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Saba CF, Fan TM, Phillips BS, Wright ZM, Thamm DH. Alternating rabacfosadine and doxorubicin for treatment of naïve canine lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2024; 22:278-283. [PMID: 38616055 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The current standard of care treatment for canine lymphoma is a multi-agent, CHOP-based chemotherapy protocol. Single agent doxorubicin (DOX) is less burdensome; however, multi-agent chemotherapy protocols are often superior. The recently approved drug rabacfosadine (RAB, Tanovea) provides an attractive option for combination therapy with DOX, as both drugs demonstrate efficacy against lymphoma and possess different mechanisms of action. A previous study evaluating alternating RAB/DOX reported an overall response rate (ORR) of 84%, with a median progression-free survival time (PFS) of 194 days. The aim of this prospective trial was to evaluate the same protocol in an additional population of dogs. Fifty-nine dogs with treatment naïve lymphoma were enrolled. RAB (1.0 mg/kg IV) was alternated with DOX (30 mg/m2 IV) every 21 days for up to six total treatments (3 cycles). Response assessment and adverse event (AE) evaluation were performed every 21 days using VCOG criteria. The ORR was 93% (79% CR, 14% PR). The median time to maximal response was 21.5 days; median PFS was 199 days. T cell immunophenotype and lack of treatment response were predictive of inferior outcomes. AEs were mostly gastrointestinal. Six dogs developed presumed or confirmed pulmonary fibrosis; four were grade 5. One dog experienced grade 3 extravasation injury with RAB that resolved with supportive treatment. These data mirror those of the previously reported RAB/DOX study, and support the finding that alternating RAB/DOX is a reasonable treatment option for canine lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey F Saba
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Timothy M Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Brenda S Phillips
- Veterinary Specialty Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Douglas H Thamm
- Colorado State University Flint Animal Cancer Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Weishaar KM, Wright ZM, Rosenberg MP, Post GS, McDaniel JA, Clifford CA, Phillips BS, Bergman PJ, Randall EK, Avery AC, Thamm DH, Christman Hull AA, Gust CM, Donoghue AR. Multicenter, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled study of rabacfosadine in dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 36:215-226. [PMID: 34952995 PMCID: PMC8783351 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rabacfosadine (RAB, Tanovea‐CA1) is a novel chemotherapy agent conditionally approved for the treatment of lymphoma in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives To determine the efficacy and safety of RAB in dogs with lymphoma. Animals One hundred and fifty‐eight client‐owned dogs with naïve or relapsed multicentric lymphoma were prospectively enrolled from January to October 2019. Methods Dogs were randomized to receive RAB or placebo at a 3 : 1 ratio. Treatment was given every 21 days for up to 5 treatments. Study endpoints included progression‐free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) at a given visit, best overall response rate (BORR), and percent progression free 1 month after treatment completion. Safety data were also collected. Results The median PFS was significantly longer in the RAB group compared to placebo (82 vs 21 days; P < .0001, HR 6.265 [95% CI 3.947‐9.945]). The BORR for RAB‐treated dogs was 73.2% (50.9% complete response [CR], 22.3% partial response [PR]) and 5.6% (0% CR, 5.6% PR) for placebo‐treated dogs (P < .0001). One month after the last treatment, 37 RAB‐treated dogs (33%) were progression free compared with no placebo‐treated dogs (P < .0001). The most common adverse events observed in the RAB group were diarrhea (87.5%), decreased appetite (68.3%), and vomiting (68.3%) and were generally low grade and reversible. Serious adverse events were reported in 24 RAB‐treated (20%) and 5 placebo‐treated dogs (13%). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Rabacfosadine demonstrated statistically significant antitumor efficacy in dogs with lymphoma when administered every 21 days for up to 5 treatments as compared to placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M. Weishaar
- Flint Animal Cancer Center Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elissa K. Randall
- Department of Radiology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Anne C. Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Douglas H. Thamm
- Flint Animal Cancer Center Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | | | - Cathy M. Gust
- GustPMConsulting, LLC Westlake Village California USA
