1
|
Zhang Y, Chen J, Wang Y, Wang D, Cong W, Lai BS, Zhao Y. Multilayer network analysis of miRNA and protein expression profiles in breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0202311. [PMID: 30946749 PMCID: PMC6448837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs and proteins play important roles in different stages of breast tumor development and serve as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. A new algorithm that combines machine learning algorithms and multilayer complex network analysis is hereby proposed to explore the potential diagnostic values of miRNAs and proteins. XGBoost and random forest algorithms were employed to screen the most important miRNAs and proteins. Maximal information coefficient was applied to assess intralayer and interlayer connection. A multilayer complex network was constructed to identify miRNAs and proteins that could serve as biomarkers for breast cancer. Proteins and miRNAs that are nodes in the network were subsequently categorized into two network layers considering their distinct functions. The betweenness centrality was used as the first measurement of the importance of the nodes within each single layer. The degree of the nodes was chosen as the second measurement to map their signalling pathways. By combining these two measurements into one score and comparing the difference of the same candidate between normal tissue and cancer tissue, this novel multilayer network analysis could be applied to successfully identify molecules associated with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dehua Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weihui Cong
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Shiun Lai
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Yi Zhao
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Aptamers are short, single-stranded DNA, RNA, or synthetic XNA molecules that can be developed with high affinity and specificity to interact with any desired targets. They have been widely used in facilitating discoveries in basic research, ensuring food safety and monitoring the environment. Furthermore, aptamers play promising roles as clinical diagnostics and therapeutic agents. This review provides update on the recent advances in this rapidly progressing field of research with particular emphasis on generation of aptamers and their applications in biosensing, biotechnology and medicine. The limitations and future directions of aptamers in target specific delivery and real-time detection are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- College of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Bo Shiun Lai
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Mario Juhas
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Gloriastrasse 28/30, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lykins J, Li X, Levigne P, Zhou Y, El Bissati K, Clouser F, Wallon M, Morel F, Leahy K, El Mansouri B, Siddiqui M, Leong N, Michalowski M, Irwin E, Goodall P, Ismail M, Christmas M, Adlaoui EB, Rhajaoui M, Barkat A, Cong H, Begeman IJ, Lai BS, Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG, Montoya JG, Maldonado Y, Ramirez R, Press C, Peyron F, McLeod R. Rapid, inexpensive, fingerstick, whole-blood, sensitive, specific, point-of-care test for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006536. [PMID: 30114251 PMCID: PMC6095485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Lykins
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Xuan Li
- Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Pauline Levigne
- Institut de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kamal El Bissati
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Fatima Clouser
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Martine Wallon
- Institut de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Morel
- Institut de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Leahy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | | | - Maryam Siddiqui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nicole Leong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Morgan Michalowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Erin Irwin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Perpetua Goodall
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mahmoud Ismail
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Monica Christmas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | | | | | - Amina Barkat
- Équipe de recherche en santé et nutrition du couple mère enfant, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hua Cong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ian J. Begeman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Bo Shiun Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Despina G. Contopoulos-Ioannidis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jose G. Montoya
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Yvonne Maldonado
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Raymund Ramirez
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Cindy Press
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Francois Peyron
- Institut de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Rima McLeod
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Genomics, Genetics, and Systems Biology, Global Health Center, Toxoplasmosis Center, CHeSS, The College, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Begeman IJ, Lykins J, Zhou Y, Lai BS, Levigne P, El Bissati K, Boyer K, Withers S, Clouser F, Noble AG, Rabiah P, Swisher CN, Heydemann PT, Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG, Montoya JG, Maldonado Y, Ramirez R, Press C, Stillwaggon E, Peyron F, McLeod R. Point-of-care testing for Toxoplasma gondii IgG/IgM using Toxoplasma ICT IgG-IgM test with sera from the United States and implications for developing countries. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017. [PMID: 28650970 PMCID: PMC5501679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital toxoplasmosis is a serious but preventable and treatable disease. Gestational screening facilitates early detection and treatment of primary acquisition. Thus, fetal infection can be promptly diagnosed and treated and outcomes can be improved. Methods We tested 180 sera with the Toxoplasma ICT IgG-IgM point-of-care (POC) test. Sera were from 116 chronically infected persons (48 serotype II; 14 serotype I-III; 25 serotype I-IIIa; 28 serotype Atypical, haplogroup 12; 1 not typed). These represent strains of parasites infecting mothers of congenitally infected children in the U.S. 51 seronegative samples and 13 samples from recently infected persons known to be IgG/IgM positive within the prior 2.7 months also were tested. Interpretation was confirmed by two blinded observers. A comparison of costs for POC vs. commercial laboratory testing methods was performed. Results We found that this new Toxoplasma ICT IgG-IgM POC test was highly sensitive (100%) and specific (100%) for distinguishing IgG/IgM-positive from negative sera. Use