capacity, stemness-associated properties, and array-based profiling of gene expression. The study reveals a broad spectrum of changes in the tumor-propagating capacity of glioma stem cells after radiation and finds association with proliferative changes at the onset of differentiation. Evidence is provided that parallel transcriptomic patterns and a cumulative impact of pathways involved in the regulation of apoptosis, neural differentiation, and cell proliferation underly similarities in tumorigenicity changes after radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darius Kalasauskas
- Laboratory for Experimental Neurooncology, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (B.S.); (A.E.); (S.V.)
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA
| | - Bettina Sprang
- Laboratory for Experimental Neurooncology, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (B.S.); (A.E.); (S.V.)
| | - Alhassan Elmasri
- Laboratory for Experimental Neurooncology, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (B.S.); (A.E.); (S.V.)
| | - Sina Viehweg
- Laboratory for Experimental Neurooncology, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (B.S.); (A.E.); (S.V.)
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics Core Unit (NIG), Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Centre, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (G.S.); (L.O.)
| | - Lennart Opitz
- NGS Integrative Genomics Core Unit (NIG), Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Centre, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (G.S.); (L.O.)
| | - Margret Rave-Fraenk
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Medical Centre, 37077 Göttingen, Germany;
| | | | - Sven Reiner Kantelhardt
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Alf Giese
- OrthoCentrum Hamburg, Department of Tumor Spinal Surgery, 20149 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Oncobox ltd., 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141700 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ella L. Kim
- Laboratory for Experimental Neurooncology, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (B.S.); (A.E.); (S.V.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim EL, Buzdin A, Sorokin M, Poddubskaya E, Poddubskiy A, Kantelhardt SR, Kalasauskas D, Sprang B, Bikar SE, Giese A. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic analysis to pre-assess sensitivity to targeted therapeutics in recurrent glioblastoma. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e13533 Background: This study developed molecular guided tools for individualized selection of chemotherapeutics for recurrent glioblastoma (rGB). A consortium involving clinical neurooncologists, molecular biologists and bioinformaticians identified gene expression patterns in rGB and quantitatively analyzed pathways involved in response to FDA approved oncodrugs. Methods: From2016 to 2018 biopsies from GB were collected using a multisampling approach. Biopsy material was used to isolate glioma stem-like cells and examined by RNA-sequencing. RNA-seq results were subjected to differential expression (DE) analysis and Oncobox analysis – a bioinformatic tool for quantitative pathway activation analysis. Results for newly diagnosed (nGB) and rGB (tissue samples and cell cultures) were compared. Oncobox analysis was further used to examine differential activation of pathways involved in response to existing chemotherapeutics. Results: 128 tissue samples and 28 cell cultures from a total of 44 GBs including 23 nGB, 19 rGB and 2 second-recurrent GBs were analyzed. 14 patient-matched pairs of nGB and rGB were obtained. DE analysis of nGB and rGB, showed a distinct “signature” associated with rGB. Oncobox analysis found down regulation of pathways related to cell cycle and DNA repair and upregulation of immune response pathways in rGB vs corresponding nGB. Specifically, pathways targeted by temozolomide, which is the first line chemotherapy for GB, were found down regulated in rGB. Among the top pathways upregulated in rGB were the pathways targeted by durvalumab and pomalidomide currently under investigation in phase II or III trials for GB. Conclusions: Specific pathway analysis revealed regional and clinical stage-associated differences in the transcriptional landscapes of nGB and rGB. Our results support a concept of treatment-induced resistance to cytotoxic therapeutics and indicate that temozolomide and radiation treatment have important impacts on gene expression changes associated with GB recurrence. Systematic molecular profiling of rGB is a promising avenue towards predicting sensitivity to targeted therapeutics in rGBs on an individual basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ella L Kim
- Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Maxim Sorokin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Artem Poddubskiy
- Federal State Autonomous Institution "N.N. Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center for Neurosurgery", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | | | | | - Alf Giese
- Orthozentrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Barrantes-Freer A, Renovanz M, Eich M, Braukmann A, Sprang B, Spirin P, Pardo LA, Giese A, Kim EL. CD133 Expression Is Not Synonymous to Immunoreactivity for AC133 and Fluctuates throughout the Cell Cycle in Glioma Stem-Like Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130519. [PMID: 26086074 PMCID: PMC4472699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A transmembrane protein CD133 has been implicated as a marker of stem-like glioma cells and predictor for therapeutic response in malignant brain tumours. CD133 expression is commonly evaluated by using antibodies specific for the AC133 epitope located in one of the extracellular domains of membrane-bound CD133. There is conflicting evidence regarding the significance of the AC133 epitope as a marker for identifying stem-like glioma cells and predicting the degree of malignancy in glioma cells. The reasons for discrepant results between different studies addressing the role of CD133/AC133 in gliomas are unclear. A possible source for controversies about CD133/AC133 is the widespread assumption that expression patterns of the AC133 epitope reflect linearly those of the CD133 protein. Consequently, the readouts from AC133 assessments are often interpreted in terms of the CD133 protein. The purpose of this study is to determine whether and to what extent do the readouts obtained with anti-AC133 antibody correspond to the level of CD133 protein expressed in stem-like glioma cells. Our study reveals for the first time that CD133 expressed on the surface of glioma cells is poorly immunoreactive for AC133. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the level of CD133 occupancy on the surface of glioma cells fluctuates during the cell cycle. Our results offer a new explanation for numerous inconsistencies regarding the biological and clinical significance of CD133/AC133 in human gliomas and call for caution in interpreting the lack or presence of AC133 epitope in glioma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Barrantes-Freer
- Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Renovanz
- Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marcus Eich
- Institute of Toxicology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alina Braukmann
- Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Sprang
- Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pavel Spirin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Luis A. Pardo
- Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alf Giese
- Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ella L. Kim
- Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
- Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|