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Thamm DH, Vail DM, Post GS, Fan TM, Phillips BS, Axiak-Bechtel S, Elmslie RS, Klein MK, Ruslander DA. Alternating Rabacfosadine/Doxorubicin: Efficacy and Tolerability in Naïve Canine Multicentric Lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:872-878. [PMID: 28370378 PMCID: PMC5435064 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Standard of care treatment for multicentric lymphoma in dogs remains doxorubicin (DOX)‐based combination chemotherapy, but owners may hesitate to commit the time and financial resources to complete such a protocol, typically requiring 12–16 visits. Rabacfosadine (RAB), a double prodrug of the nucleotide analog 9‐(2‐phosphonylmethoxyethyl) guanine, has substantial single‐agent activity in dogs with lymphoma, and a different mechanism of action than DOX. Hypothesis/Objectives Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effect (AE) profile of alternating doses of RAB and DOX in dogs with naïve multicentric lymphoma. Animals Fifty‐four dogs with previously untreated lymphoma. Methods Open‐label, multicenter prospective clinical trial. Dogs received alternating RAB (1.0 mg/kg IV weeks 0, 6, 12) and DOX (30 mg/m2 IV weeks 3, 9, 15). Dogs that achieved complete response (CR) were followed by monthly evaluations. Complete clinicopathological evaluation and assessment of remission and AEs were performed every 21 days. Results The overall response rate was 84% (68%; CR; 16%; partial response [PR)]. The overall median progression‐free interval (PFI) was 194 days (216 for CR and 63 for PR). Most AEs were mild and self‐limiting: gastrointestinal and hematologic AEs were most common. Thirteen dogs experienced dermatologic AEs, and 2 dogs developed grade 5 pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Alternating RAB/DOX generally was well tolerated and resulted in PFIs comparable to standard DOX‐based multi‐agent protocols, with fewer treatment visits. Most adverse events were mild or moderate and self‐limiting. Further studies are warranted to explore long‐term outcome and other RAB chemotherapy combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.,Developmental Therapeutics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - D M Vail
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - G S Post
- The Veterinary Cancer Center, Norwalk, CT
| | - T M Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - B S Phillips
- Veterinary Specialty Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - S Axiak-Bechtel
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - R S Elmslie
- Veterinary Referral Center of Colorado, Englewood, CO
| | - M K Klein
- Southern Arizona Veterinary Specialty and Emergency Center, Tucson, AZ
| | - D A Ruslander
- Veterinary Specialty Hospital of the Carolinas, Cary, NC
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Flory AB, Rassnick KM, Erb HN, Garrett LD, Northrup NC, Selting KA, Phillips BS, Locke JE, Chretin JD. Evaluation of factors associated with second remission in dogs with lymphoma undergoing retreatment with a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy protocol: 95 cases (2000–2007). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2011; 238:501-6. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.238.4.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Optical traps have become widespread tools for studying biological objects on the micro and nanoscale. However, conventional laser tweezers and traps rely on bulk optics and are not compatible with current trends in optofluidic miniaturization. Here, we report a new type of particle trap that relies on propagation loss in confined modes in liquid-core optical waveguides to trap particles. Using silica beads and E. coli bacteria, we demonstrate unique key capabilities of this trap. These include single particle trapping with micron-scale accuracy at arbitrary positions over waveguide lengths of several millimeters, definition of multiple independent particle traps in a single waveguide, and combination of optical trapping with single particle fluorescence analysis. The exclusive use of a two-dimensional network of planar waveguides strongly reduces experimental complexity and defines a new paradigm for on-chip particle control and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kühn
- School of Engineering, University of CA Santa Cruz, MS: SOE-2, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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Rassnick KM, Goldkamp CE, Erb HN, Scrivani PV, Njaa BL, Gieger TL, Turek MM, McNiel EA, Proulx DR, Chun R, Mauldin GE, Phillips BS, Kristal O. Evaluation of factors associated with survival in dogs with untreated nasal carcinomas: 139 cases (1993-2003). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006; 229:401-6. [PMID: 16881833 DOI: 10.2460/javma.229.3.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate factors associated with survival in dogs with nasal carcinomas that did not receive treatment or received only palliative treatment. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 139 dogs with histologically confirmed nasal carcinomas. PROCEDURES Medical records, computed tomography images, and biopsy specimens of nasal carcinomas were reviewed. Only dogs that were not treated with radiation, surgery, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy and that survived > or = 7 days from the date of diagnosis were included. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival time. Factors potentially associated with survival were compared by use of log-rank and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Multivariable survival analysis was performed by use of the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS Overall median survival time was 95 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 73 to 113 days; range, 7 to 1,114 days). In dogs with epistaxis, the hazard of dying was 2.3 times that of dogs that did not have epistaxis. Median survival time of 107 dogs with epistaxis was 88 days (95% CI, 65 to 106 days) and that of 32 dogs without epistaxis was 224 days (95% CI, 54 to 467 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The prognosis of dogs with untreated nasal carcinomas is poor. Treatment strategies to improve outcome should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Rassnick
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Cantrell CL, Berhow MA, Phillips BS, Duval SM, Weisleder D, Vaughn SF. Bioactive crude plant seed extracts from the NCAUR oilseed repository. Phytomedicine 2003; 10:325-333. [PMID: 12809363 DOI: 10.1078/094471103322004820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Over four-hundred crude extracts from 202 plant species distributed among 131 plant families were evaluated for their bioactivity against brine shrimp (Artemia salina). Activity was determined for both the organic (CH2Cl2:MeOH) and aqueous extracts against A. salina in a 96 well-plate assay. Of the greater than four-hundred extracts tested, 21 organic and 6 aqueous extracts demonstrated potent cytotoxic activity (LC50 = < 100 microg/ml). Three of these organic extracts (Crateva religiosa, Diospyros dichrophylla, and Olax subscorpioidea) were chosen for chemical investigations due to their high activity and a lack of prior investigations. Chemical analysis of these extracts resulted in the isolation of oleanolic acid (1) and 4-epi-hederagenin (2) from C. religiosa, isodiospyrin (3) from D. dichrophylla, and santalbic acid (4) from O. subscorpioidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Cantrell
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, Illinois, USA.
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Poirier VJ, Thamm DH, Kurzman ID, Jeglum KA, Chun R, Obradovich JE, O'Brien M, Fred RM, Phillips BS, Vail DM. Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin (Doxil) and Doxorubicin in the Treatment of Vaccine-Associated Sarcoma in Cats. J Vet Intern Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2002.tb02415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Poirier VJ, Thamm DH, Kurzman ID, Jeglum KA, Chun R, Obradovich JE, O'Brien M, Fred RM, Phillips BS, Vail DM. Liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin (Doxil) and doxorubicin in the treatment of vaccine-associated sarcoma in cats. J Vet Intern Med 2002; 16:726-31. [PMID: 12465772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this randomized, multicenter study was to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin (LED) and doxorubicin (DOX) in the treatment of feline vaccine-associated sarcoma (VAS). Cats were divided according to their disease status into a microscopic arm (no evidence of gross disease) and a macroscopic arm (evidence of gross disease). Each arm was randomized to receive either LED (1-1.5 mg/kg i.v. q3 weeks) or DOX (1 mg/kg i.v. q3 weeks). Thirty-three cats were entered in the macroscopic arm of the study with an overall response rate of 39% (5 complete response and 8 partial response) and a median time to progression of 84 days. Response rates were not different between LED and DOX. Seventy-five cats were entered into the microscopic arm. When compared to a similar historical control population treated with surgery alone, the cats receiving chemotherapy had a prolonged median disease-free interval (388 days versus 93 days). No difference in efficacy was detected between LED and DOX. LED at 1.5 mg/kg induced delayed nephrotoxicosis in 23%, necessitating a decrease in the recommended dosage to 1 mg/kg, and cutaneous toxicosis in 21.7% of treated cats. This study showed that both DOX and LED are efficacious in the treatment of VAS and should be considered in the treatment of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J Poirier
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Thamm DH, MacEwen EG, Phillips BS, Hershey AE, Burgess KM, Pettit GR, Vail DM. Preclinical study of dolastatin-10 in dogs with spontaneous neoplasia. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2002; 49:251-5. [PMID: 11935218 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-001-0402-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2001] [Accepted: 10/18/2001] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the short-term adverse effects of administration of dolastatin-10 (Dol-10) to dogs with spontaneously occurring malignant tumors. METHODS A total of 34 tumor-bearing dogs were given Dol-10 as a rapid intravenous bolus every 14 days at starting dosages ranging from 200 to 350 microg/m(2). Acute and short-term adverse effects, antitumor response, and duration of response were characterized. RESULTS The maximum tolerated dose varied greatly from patient to patient, but a reasonable starting dose for further studies was established at 300 microg/m(2). The median number of treatments per dog was 2 (range 1 to 17). Granulocytopenia was the dose-limiting toxicity. The overall response rate was 3%, consisting of a complete and durable (30 months) response in a dog with high-grade malignant lymphoma that was refractory to standard therapy. Two minor or transient responses were observed, and two dogs experienced disease stabilization for 8 and 16 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Dol-10 appears to be well tolerated in tumor-bearing dogs at doses approaching those tolerated by humans. The clinical activity observed in dogs with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas H Thamm
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive West, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Abstract
Proliferative and apoptotic fractions of tumors were evaluated in 41 dogs with lymphoma for prediction of response to chemotherapy. All dogs had advanced clinical stage tumors, were untreated prior to study, and received identical induction-remission chemotherapy. Tumor cell proliferation was determined in all pretreatment biopsy specimens and in 18 specimens collected at the time of clinical relapse from remission. Quantitative measures included mitotic index and immunoreactivities for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67. Apoptotic index was evaluated from 40 dogs pretreatment and from 16 dogs at the time of first relapse. Pretreatment tumor values for Ki-67, PCNA, and apoptosis were compared with posttreatment values. The median first relapse-free interval (RFI) and overall survival (OS) time were 174 days and 445 days, respectively. Of the proliferation markers, only the results of the Ki-67 analysis were predictive for duration of the first RFI but not OS. Pretreatment apoptotic index was also predictive of the duration of first RFI but not OS. No significant predictive value for comparison of the pretreatment and postrelapse values was demonstrated. Ki-67 labeling index and apoptotic indexes were combined to form both a proliferation/apoptotic ratio (PAR) and a sum, or turnover index. Only the PAR was predictive for duration of first RFI on multivariate analysis. Other variables that were evaluated for their influence on treatment outcome included patient age, weight, gender, clinical stage, clinical substage, and tumor immunophenotype. Of these variables, only immunophenotype was found to be of value for predicting duration of first RFI and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Phillips
- University of California-Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, 95616, USA
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Phillips BS, Padilla ML, Dickerson EB, Lindstrom MJ, Helfand SC. Immunostimulatory effects of human recombinant interleukin-12 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal dogs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1999; 70:189-201. [PMID: 10507361 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(99)00068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) plays a pivotal role in regulating cellular immune responses involving autoimmunity, infectious disease, and cancer. Human recombinant (hr) IL-12 is being evaluated for therapy of human cancer. We investigated the potential of hrIL-12 to activate canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using proliferation and cytotoxicity as readouts. Human rIL-12 caused increased proliferation of PBMC, and enhanced lysis of allogeneic canine tumor targets mediated by PBMC from normal dogs in vitro. In addition, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by canine PBMC was enhanced by hrIL-12. These results indicate that hrIL-12 is recognized by canine immune cells, triggering a number of immune responses in canine PBMC, that may be important for immunotherapy of canine cancer. Information from this investigation provides impetus for evaluation of the effects of hrIL-12 on PBMC from tumor-bearing dogs and should be helpful in the development of hrIL-12 as an immune cell activator in vivo in the dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Phillips
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA
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Phillips BS. The mental lexicon: evidence from lexical diffusion. Brain Lang 1999; 68:104-109. [PMID: 10433746 DOI: 10.1006/brln.1999.2104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to bring together evidence from studies on the lexical diffusion of various sound changes to support the following characteristics of the mental lexicon: (a) it must be connectionist rather than generative; (b) it must include information about grammatical category; (c) it must provide information on lexical frequency or entrenchment; and (d) entries must contain phonetic detail. Overall, lexical diffusion studies support a fully specified, connectionist model of the lexicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Phillips
- Indiana State University, Terre Haute 47809, USA.