of such reliable POC tests can be cost-saving and benefit patients. Conclusions Our work demonstrates that the Toxoplasma ICT IgG-IgM test can function reliably as a point-of-care test to diagnose Toxoplasma gondii infection in the U.S. This provides an opportunity to improve maternal-fetal care by using approaches, diagnostic tools, and medicines already available. This infection has serious, lifelong consequences for infected persons and their families. From the present study, it appears a simple, low-cost POC test is now available to help prevent morbidity/disability, decrease cost, and make gestational screening feasible. It also offers new options for improved prenatal care in low- and middle-income countries. Toxoplasmosis, a disease caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, presents a major health burden in both the developed and developing world. Untreated congenital toxoplasmosis causes damage to the eye and brain, but early detection and treatment reduce transmission and disease. Fetal infection can be promptly diagnosed and treated and outcomes can be improved. Gestational screening for toxoplasmosis has international precedent. In this paper, we demonstrated that the new Toxoplasma ICT IgG-IgM test had 100% sensitivity and specificity in detecting Toxoplasma infection (N = 180 U.S. sera from uninfected persons and those with varying parasite serotypes). The use of an inexpensive, easy-to-use point-of-care test facilitates screening of pregnant women for T. gondii infection. In turn, this facilitates prompt treatment for the infection and thereby reduces the health burden caused by this disease. This provides an opportunity to improve maternal-fetal care by using approaches, diagnostic tools, and medicines already available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian J. Begeman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Joseph Lykins
- Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Bo Shiun Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Pauline Levigne
- Institut de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Kamal El Bissati
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Boyer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Rush University and Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Shawn Withers
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Fatima Clouser
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - A. Gwendolyn Noble
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Lurie Children’s Hospital and Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Peter Rabiah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Northshore Hospital, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Charles N. Swisher
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Lurie Children’s Hospital and Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Peter T. Heydemann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Rush University and Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Despina G. Contopoulos-Ioannidis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jose G. Montoya
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Yvonne Maldonado
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Raymund Ramirez
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Cindy Press
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | | | - François Peyron
- Institut de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Rima McLeod
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases), Institute of Genomics, Genetics, and Systems Biology, Global Health Center, Toxoplasmosis Center, the Center for Health and the Social Sciences, CHeSS, the College, The University of Chicago, Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng G, Muench SP, Zhou Y, Afanador GA, Mui EJ, Fomovska A, Lai BS, Prigge ST, Woods S, Roberts CW, Hickman MR, Lee PJ, Leed SE, Auschwitz JM, Rice DW, McLeod R. Design, synthesis, and biological activity of diaryl ether inhibitors of Toxoplasma gondii enoyl reductase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2035-43. [PMID: 23453069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan is a potent inhibitor of Toxoplasma gondii enoyl reductase (TgENR), which is an essential enzyme for parasite survival. In view of triclosan's poor druggability, which limits its therapeutic use, a new set of B-ring modified analogs were designed to optimize its physico-chemical properties. These derivatives were synthesized and evaluated by in vitro assay and TgENR enzyme assay. Some analogs display improved solubility, permeability and a comparable MIC50 value to that of triclosan. Modeling of these inhibitors revealed the same overall binding mode with the enzyme as triclosan, but the B-ring modifications have additional interactions with the strongly conserved Asn130.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cheng
- Drug Discovery Program, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee FY, Leung KL, Lai BS, Ng SS, Dexter S, Lau WY. Predicting mortality and morbidity of patients operated on for perforated peptic ulcers. Arch Surg 2001; 136:90-4. [PMID: 11146785 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.136.1.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Since the early 1990s, the laparoscopic technique has been increasingly used for the treatment of perforated peptic ulcer. It is important to validate a risk scoring system that can stratify patients into various risk groups before comparing the treatment outcome of laparoscopic repair against that of conventional open surgery. The scoring system should be able to predict the likelihood of mortality and morbidity. Boey score and APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) score may be of use in patient stratification. DESIGN Retrospective review of relevant case notes by one reviewer. SETTING A teaching hospital treating 0. 5 million to 1 million patients during the study period. PATIENTS Patients operated on for perforated peptic ulcer between January 1989 and December 1998. Patients treated conservatively were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality and postoperative complications (morbidity). RESULTS A total of 436 patients (365 male and 71 female) with a mean +/- SD age of 51.5 +/- 18.3 years (range, 14-92 years) were studied. Duodenal perforation accounted for 344 (78.9%) of 436 cases. The mortality rate was 7.8% (34/436), and 89 patients had postoperative complications. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only the APACHE II score predicted both mortality and morbidity. Although the Boey score predicted mortality, it failed to predict morbidity. However, the Boey score predicted the chance of conversion in patients undergoing laparoscopic repair. CONCLUSIONS The APACHE II score may be a useful tool for stratifying patients into various risk groups, and the Boey score might select appropriate patients for laparoscopic repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Y Lee
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|