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Madewell BR, Phillips BS, Kraegel SA. Optimizing the diagnostic use of a small clinical biopsy. J Vet Diagn Invest 1999; 11:94-7. [PMID: 9925220 DOI: 10.1177/104063879901100116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B R Madewell
- Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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Abstract
Many chemotherapeutic regimens will induce remission in dogs with lymphoma, but almost all dogs suffer relapse. Mitoxantrone was selected for evaluation as single-agent chemotherapy for relapsing canine lymphoma based on its use in humans undergoing salvage chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and its tumoricidal effect against canine lymphoma. Dogs entered into study had multicentric lymphoma, and all had been treated solely with a standard combination chemotherapy protocol. At 1st relapse, all dogs were again staged and underwent lymph node biopsy. Mitoxantrone was administered IV at 6 mg/m2 every 21 days. Dogs were evaluated for lymphadenopathy before each dose of mitoxantrone. Fifteen dogs were entered into study. The average age (+/- SEM) of the dogs studied was 7.7 +/- 0.91 years, and most dogs were large (mean +/- SEM weight, 24.44 +/- 2.15 kg). Twelve dogs (80%) had B-cell lymphoma, and 3 had T-cell lymphoma. Dogs were staged IV (n = 12) or V (n = 3). The median duration of chemotherapy before entry into the study was 98 days. Overall median duration of response after mitoxantrone chemotherapy was 21 days. Complete responses were attained in 7 of 15 dogs (47%) with a median response duration of 84 days. Nine of 15 (60%) dogs attained a complete remission with additional chemotherapy after failing mitoxantrone chemotherapy. Mild toxicities were observed after mitoxantrone administration. No adverse reactions were observed during mitoxantrone infusions. The results of this study demonstrate that mitoxantrone, as a single agent, has limited value for dogs with lymphoma at 1st relapse after conventional multidrug chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Lucroy
- Center for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
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Phillips BS, Kraegel SA, Simonson E, Madewell BR. Acute reactions in dogs treated with doxorubicin: increased frequency with the use of a generic formulation. J Vet Intern Med 1998; 12:171-2. [PMID: 9595378 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1998.tb02113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During a 4-month period, 34 dogs with tumors received a total of 60 doses of a single generic formulation of doxorubicin; 13 acute drug reactions were observed in these 34 dogs, and no acute reactions were observed after replacing the product with the proprietary brand. These reactions were characterized by one or more of the following signs: pruritus; head-shaking; urticaria; erythema of the pinnal, axillary, or inguinal regions; vocalization; vomiting; hyperemic or pale mucous membranes; high heart rate; and high respiratory rate. We propose that a component unique to generic doxorubicin was responsible for the unusually high number of acute drug reactions observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Phillips
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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Prajapati C, Phillips BS, Bradshaw MJ. Rash in an elderly woman presenting with collapse. Postgrad Med J 1997; 73:175-6. [PMID: 9135839 PMCID: PMC2431252 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.73.857.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Prajapati
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Brighton General Hospital, UK
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